Acid and Base Review Sheet ---- This review sheet counts 2 homework grades—Due the day of the test
All Answers must be written on your paper—NO CREDIT will be given unless this is followed
1. What are the 3 definitions of Acids and Bases?
2. Give 4 properties of Acids
3. Give 4 properties of Bases
4. A compound that produces an hydroxide ion is a ______
5. A substance that ionizes to produce hydrogen ions is a ______
6. What definition allowed ammonia to be classified as a base?
7. Write the acid or base that has the following use
a. Used as an antacid in milk of Magnesia
b. Used in explosives
c. Used in fertilizers
d. Used as a household cleaner
e. Used in soft drinks
f. Stomach acid
g. used as a drain cleaner
8. What 2 polyatomic ions allow salts to be classified as a base?
9. The word alkaline refers to acid or base?
10. Give an example for an acid that can use this descriptive term
a. Monoprotic b.Oxyacid c. Triprotic d. Diprotic e. Binary Acid
11. What is the functional group in organic chemistry that gives acidic properties? Write the formula and name
12. What is the functional group in organic chemistry that gives basic properties? Write the formula and name
13. What type of acid ionizes completely? Strong or weak
14. What type of base dissociates completely? Strong or weak
15. For each of the following write strong or weak.
- Sodium hydroxide b. sulfuric acid c. hydrochloric acid d. calcium hydroxide
b. Hydrofluoric acid g. aluminum hydroxide h. phosphoric acid
16. What is the formula for the hydronium ion? Is it acidic or basic?
17. What is the value and formula for the ionization constant of water?
18. What are buffers?
19. What definition explains buffers?
20. What is the purpose of an antacid? Include why the buffer is important in this purpose.
21. What are the products of a neutralization reaction?
22. a)On the pH scale, what is the range for an acid? B) On the pH scale what is the range for a base?
23. Why is water neutral if it contains both hydroxide and hydronium ions?
24. A) What are electrolytes? B)Are acids electrolytes? C. Are bases electrolytes?
25. If the pH of sodium hydroxide is 11.6, what is the pOH?
26. Calculate the pH of a bottle of sodium hydroxide that has a .0564 M.
27. Calculate the pH of a bottle of HBr that has a .000985 M.
28. If the pH of a solution is 11.3. Calculate the OH-, H3O+ for the solution. Show the formulas that you used.
29. Calculate the pH of a bottle of potassium hydroxide that has a .000369 M.
30. Calculate the pH of a bottle of HCl that has a .0000556 M.
31. How many grams of HCl would be needed to make a 500 mL solution for the above problem?
32. If the pH of a solution is 5.67 Calculate the OH-, H3O+ for the solution. Show the formulas that you used.
33. If the pH of an acid is 2.35, what is the pOH?
34. 35.6 mL of .0755 M NaOH is used to neutralize 55.5 mL of Nitrous Acid, what is the pH of the Nitrous Acid?
35. For each of the following label the acid, base, conjugate acid and conjugate base.
a. HF + HPO4-2 à F-1 + H2PO4-2
b. HClO2 + NH3 à ClO2-1 + NH4+1
c. NH3 + H2O à NH4+1 + OH-1
d. CH3COOH + H2O à H3O+1 + CH3COO-1
36. What property describes water in the equations in question 35c and 35d ?
37. In a neutralization reaction, what is the name of the acid and base that will produce :
a. Sodium chlorate ______c. Aluminum sulfite ______
b. Calcium bromide______d. Barium phosphate______
38 Using your list of acids and adding Bromic acid = HBrO3 Write the formula for each of the following:
a. perbromic acid b. hydrosufuric c. phosphorous d. hypobromous
e. hydrofluoric f. bromous d. Carbonous
39. Complete and balance the following neutralization reactions:
a. Sulfuric Acid + Aluminum hydroxide -à
b. Hydrobromic acid + Lithium hydroxide à
c. Chloric acid + Calcium carbonate à
d. Periodic acid + Sodium phosphate à
40. .An unknown solution was found to have a pH of 2.33. Answer the following
a)When tested with litmus paper, would the red litmus turn blue or stay red?
b)Would the blue litmus stay blue or turn red?
c)Would the solution feel slippery or sting the skin?
d)When the chemist realized that this was organic compound, what functional group would be expected to appear in the formula?
e) using the pH given-- calculate the hydronium and hydroxide ion concentration
41. An unknown compound was found to have a pH of 12.6. Answer the following
a)When tested with litmus paper, would the red litmus turn blue or stay red?
b)Would the blue litmus stay blue or turn red?
c)Would the solution feel slippery or sting the skin?
d)When the chemist realized that this was organic compound, what functional group would be expected to appear in the formula?
e) using the pH given-- calculate the hydronium and hydroxide ion concentration
42. If a person hyperventilates
a. what is happening to their breathing?
b. what is happening to the pH of the blood?
c. how the paper bag treatment help the pH of the blood?
d. If a person is in cardiac distress and you get confused and give a paper bag for the treatment, what would happen to the blood pH?
34. Complete and balance the reaction: Calcium hydroxide + Hydrochloric acidà
35. Complete and balance the reaction: Zinc carbonate + Hydrobromic acidà
36. in a neutralization reaction: the cation in the salt that is formed comes from the ______(acid or base) and the anion from the ______(acid or base).
The formulas and acids will not be provided AND you must have a calculator and be able to use it correctly. Sig Figs as always will be important. THIS IS A REVIEW SHEET- IF YOU DETECT A WEAKNESS THEN YOU WILL NEED TO REVIEW THE POWER- POINT AND/OR REWORK THE HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENTS.