A. Sauro, A00313715INST 6730 Lesson Plan Week #10

Week 10 Lesson Plan

KC-10 Engine Run using an Aircraft Simulator

Target Audience

Adult Learners

KC-10 Aircraft Military Maintenance personnel

Learner Characteristics

The learner’s are new to the military and have not performed an Engine Run an on a KC-10 aircraft.

Facilities/Equipment/Tools Required

KC-10 Aircraft Simulator

Class Time

2 hrs

Materials Required

1C-10(K)A-2-2-1External Power

1C-10(K)A-2-36-1External Air

1C-10(K)A-2-49CL-1APU Operation

1C-10(K)A-2-71Power Plant

1C-10(K)A-2-71CLEngine Ground Operation Checklist

Instructional Methods

Demonstration/Performance

Objective

In the KC-10 Aircraft Simulator, with a KC-10 Course Book and a Power Plant Ground Operations Checklist, participate in an Instructor Guided Review (IGR) of General Safety Requirements; Equipment Operation; Aircraft Systems Operation; and Ground Engine Operating Procedures. Demonstrate required knowledge of procedures by completing a hands-on run through of the checklist procedures for a KC-10 Engine Run.

Instructional Guidance

Take 4 students into the KC-10 Simulator at a time. In the simulator, with a Power Plant Ground Operations Checklist, accomplish the cockpit procedures for normal engine run operation. Perform both the pilot (left seat) and flight engineer procedures for the students. Included in this lesson plan are the procedures for each of the operators as guidance for the instructor. Always refer back to the appropriate Technical Manuals that the students will be using in case of changes. Make sure to cover each of the following sections before beginning the checklist items.

CREW REQUIREMENTS

A minimum of four persons are required for engine ground operation.

To facilitate communications and coordination, these position titles will be used:

(P) PILOT – Must be engine run qualified. The Pilot is the Run Supervisor and is responsible for the overall operation. Many times engine operation procedures will be accomplished in support of other job requirements. In any case, the Run Supervisor must ensure that there will be no compromise with safety.

(FE) FLIGHT ENGINEER – Must be engine run qualified. The FE reads all required checklists and performs all procedures required at this position.

(CP) COPILOT – Operates radios to maintain contact with the control tower and appropriate ground agencies. Monitors for aircraft movement and guards the aircraft brakes. Also monitors outside activities for potential hazards.

(GO) GROUND OBSERVER – Monitors activities in the aircraft vicinity and observes engine operation. Must maintain communication with the crew compartment and be prepared to follow the Run Supervisor’s orders.

STARTING LIMITATIONS

EGT

N1 RPM

OIL PRESSURE

STARTER

OPERATING LIMITATIONS

N1 RPM

N2 RPM

EGT

OIL PRESSURE MINIMUMS

OIL TEMP MAXIMUM

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

BATTERY

CENTER of GRAVITY

FUEL FLOW

PNEUMATIC PRESSURE

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE

OIL PRESSURE

COWLING

EXTERTAL PRESTART CHECKS

INTERNAL PRESTART CHECKS

TEAM BRIEFING

FLIGHT ENGINEER POSITION

PILOT POSITION

CO-PILOT POSITION

ENGINE STARTING PROCEDURES

Refer to the KC-10 manuals for the Engine Run checklist and perform an engine run through a step by step process.

ENGINE SHUTDOWN PROCEDURES

Refer to the KC-10 manuals for the Engine Shutdown checklist and perform the shutdown procedures through a step by step process.

Evaluation Method

Inside the simulator, with a Power Plant Ground Operations Checklist have students accomplish the cockpit procedures for normal engine run and shutdown operation. Perform both the pilot (left seat) and flight engineer procedures. Each procedure must be accomplished unassisted, without error.

  1. Pre-start
  2. Start
  3. Stabilized Idle
  4. Shutdown

When the evaluation is completed give the student a fill in the blank written Lesson Exercise. They are able to use their KC-10 manuals for reference while working on the exercise.

LESSON EXERCISE

Complete this exercise using the lesson text for reference.

  1. During start do not allow the EGT to exceed 750 deg for more than ____ seconds.
  2. The start may be made with the EGT above _____, but no higher than _____ degrees.
  3. The N1 maximum operating limit is _____ %.
  4. The N2 maximum operating limit is _____ %.
  5. N2 rpm above 90% is limited to _____ minutes.
  6. The EGT maximum operating limit is _____ degrees.
  7. EGT above 910 deg is limited to _____ minutes.
  8. EGT above 945 deg is limited to _____ minutes.
  9. Minimum oil pressure for ground idle is ___psi and above flight idle is___psi.
  10. The maximum allowable oil temperature is _____ deg.During start move the fuel lever to ON at _____ % N2.
  11. Light-off should occur within ___ seconds after the fuel lever is moved to ON.
  12. The start switch should release when the N2 rpm reaches ____ %. To ____%
  13. After starting operate the engine at ground idle for _____ minutes, to allow temperatures to stabilize before advancing the throttle to higher thrust levels.
  14. After the engine stabilizes at ground idle the oil pressure should be ____ to ____ psi.
  15. Before shutdown operate the engine at ground idle for a minimum of ____ minutes.
  16. During pre start the battery voltage must be ______volts minimum.
  17. Prior to lightoff normal fuel flow is _____ to _____ pph.
  18. For engine start pneumatic pressure should indicate _____ to _____ psi.
  19. The starter is limited to ____ minutes of continuous operation and must be cooled for at least ____ seconds for each minute of operation.
  20. Following two ___ minute cycles the starter requires a ___ minute cooling period.
  21. Prior to start fuel pressure should be _____psi (minimum) for wing engines and ____ psi (minimum) for aft engine.
  22. Engine run crews will maintain radio contact with ground control at all times during the run operation on UHF ______or VHF ______.
  23. Prior to any engine run, the 781A red “X” entry for the inspection of engine ______,______and ______will be cleared.
  24. Ensure there is a FOD free area at least ______feet around the engine inlets before operation.
  25. Ensure ______empty parking spots are clear behind the aircraft for engine run operations above flight idle.
  • The technology involved in performing this lesson is quite amazing. The lesson plan itself doesn’t use much technology but having the student perform an aircraft Engine Run and Shutdown procedures inside a simulator is close to performing it on the real thing. The simulator is so much like the real aircraft cockpit that it has all the same the switches, lights, and functions. A student can run through the checklist and perform the required procedures without the fear of endangering lives or multimillion dollar aircraft. The instructor has the opportunity to take extra time with a student if they are having trouble interpreting the KC-10 Manuals. The best way to teach this lesson is inside the simulator. The instructor can briefly cover the upfront safety precautions and team briefings and then move onto performing the checklist items.