Classification: Unit Review Worksheet

Classification: Unit Review Worksheet

USING VOCABULARY

To complete the following sentences, choose the correct term from each pair of terms listed below, and write the term in the space provided.

1.Linnaeus founded the science of ______. (DNA analysis or taxonomy)

2. All of the organisms classified into a single kingdom are then divided into one of several ______. (phyla or classes)

3. The narrowest level of classification is the ______. (genus or species)

4. Linnaeus began naming organisms using ______. (two-part scientific names or evolutionary relationships)

5. Archaebacteria and eubacteria are ______. (prokaryotes or eukaryotes)

UNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS

Multiple Choice

6. When scientists classify organisms, they

a. arrange them in orderly groups.

b. give them many common names.

c. decide whether they are useful.

d. ignore evolutionary relationships.

7. When the seven levels of classification are listed from broadest to narrowest, which level is in the fifth position?

a. class

b. order

c. genus

d. family

8. The scientific name for the European white water lily is Nymphaea alba. What is the genus to which this plant belongs?

a. Nymphaea

b. alba

c. water lily

d. alba lily

9. “King Phillip Came Over For Good Spaghetti” is a mnemonic device that helps one remember

a. the scientific names of different organisms.

b. the six kingdoms.

c. the seven levels of classification.

d. the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

10. Most bacteria are classified in which kingdom?

a. Archaebacteria

b. Eubacteria

c. Protista

d. Fungi

11. What kind of organism thrives in hot springs and other extreme environments?

a. archaebacteria

b. eubacteria

c. protists

d. fungi

Short Answer

12. Why is the use of scientific names so important in biology?

13. List two kinds of evidence used by modern taxonomists to classify organisms.

14. Is a eubacteria a type of eukaryote? Explain your answer.

CONCEPT MAPPING

15. Use the following terms to create a concept map: kingdom, fern, lizard, Animalia, Fungi, algae, Protista, Plantae, mushroom.

CRITICAL THINKING AND PROBLEM SOLVING

Write one or two sentences to answer the following questions:

16. How are the levels of classification related to evolutionary relationships among organisms?

17. Explain why two species that belong to the same genus, such as white oak (Quercus alba) and cork oak (Quercus suber), also belong to the same family.

18. What characteristic do the members of all six kingdoms have in common?

INTERPRETING GRAPHICS

The diagram below illustrates the evolutionary relationships among several primates.

19. Which primate is the closest relative to the common ancestor of all primates?

20. Which primate shares the most traits with humans?

21. Do lemurs share the characteristics listed at point D with humans? Explain your answer.

22. What characteristic do baboons have that lemurs do not have? Explain your answer.

VOCABULARY

In your own words, write a definition for each of the following terms in the space provided.

·  classification –

·  kingdom –

·  species –

·  taxonomy –

·  dichotomous key –

UNIT HIGHLIGHTS

Complete the statements using key terms from the unit.

·  ______refers to the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities and evolutionary relationships.

·  Biologists classify organisms in order to organize the number and diversity of living things and to give them ______names.

·  The classification scheme used today is based on the work of Carolus ______.

·  Linnaeus founded the science of ______, in which organisms are described, named, and classified.

·  Modern classification schemes include ______relationships.

·  Today organisms are classified using a ______-level system or organization. The seven levels are kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.

·  The genus and ______of an organism compose it two-part scientific name.

·  A scientific name is always the same for a specific organism, no matter how many ______names it has.

·  ______keys help to identify organisms.

·  At first, living things were classified as either plants or ______. As scientists discovered more about living things and discovered more organisms, new kingdoms were added that were more descriptive than the old two-kingdom system.

·  Most biologists recognize ______kingdoms – Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia.

·  Bacteria are ______, single-celled organisms that do not contain nuclei. The organisms of all other kingdoms are eukaryotes, organisms that have cells with nuclei.

·  ______have been on Earth for about 3 billion years and can live where most other organisms cannot survive.

·  Most bacteria are eubacteria and live almost everywhere. Some are harmful, and some are ______.

·  Plants, most fungi, and animals are complex ______organisms. Plants perform photosynthesis. Fungi break down material outside their body and then absorb the nutrients. Animals eat food, which is digested inside their body.