MLK 2006
Playoff Packet #3
1. It discusses two methods of solving a central problem, the first of which is to create a will independent from that of the rest of society, but this is dismissed as prevailing only in hereditary and self-appointed governments. It cites two classifications of defects, those of “better motives” and that of an “absolute negative,” and proclaims that justice shall be pursued as an end until liberty is lost in that pursuit. It crafts an analogy between the preservation of civil rights and religious rights, based upon the diversity of religious sects, and considers what would ensue if Rhode Island were jettisoned from the Union, purposely choosing the smallest territory. Introducing the key concept of a “double security” arising as to the rights of people and concerned mainly with the separation of powers and the system of checks and balances, this is, FTP, what number of the Federalist Papers.
Answer: Federalist Papers No. 51 (accept only 51 after mention of the Federalist Papers, otherwise prompt, prompt on just the Federalist Papers)
2. One of the male characters tells the story of Meg Speedwell, a dairy-maid married on the Tankerton estate. Humphrey Greddon is the founder of the Junta once loved by the scorned Nellie O’Mora, who is now toasted as a witch. Mrs. Batch is driven by an intense maternal instinct such that she considers all of her tenants as sons, comparable to her real children, 16-year old Katie and 12-year old Clarence. Some of the students include the chivalrous American Mr. Oover and the dwarfish cowardly Noaks. All of them die, most by drowning, at Oxford out of love for the titular woman in, FTP, this satire of university life, the most famous work of Max Beerbohm.
Answer: Zuleika Dobson
3. This principle was modified for a second time by the law of Emile Amagat, who established a technique for ensuring effective scalings or packings. It was more famously modified by Louis Cailletet and Henri Regnault who noted its breakdown at high temperatures, while Thomas Andrew recognized its failure at low temperatures. It can exist in either a simplified or two-point form, and was published years after its chemist wrote “Seraphick Love,” to a woman he referred to as Platona. It holds true because of the result of changes in the mean free path of particles, and is also known as Mariotte’s Law. FTP, name this chemical law which states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its temperature.
Answer: Boyle’s Law
4. This man conceived of transforming higher-order goods into lower-order goods and imputing value to those goods as conjoint causal processes. He focused on the subjective role of the middleman in creating value by facilitating exchange, in works like Investigations Into the Method of the Sciences with Special Reference to Economics, and put forth his theory of human wants saying that “all things are subject to the law of cause and effect.” His pamphlet The Errors of Historicism in German Economics launched the famous Methodenstreit, or Methodological Debate, with the Younger Historical School of German economics. The author of a Principles of Economics, FTP, name this 19th century economist who espoused a nascent theory of marginal utility as the leader and founder of the Austrian School.
Answer: Carl Menger
5. This work opens with a recitative and the second aria is the most famous featuring a flute obbligato. It ends in a trio expressing morality with the proverb “a cat won’t stop from catching mice.” One character threatens not to purchase a whalebone skirt in the latest fashion and silver or gold ribbon for a bonnet, but this does not bother the other character. It is based on a text by the poet Christian Friedrich Henrici, aka Picander, and was performed at the home of the Collegium Musicum in Leipzig. The character whose name translates as “Mr. Stick-in-the-Mud”, Herr Schlendarian, threatens not to let his daughter Lieschen have a husband but she outsmarts him in, FTP, this J.S. Bach cantata named for the caffeinated beverage that Lieschen just has to have.
Answer: Coffee Cantata (accept just Coffee after the word cantata)
6. This country contains the Crocker Range of mountains and its largest natural lake is Lake Bera, dwarfed by artificial ones like Lake Temengor. Like many Caribbean islands, this country has a large city called George Town and contains Mount Tahan and the much larger Mount Kinabalu. Its ethnic inhabitants are referred to as bumiputeras and ethnic problems here have led to the implementation of the New Economic Policy, succeeded by the New Developmental Policy. Containing the important tin-mining center of Perak, Tunku Abdul Rahman became its first prime minister in 1961. Divided into federated and unfederated divisions prior to World War II, FTP, name this country which includes Sabah and Sarawak on the island of Borneo, with its capital at Kuala Lumpur.
Answer: Malaysia
7. The author of this work argues that people judge themselves with regard to the dimension by which they differ from others, positing a “conservation of envy.” Chapter nine is aimed at “Demoktesis” and chapter four examines the concepts of prohibition, compensation, and risk. Chapter seven considers so-called hypothetical histories, and earlier the author argues that humans value contact with reality, not simply the ends of that reality, by way of postulating an “experience machine.” He predicts the emergence of a Dominant Protection Agency, though he would modify this slightly in another work, The Examined Life. An extension of John Locke’s ideas and an explicit rejection of John Rawls’ theory of justice, this is, FTP, what 1974 book that begins with the dicta “Individuals have rights” and posits a minimalist state, a work of political philosophy by Robert Nozick.
Answer: Anarchy, State, and Utopia
8. One chronicler relates that only Adimantus was spared in the wake of this engagement, and notes that he was suspected of being a traitor, while the rest had their throats cut. Conon escaped this fate by fleeing to Cyprus, and only returned 11 years later after winning a major victory at Cnidus over Pharnabazus. The other commander Philocles was brutally murdered and the trireme Paralus briefly escaped, only to return to razed walls. Occurring two years after the Battle of Arginusae, Alcibiades descended from his mountain fortress to warn the losing side, but they failed to take his advice, and Lysander launched an attack from Lampsacus. Leading to the establishment of the Thirty Tyrants, this is, FTP, what decisive 405 BC Athenian loss, ending the Peloponnesian War.
Answer: Battle of Aegospotami
9. A friend of the protagonist’s husband named Richards stands waiting for the protagonist at the bottom of the stairs near the end of this story. The protagonist’s sister Josephine gives her some unfortunate news that prompts her to weep profusely and then hurry off to her room to sit in her armchair. Once alone, she reveals that she is actually pleased to hear the seemingly sad news, declaring that now she feels positively “Free! Body and Soul Free,” able at last to live for herself. Unfortunately, at the end of the story, she dies of “heart disease - the joy that kills.” FTP, name this short story about Louise Mallard, whose husband Brently supposedly died in a train wreck but then shows up and shocks the hell out of his wife, a work by Kate Chopin.
Answer: “The Story of an Hour”
10. It is sometimes preceded by an Ouchterlony test which looks for white precipitin bands in order to tell if the subject is good, and might be followed by affinity column purification. It might come in direct, indirect, and rapid-dot types. It also comes in a competitive type, in which one reagent is conjugated to a detection enzyme such as horseradish peroxidase, which might serve to convert a compound like Amplex Red into something like Resorufin. The sandwich type involves “matched pairs,” or capture and detection antibodies which bind to epitopes that do not overlap. Exhibiting more false positives than a Western Blot, this is, FTP, what method that is safer and cheaper than radioimmunoassay, identified by an acronym that stands for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay.
Answer: ELISA or Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay before mentioned
11. His Christ at the Sea of Galilee, which now hangs in the National Gallery of Art, sees a monstrous Christ walking on water and extending his arm towards a rickety ship on choppy waters. He is known to have had three children, including Marco and Marietta who served as assistants, and Domenico who painted portraits. Pallas in Chase of Mars and Vulcan Surprising Venus and Mars are examples of mythological works, and historical works include the Defence of Brescia and Legates of the Pope Before Barbarossa. Known for work in the Scoula di San Rocco, his most famous piece features a light hanging down from a cord in the upper left, illuminating a host of winged figures that swirl around the dark room, and was made for the San Giorgio Maggiore. The artist of The Origin of the Milky Way and The Miracle of St. Mark, FTP, name this Venetian painter whose nickname means “little dyer.”
Answer: Jacopo Tintoretto or Jacopo Robusti
12. One episode sees a man struck by lightning on the roof when he thinks God is speaking to him, and probably the best known one featured a man stuck in an elevator during a blizzard with another gay man. Mel Tormé regularly guest starred as himself and William Utay played Phil Sanders, often referred to as the Derelict. It was Marsha Warfield’s only significant TV appearance outside of “Empty Nest,” and its characters included the overtly sexist Dan Fielding and the hardheaded Nostradamus Shannon, who goes by the name of Bull. It featured Markie Post as Christine Sullivan, fresh off her run on “The Fall Guy,” and John Larroquette. FTP, name this wacky series that ran from 1984-1992, recently revived on TV Land, featuring Harry Anderson as the Honorable Judge Harry T. Stone.
Answer: Night Court
13. The Spectral Theorem guarantees the existence of an eigenbasis with this property for symmetric operators, and the Gram-Schmidt process produces a basis of this type. The Gegenbauer, Hermite, and Legendre polynomials satisfy this property, and the group of this name has two connected components; that containing the origin is called "special.” A linear transformation is called this if it preserves a symmetric inner product, and a matrix is called this if its transpose is its inverse; any such matrix has determinant of plus or minus one. In two or three dimensions such matrices represent rotations about the origin. Two vectors are called this if a symmetric bilinear form applied to them gives zero, and in particular if their dot product is zero. FTP, give this ubiquitous mathematical adjective, which in plane geometry is a synonym for perpendicular.
Answer: orthogonal (accept orthonormal, don’t accept or prompt on normal)
14. She is described as having hair “so blonde that the world holds nothing else like it” with cheeks of “no other colour than milk.” She tells of friends Spinelloccio and Zeppa who sleep with each other’s wives and remain friends, considering the score even. In addition to this, she appears in the same author’s Il Filocolo and an elegy dedicated to her. She follows Dioneo’s tale by telling of the virtuous Marchioness who fends off advances of the King of France, this being the Fifth Tale of the First Day. She frequently engages Filostrato in storytelling, and in another work she is abandoned by Panfilo. Perhaps representing a real illegitimate daughter of the King of Naples, FTP, name this woman who is a sort of analogue to Petrarch’s Laura for Boccaccio’s Decameron.
Answer: Fiammetta
15. A lesser-known man of this name secured the favorable Treaty of Zuhab after his Persian campaign and issued decrees on the rights of the Romans to worship in the Holy Sepulchre, in addition to crushing a rebellion of Sipahi leaders and outlawing alcohol and coffee. Another man of this name destroyed Hexamilion and was defeated at the Battle of Jalowaz, after forcing Manuel II to pay tribute. The most famous one defeated Vukashina of Serbia at Chrnomen and won the Battles of Samako and Maritsa. One of them won the Battle of Varna over Wladyslaw II and defeated Janos Hunyadi, and the first was assassinated by Milos Obilic at Kosovo after succeeding Orhan and establishing the government of the Divan, the devsirme system, and the Janissaries. FTP, give this name denoting five rulers of the Ottoman Empire.
Answer: Murad
16. Men important in promoting the philosophy of this man include JO Urmson and GJ Warnock. In his major work, he creates the categories of phonetic, phatic, and rhetic as aspects of the locutionary act, which possesses a known meaning, unlike illocutionary and perlocutionary acts. Major works include a piece on method entitled “A Plea for Excuses,” “Other Minds,” and collected writings in Sense and Sensibilia. He is probably most famous for his distinction between constantives and performatives, words that make an action so, an integral part of his speech-act theory. FTP, name this author of How to Do Things With Words, an English philosopher of the 20th century.
Answer: John Langshaw Austin
17. He attempted to make amends with King Matholwch by replacing his mutilated horses and giving him a staff of silver and platter of gold, along with a magical cauldron which was meant to resurrect the dead but eventually killed his half-brother Efnisien. The son of Penarddun and Llyr, he was warned of his sister’s plight by a starling, and his subsequent attack on Ireland was foretold by a forest appearing in the middle of a sea. He was fatally wounded by a poisoned arrow in the foot, although his still-talking head remained, and his brother Manawydan was one of only seven of his countrymen to survive. FTP, name this Welsh man too large to fit in any house ever built, who sailed to Ireland to rescue his similarly-named sister.