Spanish American War

The Cuban Rebellion Begins

Cuba colony of ______

______in Cuba made Spain wealthy (1/3 world’s sugar cane)

1868 Cuban rebels declare independence and launched ______

against Spanish authorities

Rebellion failed

Many leaders fled to ______

______brought together Cuban exiles and raised $ to launch 2nd invasion

New rebellion began in ______

Americans Support Cubans

1) Compared Cuba’s struggle to ______

2) ______- Sensationalist reporting where writers often

exaggerated or made up stories to attract readers

Dramatic stories of atrocities from New York Journal (______) and

New York World (______) led US citizens to side with Cubans

- only got info from Cuban sources (bias info)

3) General ______became the governor of Cuba

Nicknamed ‘______’

He forced Cuban villagers into ‘reconcentration camps to keep them

from aiding the rebels (1/3 died of starvation and disease)

Cubans suffered many casualties during the guerilla war

______troops sent over by Spain to end rebellion

4) de Lome letter

Spain’s minister to the US ridiculed ______for being weak

Americans were outraged at the insult

5) Explosion of the Maine

Maine battleship exploded in Cuban harbor on ______

Blamed on Spanish mine but could have been fire that ignited ammunition

Americans demanded ______after hearing this

April 19 Congress declared Cuba independent and demanded Spain withdraw

and ______

On ______Spain declared war on US

A War on Two Fronts

US Takes the Philippines

Philippines was a ______colony

US Navy attacked Spanish fleet in ______to keep them from traveling

east to attack US

Battle of Manilla Bay (______) –Commodore Dewey led squadron into Manilla Bay

– quick victory

Dewey contacted Filipino revolutionary leader ______

Wanted him to launch guerilla warfare to gain Filipino ______

Americans and Aguinaldo seized Philippine capital of ______

US not led Aguinaldo’s troops in and not recognize his rebel gov’t

Philippines surrendered on ______

American Forces Battle in Cuba

Most American died in ______due to unsanitary conditions causing

disease epidemics (2000 deaths)

______– mix of cowboys, minters and law officers who were

volunteer fighters

Second in Command = ______

July 1 – American troops attacked ______and ______

Rough Riders seize ______and then assisted the other group

in taking San Juan Hill

______– 1/ 4 troops African American

Spanish ships tried to flee harbor but on July 3 American warships guarding entrance

attacked them

Surrender of ______ended Spanish resistance

Aug 12 1898 – Spain agreed to cease fire

American Empire

Debate over what to do with newly acquired lands

______– said once Cuba was free the US would leave and

control of the island up to the Cuban people

US annexed ______and ______

What about the Philippines?

Reasons for Annexation:

1)

2)

3) Economic benefits – large market for trade, stop over on the way to

China for trade

4)

Reasons Against Annexation:

1) Competition from cheap Filipino labor drive down US wages

2)

3) Export oppression

Treaty of Paris – December 10 1898 Spain gave US Guam and PR

US pay Spain ______for Philippines

Cuba and Platt Amendment

US established ______in Cuba after war

McKinley wanted Cuba tied to the US

Cuba was allowed to create their own constitution with conditions

Platt Amendment said:

1) No treaty with another nation that weaken their independence

2)

3) Cuba keep debt low to prevent foreign countries from going

to Cuba to enforce payment

4)

Governing Puerto Rico

At first not US citizens which meant ______

______- gained citizenship

______– allowed to elect governor

Continued debate over allowing Puerto Rico to be admitted as a state or

continue as a commonwealth

Philippines

Filipinos furious over annexation

Fought for independence from Spain only to trade it for ______

Aguinaldo and other Filipino nationalist fought for ______years against US

Aguinaldo captured and told guerillas to surrender

US started giving Philippines more freedom

Vote for lower house

Elect both houses - 1916

Full independence - 1946