ANCIENT INDIA
Geography
•M______= seasonal winds in India that bring ______in the summer
The Aryans and the Vedic Period
•The social structure was based on the ______system
–Caste system = a set rigid categories in ancient India that determined a person’s ______and ______in society
•Society was divided into four social classes called ______
•Women had less ______and were not ______
–Job was to have ______and ______and respect their husbands at all times
Hinduism
•One of the world’s ______religions
–Practiced in ancient India by the ______
•Religious beliefs of the Hindus are found in the ______, a collection of hymns and religious ceremonies
•Beliefs:
–______, belief in the ______system
–B______– single force, external being that created and preserves the world, a form of ultimate ______
–D______= various manifestations of Brahman, are ______in the world
–Continual pattern of birth, death, and ______
•At death the atman is ______from the body and later reborn in another
–Called ______= belief that the individual soul is reborn into a new ______after death
–The nature of the person’s new life will be shaped by their ______
•Karma = force generated by a person’s ______that determines how the person will be ______in the next life
• Good karma = reborn into a ______caste
• Bad karma = reborn into a ______caste
•Gave religious basis for the rigid caste system and ______to the lower castes
–The ultimate goal of human existence is achieve ______, or union with ______
–The way to achieve moksha is to fulfill one’s ______
•Dharma = (divine law) a person’s spiritual ______and obligations which they must follow to achieve ______
–Make a ______to a holy location
•Pilgrimage = ______journey
•For Hindus one of the most holy places they want to visit in their lifetime is the ______river, believe that the water is ______
•Believe that bathing in the Ganges will ______and remove some bad karma
Buddhism
•Founded in the 6th century BC by ______
–Later took the name of ______, which means “Enlightened One”
•His goal was to seek the cure for human ______
–Resolved to find a way to overcome age and sickness to keep people from having to ______
•Decided one must deny the reality of the ______world
–Pain, poverty, and sorrow are caused by ______to things of this world
•Achieving wisdom is a key step to achieving ______
–Nirvana = end of self and ______with the Great World Soul
–A state of perfect ______in which the ______will be free from suffering
•Eightfold Path = a series of steps that leads to ______
•Other beliefs
–Believe in ______
–Do not believe in the ______system
–Do not worship any ______, Buddha forbade followers to worship his ______