Name______Class______Date______
Assessment
Chapter Test B
Biodiversity
MATCHING
Write the letter of the term or phrase that best matches the description.
_____1.number and variety of species on Earth
_____2.illegal hunting
_____3.any species that is essential to the health of an ecosystem
_____4.tourist experiences among life forms and ecosystems
_____5.species with a declining population that could become endangered
_____6.plan to protect one or more species in large tract of land
_____7.segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait
_____8.any species likely to become extinct if it is not protected
_____9.treaty drawn up at the Earth Summit to protect species diversity
_____ 10. storage for germ cells of organisms that may become endangered
MULTIPLE CHOICE
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question.
_____ 11. An endangered species is
a.a species in danger of extinction.
b.a plant growing on public land.
c.an organism brought to a place where it has not lived before.
d.a species that has disappeared entirely.
_____ 12. Many more species are estimated to exist than the 1.9 million known to science. To which groups, do most of the unknown species belong?
a.mammals and trees c. protozoans and algae
b.bacteria and plants d. insects and fungi
Chapter Test B continued
_____ 13. Which would be most effective in slowing the loss of biodiversity?
a.freezing fertilized eggs of endangered animals in case these species become extinct in the wild
b.setting aside small plots of land in a variety of ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, and marshes
c.creating large parks/preserves in biodiversity hotspots
d.requiring every country to maintain a seed bank
_____ 14. In what part of the world are the greatest number of extinctions occurring?
a.in tropical rain forests
b.in deserts
c.in the Arctic
d.in Europe and the United States
_____ 15. The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)
a.is known for trying to save endangered species through dramatic, attention-grabbing protests.
b.is an organization of multinational corporations united to fight conservation efforts.
c.is a collaboration of about 200 governmental agencies and 700 private conservation groups from around the world.
d.was disbanded after the Earth Summit of 1992.
_____ 16. The fact that organisms are adapted to survive in particular environments helps to explain why
a.captive-breeding programs are often ineffective.
b.non-native plant species never flourish in new areas.
c.habitat destruction accounts for most extinctions.
d.compromise is impossible on environmental issues.
_____ 17. Reintroducing the gray wolf in certain areas of the northwestern U.S.
a.is beneficial for all those working in that area.
b.creates a mutualist interaction between wolves and elks.
c.is in accordance with the U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973.
d.discourages hunters from hunting other animals.
_____ 18. Which of the following would not be illegal under the Endangered Species Act?
a.capturing a wild animal listed as a threatened species for exhibition in a zoo, provided the animal was well cared for
b.digging up an endangered plant in your backyard and selling it
c.destroying the habitat of an endangered plant during the building of a federal highway
d.having a permit to capture an endangered species for research
Chapter Test B continued
SHORT ANSWER
Write the answers to the following questions in the spaces provided.
19.Why are biologists uncertain about how many species are living on Earth?
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20.What are the two main benefits of protecting entire ecosystems rather than individual species of plants or animals?
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21.Explain how exotic species threaten ecosystems.
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22.Discuss how efforts to preserve endangered species can lead to conflicts.
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CRITICAL THINKING
23.Some conservationists feared that a complete ban on ivory sales would cause an increase in the poaching of elephants. However, poaching decreased after the ban. Why do you think the complete ban was more effective than limiting ivory sales?
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ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT
24.A large percentage of media coverage of environmental issues focuses on pollution’s harm to Earth and human health. Write an editorial for your school newspaper or school video network that gives your opinion as to whether the extinction of species is as critical an environmental problem as pollution. Include your vision of the future of Earth if the problem is not addressed.
Chapter Test B continued
CONCEPT MAPPING
25.In each blank circle, write the name of the organism from the box that corresponds to the specific threat in the list. Then draw a line from each of the specific threats to the corresponding general threat in the middle of the diagram.