Name______Grade ______Period ______

Water Blaster Engineering Design Challenge

200pts.

Assignment / Points Possible / Points Earned
  1. Controlled Experiment
/ 50
  1. Research Poster: Super soaker design and history
/ 25
  1. Research Bernoulli’s Principle
/ 25
  1. Pressure calculations, graph practice, and percentages
/ 50
  1. Engineering Design Challenge
/ 50
  1. Controlled experiment

SQ: How does the amount of water affect the launch distance of the super soaker?

Prediction: (if, then, b/c)

Variables:

IV:

DV:

Controls (3):

Materials: water, super soaker, graduated cylinder, meter stick

Procedure: (as reviewed in class)

Data table:

Title ______

Graph:

Analysis:

Claim / Evidence

Conclusion:

  1. Research Poster: Super soaker design and history
  1. Each quarter of the poster must contain 5 facts from the text summarizing the articles.
  2. All parts of the poster must be colored and in large font for hanging readability.
  3. No spelling errors/ group member names and group go on the back of the poster.
  4. Each side must include the proper title of the article and one diagram or picture explaining the importance of the article.
  1. Research Bernoulli’s Principle:
  2. He added to the work of which other famous scientist:
  1. What did he study in Venice?
  2. Hydrodynamica is the study of what?
  1. How are air and water different? Draw a diagram to support your answer:
  1. Explain the air pressure above and below the wing of an airplane:
  1. Explain the speed of the air above and below an airplane wing:
  1. Define the following terms in your own words:

Bernoulli Principle: In fluid dynamics, Bernoulli's principle states that for an inviscid flow, an increase in the speed of the fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy. Named after Dutch-Swiss mathematician Daniel Bernoulli who published his principle in his book Hydrodynamica in 1738. Also called the Bernoulli effect.

Inviscid flow: Flow in which one can ignore the effects of fluid viscosity.

streamline: A line tangent to the flow of a fluid at any given instant.

Venturi effect: The reduction in fluid pressure that results when a fluid flows through a constricted section of pipe. As a fluid's velocity increases, its pressure decreases, and vice versa. Named after Italian physicist Giovanni Battista Venturi (1746–1822).

Bernoulli Principle:

Inviscid flow:

Streamline:

Venturi effect:

  1. As a class we will fill in the chart below:

Variable / Measurement / units
p or (d) / density
V
t
P
h or x or y / Height/distance
a (due to gravity)
  1. Explain the role of each Super Soaker component:

Water Reservoir
Air Reservoir
Pump Handle
First Valve
Second Valve
Nozzle
  1. Pressure Calculations

Let’s practice one together first. Assume that for your first data point, the height of the table was 0.800 m, and the water travelled 1.50 m from the edge of the table. Find the initial velocity of the water as it leaves the nozzle. Discuss strategies with your group, and then show your work in the space below:

  1. X2=X1+V (t) +1/2(a) (t2)
  1. X=V (t)

For the example problem given above, find the water pressure inside the water launcher the pressure outside the launcher (P2) is the atmospheric pressure, or approximately 101,000 Pa, the density is the density of water (1000kg/m3).

  1. P1= ½ (d) (v) 2+P2
  1. Water is flowing in a fire hose with a velocity of 1.0 m/s and a pressure of 200000 Pa. At the nozzle the pressure decreases to atmospheric pressure (101300 Pa), there is no change in height. Use the Bernoulli equation to calculate the velocity of the water exiting the nozzle. (Hint: The density of water is 1000 kg/m3 and gravity g is 9.8 m/s2. Pay attention to units!)]
  1. Through a refinery, fuel ethanol is flowing in a pipe at a velocity of 1 m/s and a pressure of 101300 Pa. The refinery needs the ethanol to be at a pressure of 2 atm (202600 Pa) on a lower level. How far must the pipe drop in height in order to achieve this pressure? Assume the velocity does not change. (Hint: Use the Bernoulli equation. The density of ethanol is 789 kg/m3 and gravity g is 9.8 m/s2. Pay attention to units!)
  1. Sonia bought a new SuperSoaker® water gun and went out to test the effect that the number of pumps had on the distance the water would shoot. She was convinced that the more times she pumped the water gun, the further the water would shoot. The data she gathered is in the table below.

Does her evidence support her claim? Explain?

How could Sonia determine the launch distance of 70 pumps without retesting?

# of pumps / distance in inches
0 / 0
5 / 55
10 / 101
15 / 123
20 / 169
25 / 184
30 / 206
35 / 221
40 / 227
45 / 245
50 / 242
55 / 245
60 / 247
  1. Calculate the amount of water and percent of water shot out on each trial based on the number of pumps in the table below. Hint the amount of water is dependent on the number of pumps and with 60 pumps 100% of the water is expelled. The launcher can hold 750mL of water.

# of pumps / Amount of water (milliliters) / Percent of water shot out
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
  1. Water Blaster: Engineering Design Challenge

Which group can design a water blaster to launch water the farthest?

Constraints: Max Size 30cmx30cmx30cm

Must be made out of all upcycled materials with the exception of tape and glue.

Will be expected to hold 200mL of water.

Materials: What is it? / Where are you getting it?

6 STEPS Explaining how your WATER BLASTER WORKS

In the space below sketch a label diagram of your water blaster: BE SURE TO LABEL THE MATERIALS BEING USED AND MEASURMENTS OF THE DIMENSIONS (LXW XH) in centimeters. This can be an actual size drawing or a 1:2 scale drawing it is your choice be sure to label scale factor appropriately next to your title.

SQ: Which groups design will launch the farthest distance?

IV:

DV:

Control variables (3):

Data table:

Graph:

Analysis:

Claim / Evidence

Reflection:

  1. What was the biggest challenge of this project?
  1. How did you and your group overcome this challenge?
  1. What were two things you learned doing this project?