Rural Access and Mobility Project

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA

RURAL ACCESS AND MOBILITY PROJECT

(RAMP I, KADUNA)

CR 4408

ABBREVIATED RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (ARAP)

OF

PROPOSED OPRC ROADS

MOW & T/KADRAMP/C/12/10

LOT N1, N2, S1, S2

Final Report

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES

ACRONYMS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CHAPTER ONE

1.0INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

1.1 Background

1.2Project Components

1.3Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) OP 4.12.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY

2.1Objective of the ARAP

2.2Scope of Work

2.2.1Major Sub-Activities of the ARAP

CHAPTER THREE

3.0DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

3.1Overview of the Project Area

3.2Land Use in Project Area and Entitlement Matrix

3.3Socio-Economic Survey of the Project Areas

3.3.1Lot N1 Project Route

3.3.2Lot N2 Project Route

3.3.3Lot S1 Project Route

3.3.4Lot S2 Project Route

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

4.1World Bank Safeguard Policies

4.2Nigeria Regulatory Framework

4.2.1Land Use Act of 1978 amended 1992

4.2.2Forestry Law Cap 55, 1994

4.3Comparison between Land Use Act and World Bank OP 4.12

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0COMPENSATION FRAMEWORK

5.1Introduction

5.2Entitlement Policy

5.3Eligibility Criteria for Affected Persons

5.4Proof of Eligibility

5.5Notification

5.6Method of Valuation for compensation

5.7Payment of Compensation

5.8Entitlement Matrix

CHAPTER SIX

6.0INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT AND RESPONSIBILITIES

6.1Overview of Institutional Responsibilities

6.2Institutional Arrangement

6.3Grievances and Appeals Procedure

6.4Likely Grievances and Disputes

6.5Grievance Redress Mechanisms

6.5.1Informal Grievance and Dispute Resolution Method

6.5.2The Complaint Procedure

6.5.3Formal Methods of Grievance Resolution

CHAPTER SEVEN

7.0MONITORING AND EVALUATION

7.1Implementation Schedule

7.2Capacity and Training Needs

CHAPTER EIGHT

8.0PUBLIC AND STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION

8.1Introduction

8.2Consultation Objective

8.3Consultation Strategy

8.4Overview of Public Consultations programme

8.4.1LOT N1

8.4.2LOT N2

8.4.3LOT S1

8.4.4LOT S2

CHAPTER NINE

9.0CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

ANNEXES

Annex 1: Register of Project Affected People (PAPs)

Annex 2: Photo Gallery

Annex 3: Survey Instrument/Sample Questionnaire

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2. 1: Reconnaisance Survey along Angwan Kadi and Birnin Yero Communities on project route R 2-10

Figure 3. 1: Map of Nigeria Showing the Project State - Kaduna State

Figure 3. 2: Map showing the Selected Roads in Lot N1

Figure 3. 3: Map showing the Selected Roads in Lot N2

Figure 3. 4: Map showing the Selected Roads in Lot S1

Figure 3. 5: Map showing the Selected Roads in Lot S2

Figure 3. 6: Food crops and economic trees in project areas

Figure 3. 7: ETF School project inaccessible due to poor road

Figure 3. 8: Form of settlement in the project areas

Figure 3. 9: Consultation with women at Angwan Kadi Market on R2-10 Lot N2

Figure 8. 1: Consultation & Interviews with Elders and Community Heads at Dundubus

Figure 8. 2: Sections of Youths during a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) at Mainasara and Doka respectively

Figure 8. 3: Consultation with women in Kwarakwara and Children returning from farm

Figure 8. 4: Identified major source of enterprise empowerment for the women folk in Tami

Figure 8. 5: Consultation with the women and youths selling refreshments in Tami after the days work

Figure 8. 6: Consultation with PAPs and Community Head at Birnin Yero

Figure 8. 7: Consultation with Community Heads at Tami and Kwarakwara respectively

Figure 8. 8: Consultation with the PAPs at Sako and Takanai

Figure 8. 9: Lot S 2 Kushe 1 & 11 Community women, youths and men commuting to the market.

Figure 8. 10: Consultation with the PAPs at kushe I and Community Head at Kushe II

Figure 8. 11: Consultation with Kushe 11 women in Lot S2

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1: Feeder Roads in Lot N1 and Lot N2 of Kaduna North…………………………………….18

Table 3.2: Feeder Roads in Lot S1 and Lot S2 of Kaduna South……………………………………..20

Table 3.3a: Gender Distribution of PAPs in Lot N1…………………………………………………………23

Table 3.3b: Age Distribution of PAPs in Lot N1………………………………………………………………23

Table 3.3c: Marital Status of PAPs in Lot N1………………………………………………………………….23

Table 3.3d: Educational Attainment of PAPs in Lot N1………………………………………………….23

Table 3.3e: Occupation of PAPs in Lot N1………………………………………………………………………24

Table 3.3f: Income Earning Category of PAPs per month in Lot N1……………………………..24

Table 3.3g: Common Health Conditions amongst PAPs Household Members in Lot N1..25

Table 3.4a: Gender Distribution of PAPs in Lot N2………………………………………………………..26

Table 3.4b: Age Distribution of PAPs in Lot N2………………………………………………………………26

Table 3.4c: Marital Status of PAPs in Lot N2………………………………………………………………….26

Table 3.4d: Educational Attainment of PAPs in Lot N1………………………………………………….27

Table 3.4e: Occupation of PAPs in Lot N2……………………………………………………………………….27

Table 3.4f: Income Earning Category of PAPs per month in Lot N2……………………………….28

Table 3.4g: Common Health Conditions amongst PAPs Household Members in Lot N2….28

Table 3.5a: Gender Distribution of PAPs in Lot S1………………………………………………………….28

Table 3.5b: Age Distribution of PAPs in Lot S1……………………………………………………………….29

Table 3.5c: Marital Status of PAPs in Lot S1…………………………………………………………………..29

Table 3.5d: Educational Attainment of PAPs in Lot S1…………………………………………………..29

Table 3.5e: Occupation of PAPs in Lot S1……………………………………………………………………...29

Table 3.5f: Income Earning Category of PAPs per month in Lot S1……………………………….30

Table 3.5g: Common Health Conditions amongst PAPs Household Members in Lot S1….30

Table 3.6a: Gender Distribution of PAPs in Lot S2…………………………………………………………30

Table 3.6b: Age Distribution of PAPs in Lot S2………………………………………………………………30

Table 3.6c: Marital Status of PAPs in Lot S2………………………………………………………………….31

Table 3.6d: Educational Attainment of PAPs in Lot S2………………………………………………….31

Table 3.6e: Occupation of PAPs in Lot S2………………………………………………………………………32

Table 3.6f: Income Earning Category of PAPs per month in Lot S2……………………………..32

Table 3.6g: Common Health Conditions amongst PAPs Household Members in Lot S2..32

Table 4.1: Comparison of Nigerian Land Use Act (1978) and World Bank’s OP 4.12…….34

Table 5.1: Entitlement Matrix……………………………………………………………………………………….37

Table 5.2: Valuation of Compensation Cost for Project Affected Persons………………….37

Table 6.1: Institutional Arrangement and Responsibilities for ARAP………………………….39

Table 7.1: Timetable for Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan ……………………………..45

Table 7.2: Recommended Training and Awareness……………………………………………………..46

Table 8.1: List of Participants at the Public Consultation in Lot N1………………………….48

Table 8.2: List of Participants at the Public Consultation in Lot N2………………………….50

Table 8.3: List of Participants at the Public Consultation in Lot S1………………………….53

Table 8.4: List of Participants at the Public Consultation in Lot S2………………………….54

ACRONYMS

AIT ARAP Implementation Team

ARAP Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan

CBOCommunity Based Organisation

CLO Community Liaison Officer

DaLADamage and Loss Assessment

DBO Design Build and Operate

EMP Environment Management Plan

ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan

FGD Focus Group Discussion

FMARD Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

FSLC First School Leaving Certificate

GCE General Certificate in Education

IDA International Development Authority

KADRAMP Kaduna State Rural Access and Mobility Project

LGA Local Government Area

LRCLocal Resettlement Committee

M&E Monitoring and Evaluation

NGOs Non Governmental Organizations

OP Operational Policy

OPRC Output Performance Based Road Contracts

PAPs Project Affected Persons

RAMP Rural Access and Mobility Project

RAP Resettlement Action Plan

RPF Resettlement Plan Framework

RTTP Rural Travel and Transport Programme

SPIU State Project Implementation Unit

WASC West African School Certificate

WB World Bank

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

ES 1Introduction

The World Bank in response to the Federal Government of Nigeria request through the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD) for assistance in support of the Government policy on Rural Travel and Transport (RTTP) provided funds through its International Development Association (IDA), the Rural Access and Mobility Projects (RAMP) are seen as a major way of achieving this.

The RAMP is aimed at improving and enhancing accessibility and mobility in rural areas. Accessibility and mobility are critical issues in the lives of the rural population, considering that majority of them are Agriculturalists. Movement of their agricultural inputs and outputs (produce) is hinged on accessibility and mobility. Kaduna State is one of the States in the Federation to benefit from the project. In Kaduna, the RAMP is coordinated by the State Project Coordinating Unit (SPIU) under the Kaduna State Ministry of Works and Transport.

In the course of implementing the OPRC Roads, a number of environmental and social safeguards policies will be triggered inclusive of which are Involuntary Resettlement OP 4.12. However under the World Bank Safeguard Policy, on involuntary resettlement, a project is classified as full Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) when the number of people to be displaced involuntarily is from 200 and above and/or when the land take involves 10 percent of the total holding. On the contrary, if the number of people to be displaced or affected is less than 200, and land take is less than 10 percent of the total holding, it advocates for Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP).

The outcome showed that there will be minor impacts, and permanent land-take is less than 10 percent of the total land holdings and therefore an ARAP with economic rehabilitation will be prepared.

This ARAP would provide a plan, assistance and/or rehabilitation of PAP so that their losses would be compensated and their standard of living will at least, be restored to pre-project levels. The ARAP also provides for economic rehabilitation measures so that income earning potentials of individuals is restored to sustain their livelihoods.

ES 2Scope of Work

The scope of work underlying this ARAP is the identification of project impacts and affected population through the following:

• Use of thematic maps;
• Census that enumerates project affected persons (PAPs) and registers them according to location;
• An inventory and categorization of the PAPs and assets to be affected;
• Socio-economic assessment of PAPs;
• Analysis of surveys and studies to establish compensation parameters, to design appropriate income restoration and sustainable development initiatives;
• Identify baseline monitoring indicators; and
• Consultation with affected populations regarding mitigation of impacts and development opportunities.

ES 3Approach and Methodology of Social Assessment

Prior to implementation of the resettlement activities, baseline data is collected and potential impacts are identified and analyzed. Mitigation measures are then put in place to address negative impacts and compensatory plans are designed and recommended. Other Key instruments include Public Consultation, focus group discussions and detailed field visit and collection of data using household survey

Field visits were conducted across the communities of the project affected area of influence. An inventory of the PAPs was taken as well as the baseline information of the project areas.

ES 4Impacts of the Project

The impacts of the road project as it concerns the social aspect are categorized into positive and negative impacts. Whereas the positive impacts are more, the negative impacts are minimal and were found to be those that the project can through compensation and stakeholder collaboration with the affected project communities address as appropriate.

Positive Impacts include

• Easy access to market and business;
• Reduction in the rate of accidents due to poor road;
• Improve condition of living due to easy movement of input and output by farmers and business people;
• Reduction in traveltime per kilometer

Negative Impacts includes:

• Temporary disturbance to access to business and movement;

• Land take resulting from minor road realignment in some places;
• Destruction of economic trees;
• Temporary Reduction in income and livelihoods;

Negative impacts are neutralized via involuntary resettlement plan.

ES 5Entitlement Matrix

The entitlement matrix shows the categories of applicable losses and impacts as well as the eligibility conditions and nature of entitlement. This is presented in table below:

Category / Type of Loss / Applicable / Eligibility Criteria / Entitlements
Farmers / Loss of farm land / Yes / Evidence of ownership
Must be supported by evidence of census undertaken during the survey / Compensation at full replacement cost value
Loss of agricultural crops / Yes / Lease contract, rental receipts, MOU
Must be supported by evidence of census undertaken during the survey / Compensation at current market price of produce
Economic tree owners / Loss of economic tree / Yes / Evidence of census before cut off data
Must be supported by evidence of census undertaken during the survey / Compensation at full replacement cost value
Loss of income / Yes / Apply to fruit bearing trees / Compensation of value of sales of fruit (where applicable) at one period
Housing / Loss the entire structure / No / Not applicable / No compensation required
Loss of part of the structure / No / Not applicable / No compensation required
Aesthetic and cultural property / Burial ground, shrine, monument / No / Not applicable / No compensation required

ES 6Indicative Budget for ARAP Implementation

The total indicative budget for the ARAP implementation is Twenty One million, Eight Hundred and Ninety-two Thousand, Thirty-Six Naira, Seventy-Six Kobo Only (N 21, 892,036.76). This is comprised as shown in the table below:

Cost Item / Estimated Cost (Naira) / Period of Expenditure
N1 / N2 / S1 / S2
Compensation of PAPs / 3,807,931.60 / 2,811,920 / 941,000 / 941,000 / Before Construction Phase
ARAP Capacity building / 1,050,000 / 1,050,000 / 1,050,000 / 1,050,000 / Before Construction Phase
Monitoring & Evaluation / 1,800,000 / 1,800,000 / 1,800,000 / 1,800,000 / Before & during construction
Sub-Total / 6,657,931.60 / 5,661,920 / 3,791,000 / 3,791,000
Contingency (10% of Sub-Total) / 665,793.16 / 566,192 / 379,100 / 379,100
Total / 7,323,724.76 / 6,228,112 / 4,170,100 / 4,170,100
Overall Total / 21, 892,036.76

ES 7Implementation and Responsibility

It is expected that the implementation of the ARAP will be completed before the commencement of construction works. The timetable for the implementation of the Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan and responsibilities is presented in the table below.

Road Project Cycle / Phase / Activities / DaTE / Responsibilities
PLANNING / Scoping and
Screening / Initial site visit & consultations.
Identification of Resettlement and Social issues
 Application of safeguard policies
Categorization
Action plan
Screening Report
WB No-Objection / December 2010 / Consultant; Supervision by KADRAMP- SPIU
DESIGN / Preparation of ARAP
and consultations / Draft ARAP
Consultations
WB No-Objection / May 2011 / Consultant; Supervision by KADRAMP -SPIU
Disclosure / Disclosure of ARAP locally & to WB Info Shop / July2011 / KADRAMP –SPIU
World Bank
Finalization and
Incorporation / Final version of ARAP
Incorporation of ARAP into contract documents
WB No-Objection / August2011 / Consultant; Supervision by
KADRAMP –SPIU
EXECUTION / Implementation and Monitoring
Construction Work / Implementation
Monitoring & reporting on environmental and social mitigation measures
Monitoring and reporting of Resettlement and livelihood issues / August 2011
September 2011
September 2011 / Contractors Supervision by KADRAMP -SPIU/ M&E and the community
OPERATIONS (POST-IMPLEMENTATION) / Operations and maintenance / Maintenance
Monitoring and reporting of Resettlement and social livelihood issues / Contractors Supervision by KADRAMP-SPIU/ and the community

CHAPTER ONE

1.0INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

1.1 Background

Nigeria with a land area of924,000 sq.km, has an estimated population of 139.8 million, growing at a rate of 2.7 percent annually, is the most populous country in Africa and the largest in West Africa. The country is mostly dominated by rural population (around 70 percent) with agriculture as their main income. In the past years, Nigeria experienced strong economic growth, with agriculture a major contributor to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

Nigeria’s rural transport infrastructure has been identified as a crucial component for the economic development of the country by linking the rural communities to the urban areas. Most of the rural roads are in poor condition, and impose significant cost to the national economy especially to the agricultural activities due to increased vehicle operating costs and travel times.

The World Bank in response to the Federal Government of Nigeria’s request, through the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD) for assistance in support of the Government policy on Rural Travel and Transport (RTTP) provided funds through its International Development Association (IDA). The Rural Access and Mobility Projects (RAMP) are seen as a major way of achieving this. The RAMP is aimed at improving and enhancing accessibility and mobility in rural areas. Accessibility and mobility are critical issues in the lives of the rural population, considering that majority of them are Agriculturalists. Movement of their agricultural inputs and outputs (produce) is hinged on accessibility and mobility. Kaduna State is one of the States in the Federation to benefit from the project. In Kaduna, the RAMP is coordinated by the State Project Coordinating Unit (SPIU) under the Kaduna State Ministry of Works and Transport.

1.2Project Components

RAMP has two components, Component A: Upgrading, Rehabilitation and Maintenance of Transport Infrastructure; and Component B: Institutional Strengthening, Reforms and Capacity Building. The activities within each one of these two components are detailed below:

A)Component A: Upgrading, Rehabilitation and Maintenance of Transport Infrastructure

The rural transport infrastructure component of the project will support the upgrading, rehabilitation and maintenance of about 427 km (subject to ongoing design work) of rural roads selected from the top prioritized intervention areas and about 132 river crossings spread across the entire state. Depending on traffic volume and other considerations, about 142 km of roads (or one third of the total length) will be upgraded to bituminous surface dressed standards while the rest or about 285 km will be to gravel wearing course standards.

There will be two sub-components within Component A:

1. Improvement and maintenance of roads within six intervention areas of the state through long term output and performance based contracting (OPRC), and
2. Construction and rehabilitation of selected river crossings across the entire state.

This componentdemands for an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to ensure an environmentally sustainable project.

Component A which involves civil works is made up of Output Performance based Road Contracts (A1) andRiver crossing (A2).

The Output Performance based Road Contracts (OPRC) makes up 60% and is aimed at improving and/or upgrading the existing rural feeder roads and tracks. On the other hand, the River Crossing makes up 40% of this component and is aimed at rehabilitating rivers crossings, culverts, etc.

There are two categories of roads under OPRC; the existing paved roads which are degraded and require re-sealing, and existing unpaved roads and tracks which would be upgraded to gravel/laterite surface dressed roads.

B)Component B: Institutional Strengthening, Reforms and Capacity Building.

This component will focus on:

1. Supporting project implementation by providing the necessary goods, materials and equipment and by ensuring the existence of the appropriate project management capacity and skills at both the federal and the state levels;
2. Strengthening the capacity of the public sector to manage road network, a sub-component that would cover rationalization of the current establishment and enhancement of skills in strategic planning, program and project scheduling, designing, implementation and maintenance in relation to rural road infrastructure;
3. Development and implementation of institutional reforms with a view to enhancing efficiency in resource allocation, procurement, and quality control responsibilities at the State Government level;
4. Other cross cutting issues such as awareness creation and related work on road safety, gender and Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune-deficiency Syndrome (AIDS); and
5. Preparation of state funded follow-on RAMP project.

The overall project development outcome is to improve accessibility and mobility to and among the rural communities in Kaduna State. A total number of forty (40) rural feeder roads have been selected and subdivided into 4 lots with 2 lots each in southern and northern parts of Kaduna.