Religion 11

Introduction to Religion:

Buddhism, Christianity, and Society

Fall 2007

MW 12:30 – 1:50

Chapin 201

Professors: Robert Doran, Chapin 206

542-2338; Office hours: Wed. 11 a.m. – 12 p.m., or by appointment

Maria Heim, Chapin 207

542-8475;

Office hours: Mon. 3:30 p.m. – 4 p.m.

Wed. 11 a.m. – 12 p.m.

or by appointment

Course Description

This course offers an initial exposure to the methods, aims, and results of the academic study of religion. The course familiarizes students with the basic history and doctrines of two major religious traditions (Buddhism and Christianity), and focuses on a theme that can be productively explored in relation to both traditions: the relation between religion or religious communities and the societies and cultures in which they find themselves.

Both Buddhism and Christianity contain, in their textual sources and early histories, rich and sometimes conflicting resources for construing and constructing this relationship. Both traditions began with charismatic founders who established small followings of committed disciples. These early sectarian movements often found themselves at odds with the larger social and political orders of which they were a part. But with time both traditions became the official religions of empires, and eventually came to extend across national, cultural and historical boundaries, taking on different forms in different locations.

This course explores ways in which both of these traditions have found themselves in various and contrasting relationships with the social, economic, and political institutions of their respective historical and cultural contexts. In particular, in what ways have Buddhist and Christian communities defined themselves in opposition to the world, in harmony with it, as transforming it, or as transcending it? How might these patterns be studied comparatively to deepen our understanding of these traditions and, more generally, the role of religion in human life?

Course Materials

The following textbooks are required for the course and available at the Jeffrey Amherst Bookstore. They are also available on reserve at Frost Library.

In the Buddha’s Words, by Bhikkhu Bodhi

Christianity, by Brian Wilson

Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory, by Randall Baumer

When Time Shall Be No More, by Paul Boyer

Sacred Canopy, by Peter Berger

In addition to the textbooks, a required course reader will be available for purchase

at the Religion Department (Chapin 108).

Expectations

• Students are expected to attend all class sessions and read all assigned readings prior to class. Please print off the readings on blackboard and bring them to class. Class sessions will supplement readings, not be a replacement for them.

• Students will be assigned: one short paper (3-4 pages) in the first weeks of class and three slightly longer papers (4-5 pages). There will also be a final project. After consultation with the professors, in the first three weeks of the semester, the students will undertake to research some particular area where religion and the public sphere interact. Over the course of the semester, the students will gather materials pertaining to this focused topic, will make a brief (5 minute) report on their findings to the class, and write it up in 10-12 pages.

Schedule of Class Meetings

Introduction and Origin

Wed. Sept. 5: Course Overview

Mon. Sept. 10: The Study of Religion

Berger, The Sacred Canopy, 3-53

Wed. Sept 12: The Study of Religion

Bellah, “Civil Religion in America” (course reader)

Introduction and Historical Overview


Mon. Sept. 17 What is Buddhism?

“Buddhist Religion, Culture, and Civilization,” by Reynolds and Hallisey (course reader)

“The Buddha,” Reynolds and Hallisey (course reader)

Wed. Sept. 19: Buddha, Dharma, Sangha

Bodhi, In the Buddha’s Words, 43-78

Mon. and Wed.

Sept. 24-26: What is Christianity?

Wilson, Christianity, 18-81

Fri. Sept. 28: First Paper Due

Out of This World

Mon. Oct. 1: Buddhist Cosmology: the Cosmos, Samsara, and the Human Condition

Bodhi, 19-40

Gethin, 183-187 (course reader)

Wed. Oct. 3: Buddhist Cosmogony: A Myth of Origins

Bodhi, 145-179, 218-220

“The Evolution of the World” (Agganna Sutta, handed out in class)

Oct. 6-9: Mid-Semester Break

Wed. Oct. 10: Time, the Future, and the Coming of the Buddha Maitreya

“The Lion’s Roar on the Turning of the Wheel” (course reader)

Mon. Oct. 15: Christian Scriptural Readings

Daniel 7; 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18; Gospel of Mark 9:1; 13;

Revelation 17-22 (Blackboard)

Wed. Oct. 17: Apocalypticism in History

Apocalypse! PBS Video

Fri. Oct. 19: Second Paper Due

Mon. Oct. 22: 20th Century U.S.

Boyer, When Time Shall Be No More, 115-292

In and Out of This World

Wed. and Mon.

Oct. 24, 29: Buddhist Monasticism

“The Bhikkhu’s Rules” (Blackboard)

Choice for a Chinese Woman (short in-class film)

Wed. Oct. 31: Christian Monasticism

“Rule of St. Benedict” (Blackboard, external link)

Mon. Nov. 5: Biography of Thomas Merton

Fri. Nov. 9: Third Paper Due

In This World

Wed. and Mon.

Nov. 7, 12: Early Christian Views

Romans 13; 1 Peter 2:11-3:7

Revelation 12-13 (Blackboard, course documents)

Eusebius of Caesarea, Ambrose of Milan, Augustine of Hippo

Thomas Aquinas (Blackboard, course documents)

Wed. Nov. 14: Baumer, Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory

Nov. 17-25: Thanksgiving Break

Mon. Nov. 26: Buddhist Statecraft: The Paradigm of the Righteous Buddhist King

“A Bloodless Sacrifice” (course reader)

“Temiya, the Mute Prince” (course reader)

Bodhi, 107-142

Wed. Nov. 28: King Ashoka, King Dutugamanu, and Modern Buddhist Political Orders

Asokan edicts (Blackboard)

“Buddhist Visions of Moral Authority and Modernity in

Burma,” Juliana Schober (course reader)

Mon. Dec. 3: Buddhist Social and Political Movements Today: Soka Gakkai

The Soka Gakkai: Buddhism and the Creation of a Harmonious

and Peaceful Society,” Metraux (course reader)

“Earthly Desires are Enlightenment” (Blackboard)

Wed. Dec. 5: Jesus Camp Video

Fri. Dec. 7: Fourth Paper Due

Mon. and Wed.

Dec. 10-12: Class Presentations

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