FASHION STRATEGIES STANDARDS ADDENDUM
Levels: 9-12
Units of Credit: .5
CIP Code: 20.0306
Prerequisite: None
History of Fashion (1.3)
1.3.1Trends repeat every 20-30 years
1.3.21890’s – (Victorian Era, Age of Optimism, Ragtime)
Women: Gibson Girl, corset, bustle, exaggerated hourglass silhouette; Men: winged shirt collars, sack coat, waistcoat (vest), ascot tie
1.3.31900’s – (Edwardian Era, Industrial Revolution, automobile, electricity)
Women: duster coat, shirtwaist, Leg O’ Mutton sleeves, s- curve silhouette; Men: first three piece suit, creased & cuffed trousers
1.3.41910’s – (WWI, women’s movement)
Women: hobble skirt, bathing suit, bloomers, inverted triangle silhouette; Men: military influence/trench coats
1.3.51920’s – (“Roaring ‘20’s’, Age of Jazz, prohibition)
Women: flapper, costume jewelry, cloche’ hat, raised waistlines, tubular (androgynous) silhouette; Men: pin-stripe suits, fedoras, sweaters, knickers, raccoon coat
1.3.61930’s – (Depression Era, movie star influence)
Women: bias cut dresses, waistline restored, hemlines dropped, elongated hourglass silhouette - long & slim with flared hem (think mermaid); Men: straight wide leg trousers, sweater vests; Children: hand-me downs, flour sack clothing
1.3.71940s – (WWII, rationing, couture leaves Paris, New York gains importance,)
Women: convertible suit, padded shoulders, slacks, no stockings, Eisenhower jacket inverted triangle silhouette; Men: military influence, bomber jacket
1.3.81950s – (baby boom, rock n’ roll, cold war)
Women: the ‘new look’, hourglass silhouette with accented lower half; Men: Flannel suit in charcoal gray, navy or brown, cardigan sweaters, hats; Teenager: a separate generation; Girls: poodle skirts, sweater sets, saddle shoes, capri pants; Boys: chinos, button down shirts, loafers OR tight jeans, t-shirts, leather jackets, Converse
1.3.91960s – (Civil rights, Vietnam Conflict, the ‘British Invasion’)
Women: mini skirts, pantsuits, bikini, Jackie Kennedy Look, pillbox hat, tubular silhouette; Men: bright colors, Nehru jackets, turtlenecks
1.3.101970s – (hippy to dicso, Energy Crisis, Watergate,)
Women: African culture influences, hemlines drop, punk emerges, unisex, elegance contrast/Laura Ashley, A-line silhouette; Men: leisure suits, bold neckties, flared pants, platform shoes
1.3.111980s –(“Me Generation”, YUPPIE, conservatism, conspicuous consumption)
Women: European “V” inverted triangle silhouette multiplicity…A)Power dressing/preppie – business suits, shoulder pads, khaki, sweaters, logo wear, designer jeans, B) Material /Valley Girl - flounced skirts, and polka-dotted crinolines, exercise wear; Men: return of pinstripes, narrow lapels, skinny ties
1.3.121990s – (Age of Electronics, technology, internet,)
Women: minimalism, casual wear, flared pants, street fashion, retro ‘60’s-‘70’s, triangular silhouette; Men: hip hop influence (grunge/oversize fit),
Major Fashion Capitals/Designers (1.4.1)
Major Fashion Capitals – A fashion capital is a location which is known for a high fashion influence and in which fashion is important. It shapes the fashion world via top model agencies and - more importantly - influential fashion designers
Paris, France, EU
- First fashion capital & considered the “mecca” of the fashion world. Home to some of the world's best designers and fashion houses. French fashion is chic and stylish, defined by its sophistication, cut and smart accessories.
- Paris designers include Coco Chanel, Yves Saint Laurent, Louis Vuitton, Pierre Cardin, Guy Laroche, John Paul Gaultier, Givenchy, and Christian Dior.
Milan, Italy, EU
- Italian fashion features casual elegance and luxurious fabrics.
- Well-known Italian fashion houses/designers include: Salvatore Ferragamo, Gucci, Dolce & Gabbana, Emilio Pucci, Versace, Giorgio Armani and Prada.
Tokyo, Japan
- The Japanese look is loose and unstructured (often resulting from complicated cutting), using richly colors tend to the somber and subtle, and richly textured fabrics. Famous
- Japanese designers are Yohji Yamamoto, Kenzo, Issey Miyake, and Rei Kawakubo.
London, England, EU
- British fashion houses are associated with a very traditional, style: elegant, yet conservative cuts, fine yet not overly extravagant materials and a sort of noble, even 'imperial' elegance. Modern British designers however, tend to favor a "rebel" look, characterized by an individualistic style that can be impractical. Oriented to the youth market.
- BritishDesigners include Vivienne Westwood, Betty Jackson, Paul Smith, Alexander McQueen, Stella McCartney, Matthew Williamson, Zandra Rhodes, and Christopher Kane.
New York City, New York, USA
- American fashion design is dominated by a clean-cut, casual style, reflecting the athletic, health-conscious lifestyles of many American city-dwellers.
- Influences on the American look have been Claire McCardell, Calvin Klein, Ralph Lauren, Donna Karan, Kenneth Cole, Marc Jacobs, Michael Kors, and Tommy Hilfiger