QUESTIONNAIRE for Member States
ASSESSING ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CONTROL MEASURES FOR PRIORITY SUBSTANCES (PS) INCLUDING PRIORITY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES (PHS) AND PRIORITY SUBSTANCES UNDER REVIEW
The European Commission - DG Environment
Directorate D – Water & Environmental Programmes
ENV.D.2 – Water & Marine
April 2004
aim of the questionnaire
In the framework of the Water Framework Directive (WFD), the European Commission needs to identify the appropriate cost-effective and proportionate level and combination of product and process controls for both point and diffuse sources for priority substances. For the priority substances, the Commission shall submit proposals of specific measures for:
- the progressive reduction of discharges, emissions and losses of priority substances, and in particular
- for the priority hazardous substances: the cessation or phasing-out of discharges, emissions and losses
In this framework, ECOLAS carries out an economic impact study to identify and evaluate:
- direct costs and benefits: quantitative impact;
- indirect costs and benefits: qualitative impact;
for progressive reduction of discharges, emissions and losses of priority substances in direct discharges by point sources into surface waters or sewers and cessation or phasing-out of discharges, emissions and losses of priority hazardous substances by all sources. This impact study is performed taking into account several policy options and for the whole of Europe (MemberStates and Accession Countries).
By ‘MemberState’ we mean those states that are member of the EU on the 1st of May 2004. By Accession Countries we mean those states that are currently negotiating accession to the EU (Bulgaria and Romania).
This questionnaire is directed in particular the EU Member States Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta and to the Accession Countries Bulgaria and Romania.
In order to do so, we ask for the co-operation of all MemberStates and Accession Countries to provide us with available information on current emission data, activity levels, emission reduction measures and related costs. This information can consist in the form of reports, datasets, weblinks where such data are stored, or specific answers to the questions contained in the questionnaire. We are aware that Member states are in the process of compiling information on pressures and impacts and certain economic data under Article 5 of the Water Framework Directive, which are due to be reported in 2005. However, as some of these data and preliminary findings would be very valuable for the purpose of the economic impact assessment for the forthcoming Commission proposal on priority substances, some targeted questions are included.
MemberStates and Accession Countries are invited to answer the questions as far as feasible in the timeframe given. We apologize for the short time given for responses, but the urgency is due to the importance of presenting a Commission proposal under article 16 of the Water Framework Directive in 2004.
content of the questionnaire
1.Contact persons
2.List of priority substances, including priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review
3.Industry sectors under consideration
4.Current emission situation
5.Emission reduction measures and associated costs
6.Treatment of urban wastewater
7.Current chemical status of surface waters
confidentiality
All information, given in the framework of this study, will be used anonymously. No information, indicated by its provider as being confidential, will be traceable in the final report. The information gathered will not be used for commercial aims and will be used exclusively in the framework of this study.
Questions?
Contact ECOLAS:
- Annick Van Hyfte for information on products, processes, emissions, emission reduction measurements: +32 9 253 48 68 or
- Karl Van Biervliet for economic aspects : +32 9 253 48 68 or
IMPORTANT !
Following documents can be sent to us:
- The completed questionnaire;
- Copies of all relevant studies concerning emission data, emission reduction potentials, production and consumption data, general statistical data;
Also studies and data in the language of the MemberState are welcome.
Please send all documents before the 12th of May to:
ECOLAS N.V.
Annick Van Hyfte
Rijvisschestraat 118 - bus 3
B-9052 Gent
Belgium
Tel : +32 9 253 48 68
Fax : +32 9 253 48 58
Thank you for your co-operation !
1Contact persons
Please indicate below the name and co-ordinates of the person who will be the key contact person for potential further questions and clarifications with regard to the provided data for your country :
NAME :
INSTITUTION :
FUNCTION :
ADRESS STREET AND NUMBER :
ZIP-CODE :
CITY :
COUNTRY :
TELEPHONE :
MOBILE :
FAX :
E-MAIL :
Please indicate below the name and coordinates of a possible back-up for the key contact person :
NAME :
INSTITUTION / COMPANY :
FUNCTION :
ADRESS STREET AND NUMBER :
ZIP-CODE :
CITY :
COUNTRY :
TELEPHONE :
MOBILE :
FAX :
E-MAIL :
2List of priority substances, including priority hazardous substances (*) and priority substances under review (**)
2.1Please identify for each priority substance whether this substance is being produced, used or discharged to water by point sources in your country. For the priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review, please specify discharge to the compartments water (specify point or non-point sources), air and soil.
Use the following signs in the table to indicate:
- YES: Y
- NO: N
- DON’T KNOW:?
Nr [1] / Priority substances / Produced / Used / Discharge to water by point sources
1 / Alachlor
4 / Benzene
8 / Chlorfenvinphos
10 / 1,2-Dichlorethane
11 / Dichloromethane
15 / Fluoranthene
23 / Nickel and its compounds
32 / Trichloromethane (Chloroform)
Nr 1 / Priority hazardous substances (*) and priority substances under review (**) / Produced / Used / Emissions to / Release to
Water / Air / Soil
Point sources / Non-point sources
2 / Anthracene (**)
3 / Atrazine (**)
5 / Brominated diphenylethers
– Pentabromobiphenylether (*)
6 / Cadmium and its compounds (*)
7 / C10-13-chloroalkanes (*)
9 / Chlorpyrifos (**)
12 / Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) (**)
13 / Diuron (**)
14 / Endosulfan (**)
- (alpha-endosulfan) (**)
16 / Hexachlorobenzene (*)
17 / Hexachlorobutadiene (*)
18 / Hexachlorocyclohexane (*)
– (gamma-isomer, Lindane)
19 / Isoproturon (**)
20 / Lead and its compounds (**)
21 / Mercury and its compounds (*)
22 / Naphthalene (**)
24 / Nonylphenols (*)
- (4-(para)-nonylphenol) (*)
25 / Octylphenols (**)
- (para-tert-octylphenol) (**)
26 / Pentachlorobenzene (*)
27 / Pentachlorophenol (**)
28 / Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (*)
- (Benzo(a)pyrene)
- (Benzo(b)fluoranthene)
- (Benzo(g,h,i)perylene)
- (Benzo(k)fluoranthene)
- (Ideno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
29 / Simazine (**)
30 / Tributyltin compounds (*) - (Tributyltin-cation)
31 / Trichlorobenzenes (**)
33 / Trifluralin (**)
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2.2Some substances are currently being regulated by Directive 86/280/EEC. In order to be able to assess the impact of a possible review and repeal of the controls included in Directive 86/280/EEC, we ask you to please indicate whether the following substances are still produced and/or used in your country. Please use the same ‘symbols’ as in question 2.1.
Substances / Produced / UsedDDT
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Isodrin
Endrin
Trichloroethylene (TRI)
Perchloroethylene (PER)
Carbon tetrachloride
3Industry sectors under consideration
3.1The following list indicates the main industrial sectors and specific (sub)sectors, being the subject of this study. Please indicate in the following list, whether these industrial sectors deploy activities in your country (indicate the existing sectors with an ‘X’ in the last column)
Industrial sector under consideration / IPPC code / Activities in your countryCrop protection industry / 4.4
- Synthesis of active ingredients
- Formulation of pesticides
Chemical industry
- Production of large volume organic compounds
- Production of fine chemicals
- Production of fertilisers
Refineries / 1.2
Chlor-alkali industry / 4.2 a
Metal industry
- Production of iron and steel
- Production of non-ferrous metals
- Surface treatment of metals (galvanising, degreasing, …)
Pulp and paper industry / 6.1
Pharmaceutical industry / 4.5
Wood treatment / 6.7
Waste (water) treatment and recycling / 5
Drinking water production / -
Plastics manufacturing / 4.1
Plastics converting / -
Textile industry / 6.2
Tanning / 6.3
3.2Are you aware of any other industry sector that is responsible for the discharge of significant amounts of priority substances, including priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review? If so, please indicate (sub)sector and substances concerned.
4Current emission situation
Please take into account that we are in the ability to consult the EPER database. As such, it is not needed to provide us with these data. On the other hand, specifically existing information under the form of reports & data regarding non-IPPC sources and emissions under the EPER threshold[2] are valuable.
4.1. / Discharge TO WATER BY POINT SOURCESCould you provide us with existing studies / data on the direct discharge to water by point sources of the priority substances including priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review for each or some of the (sub)sectors that are the subject of this study:
4.1.1 / Total or average quantity of wastewater discharged for each (sub)sector – if possible as a function of company size (IPPC vs non-IPPC, cf Annex I of the IPPC Directive 96/61/EC):
- Can be expressed as a specific discharge (m³/unit of production)
- Please indicate whether differences exist between IPPC companies and non-IPPC companies
- Please indicate whether differences exist as a function of applied production process
4.1.2 / Total quantity of wastewater directly discharged to surface water for each sector
4.1.3 / Total quantity of wastewater discharged to the sewer system
4.1.4 / Total quantity of wastewater undergoing treatment in a wastewater treatment plant prior to discharge
4.1.5 / Discharge of priority substances including priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review for each (sub)sector - if possible as a function of company size (IPPC and non-IPPC)
Discharge can be expressed as total quantity, concentration or specific discharge as a function of the production level
As an alternative for sending us available studies, please fill out the table on the next pages:
- The first and second columns indicate the sectors under consideration
- In the third column, please indicate, per (sub)sector, the average discharge of wastewater per year (m³/year) or the average discharge of wastewater per tonnage of production (m³/tonne)
- In the following columns, please indicate the discharge of a specific substance per (sub)sector per year and the year to which the data apply.
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Discharged by point sources to water / IPPC code / Wastewater dischargem³/yr or m³/tonne / Discharge (kg/yr) YEAR :______
Alachlor (nr.1)1 / Anthracene (nr. 2)1 / Atrazine (nr. 3)1 / Benzene (nr. 4)1 / PBDE (nr. 5)1 / Cd (nr. 6)1 / SCCP (nr. 7)1 / Chlorfenvinphos(nr. 8)1 / Chlorpyrifos (nr. 9)1 / Dichloroethane (nr. 10)1 / Dichloromethane (nr. 11)1 / DEHP (nr. 12)1 / Diuron (nr. 13)1 / Endosulfan (nr. 14)1 / Fluoranthene (nr. 15)1 / Hexachlorobenzene(nr. 16)1 / Hexachlorobutadiene(nr. 17)1
Crop protection products
Synthesis
Formulation / 4.4
Chemical
LVOC
Fine chemicals
Fertilisers / 4.1
4.1/4.2
4.3
Refineries / 1.2
Chlor-alkali / 4.2
Metal
Iron & steel
Non-ferrous
Surface treatment / 2.1/2.2
2.5
2.6
Pulp and paper / 6.1
Pharmaceutical / 4.5
Wood treatment / 6.7
Drinking water / -
Waste water
Plastics manufacturing / 5
4.1
Plastics converting / -
Textile / 6.2
Tanning / 6.3
Waste treatment
Incineration
Landfill / 5.2
5.4
Discharged by point sources to water / IPPC code / Wastewater discharge
m³/yr or m³/tonne / Discharge (kg/yr) YEAR : _____
Hexachlorocyclohexane(nr. 18)1 / Isoproturon(nr. 19)1 / Pb(nr. 20)1 / Hg(nr. 21)1 / Naphthalene(nr. 22)1 / Ni(nr. 23)1 / Nonylphenols(nr. 24)1 / Octylphenols(nr. 25)1 / Pentachlorobenzene(nr. 26)1 / Pentachlorphenol(nr. 27)1 / PAH(nr. 28)1 / Simazine(nr. 29)1 / Tributyltin (nr. 30)1 / Trichlorobenzenes(nr. 31)1 / Trichloromethane(nr. 32)1 / Trifluralin(nr. 33)1
Crop protection products
Synthesis
Formulation / 4.4
Chemical
LVOC
Fine chemicals
Fertilisers / 4.1
4.1/4.2
4.3
Refineries / 1.2
Chlor-alkali / 4.2
Metal
Iron & steel
Non-ferrous
Surface treatment / 2.1/2.2
2.5
2.6
Pulp and paper / 6.1
Pharmaceutical / 4.5
Wood treatment / 6.7
Drinking water / -
Waste water
Plastics manufacturing / 5
4.1
Plastics converting / -
Textile / 6.2
Tanning / 6.3
Waste treatment
Incineration
Landfill / 5.2
5.4
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4..2 / Discharge TO WATER BY NON-POINT SOURCES AND TO AIR AND SOILDischarge of priority hazardous substances or priority substances under review to water by non-point sources and to the compartments air and soil
Could you provide us with existing studies / data on the current emission of priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review to water by non-point sources and to the compartmentsair[3] and soil for each of the (sub)sectors that are the subject of this study :
4.2.1 / Discharge of priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review for each (sub)sector - if possible as a function of company size (IPPC vs. non-IPPC plants)
- Discharge can be expressed as total quantity, concentration or specific discharge as a function of the production level
5Emission reduction measures and associated costs
This chapter of the questionnaire deals with the degree of implementation or the potential to implement emission reduction measures and the associated cost. Please provide available data on the following topics :
5.1 / What is the share of the companies in each (sub)sector that are already applying BAT-like emission reduction measures - if possible as a function of company size (IPPC vs. non-IPPC)5.2 / Has your country imposed emission limit values for the discharge to water by point sources of certain priority substances including priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review for some or all of the industry sectors?
5.2.1 / If yes, please provide us with an overview of the applicable emission limit values for each industry sector.
5.2.2 / Has a technical and/or economic study been made considering the attainability of such emission limit values for each industry sector? If yes, please provide us with a copy of such existing studies.
5.3 / Possibilities for further reduction of the emission of priority substances including priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review to water by point sources include end-of-pipe measures as well as process modifications, change in use of raw materials and substitution
The study ‘Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes’ (B3-4305/2000/293861/MAR/E1) defines ‘substitution’ as the replacement or reduction of hazardous substances in products and processes by less hazardous or non-hazardous substances, or by achieving an equivalent functionality via technological or organisational measures.
Have studies been made regarding the possibilities for further reduction of the discharge to water by point sources of priority substances including priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review for specific (sub)sectors and that address aspects like reduction potential, associated cost and economic impact? If yes, please provide us with a copy of such existing studies.
5.4 / In case your country has established or is in the process of establishing environmental quality standards for the priority substances, including priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review
5.4.1 / Can you provide us with an overview of the priority substances, including priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review, for which your country has set environmental quality standards + the applicable EQS?
5.4.2 / Has an economic assessment of the impact of setting these quality standards been made? If yes, could you please provide us with the results of this economic assessment.
5.5 / Have studies been made regarding the possibilities for further reduction of the emissions to water by non-point sources or the emissions to air or soil of priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review for specific (sub)sectors and that address aspects like reduction potential, associated cost, economic impact, … ? If yes, please provide us with a copy of such existing studies.[4]
6treatment of urban waste water
We would also like to get an overview of the current and future situation of urban wastewater treatment and stormwater/combined sewer overflows in your country. Could you provide us with existing studies / data with regard to :
6.1 / Industry connection to sewers (number of companies, total discharge by industrial sector to sewers, contribution of industrial discharge to total p.e. treated, …) + (if available) share of industry connected to sewer having prior pretreatment on site.6.2 / Connection rate of sewer system to UWWT plants – current situation and expected future evolution
6.3 / Configuration of UWWT plants in your country : number of plants with primary, secondary and tertiary treatment + number of p.e. connected to each type of treatment – current situation and expected future evolution
6.4 / Configuration of the sewer network in your country : share of combined and separate sewer systems, connection rate of combined and separate sewers to UWWT plants – current situation and expected future evolution
6.5 / Discharge of priority substances including priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review through UWWT plants in your country.
Discharge can be expressed as total quantity, concentration or specific discharge as a function of the connected p.e.
6.6 / Has your country imposed emission limit values for the discharge of certain priority substances including priority hazardous substances and priority substances under review for UWWT plants?
6.6.1 / If yes, please provide us with an overview of the applicable emission limit values
6.6.2 / Has a technical and/or economic study been made considering the attainability of such emission limit values for each industry sector? If yes, please provide us with a copy of such studies.
6.7 / Studies on average discharge through stormwater and/or combined sewer overflows on a yearly basis or share of wastewater from sewer systems that is discharged trough stormwater and/or combined sewer overflows.
6.8 / Applicable design criteria for stormwater and combined sewer overflows : retention volume, required minimum design spill frequency, …
7Current Chemical Status of surface waters
7.1 The following table shows the Annual Average Quality Standards (AAQS) in water for each priority substance, priority hazardous substance and priority substance under review (in the latest version of 010304 of the EQS datasheets available on CIRCA and currently subject to consultation of the CSTEE).
Please indicate in this table for each priority substance, priority hazardous substance and priority substance under review:
-the percentage of the water bodies exceeding the AAQS indicated;
-the tendency over time of the average concentration in the waterbodies in your country (increasing or decreasing);
-whether the concentration is not measured (thick the ‘NM’ column);
-if monitoring data are submitted to EEA (European Environmental Agency) or Eurowaternet please check the foreseen box (last column of the following table). In that case you do not need to fill out this table.
Nr1 / AAQS[5] / Percentage of the water bodies exceeding AAQS / Tendency of concentration in the waterbodies in your country / NM[6] / EEA / Euro-waternetµg/l / Increasing / Decreasing
1 / Alachlor / 0,25
2 / Anthracene** / (a) 0.063
(b) 0.0063[7]
3 / Atrazine** / 0,6
4 / Benzene / 1,7
5 / Brominated diphenylether
-Pentabromo-diphenylether* / (a) 0,0005;
(b) 0,00018
6 / Cadmium* / No overall QS can be given [8]
7 / Chlorinated alkanes* / (a) 0,41;
(b) 0,1
8 / Chlorfenvinphos / 0,06
9 / Chlorpyrifos** / 0,03
10 / 1,2-dichloroethane / 10
11 / Dichloromethane / 20
12 / DEHP** / 1,3
13 / Diuron** / 0,2
14 / Endosulfan**
- alpha-endosulfan** / (a) 0.005
(b) 0.0005
15 / Fluoranthene / 0,09
16 / Hexachlorobenzene* / 0,0004
17 / Hexachlorobutadiene* / 0,003
18 / Hexachlorocyclohexane*
- Lindane / (a) 0,042;
(b) 0,01
(a) 0,02;
(b) 0,002
19 / Isoproturon** / 0,32
20 / Lead** / 0,4 (dissolved Pb)
21 / Mercury* / No overall QS can be given [9]
22 / Naphthalene** / (a) 2,4;
(b) 1,2
23 / Nickel / 1,7
24 / Nonylphenols*
- 4-paranonylphenol* / (a) 0,33;
(b) 0,033
25 / Octylphenols**
- para-tert-octylphenol** / 0,061
26 / Pentachlorobenzene* / (a) 0,0032;
(b) 0,00032
27 / Pentachlorophenol** / 0,22
28 / PAH*
-benzo(a)anthracene
- benzo(a)pyrene
- benzo(b)fluoranthene
- benzo(g,h,i)perylene
- benzo(k)fluoranthene
- indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene / 0,05/0,03
0,03
0,0016
0,03
0,0016
29 / Simazine** / 0,7
30 / Tributyltin*
- tributyltin cation / 0,0001
31 / Trichlorobenzenes** / 0,4
32 / Trichloromethane / 12
33 / Trifluralin** / 0,03
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