This Is an Example of Questions, Identifications and Matching Exercises at the Level Of

Biology 105 – Human Biology

Midterm Exam 2 Part 1 / Session 2016
Sections
Class Location
Days / Time
Instructor / Fall
69003 4 Units
2210 / 2030
T Th 800 AM – 920 AM LEC
T 930 AM – 1220 PM LAB
RIDDELL / Fall
69007 4 Units
2210 / 2030
T Th 800 AM – 920 AM LEC
Th 930 AM – 1220 PM LAB
RIDDELL

This is an example of questions, identifications and matching exercises at the level of an introduction to A&P.

Directions for Use. Read the correct answer for each question, statement. Then restate the question or statement incorporating the correct answer in a complete sentence. Repeat it to yourself verbally / audibly 3 X’s. Then go to the next question. See Example 1.

1.GENERAL ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

Characteristics of most living organisms include the ability to [Mark all that apply]

A) repair and completely restore itself during any type of injury.

B) respond and adapt to their environment.

C) control the external environment.

D) reproduce and develop

E) grow and exhibit traits based on their genetics.

2) The waste products of metabolism are eliminated through the process of

A) assimilation.

B) absorption.

C) excretion.

D) digestion.

E) resorption.

3) All of the chemical operations underway in the body refer to

A) systemic physiology.

B) special physiology.

C) cell physiology.

D) metabolism.

E) physiological chemistry.

4) Which of the following is an accurate characteristic of humans?

A) Nutrients are absorbed directly from the environment.

B) Excretion involves movement across exposed surfaces.

C) Body cells must travel to one part of the body for nutrients and to another for waste product removal.

D) Excretion is a simpler process than it is in smaller organisms.

E) Respiration is more complicated than it is in very small organisms.

5) Surface anatomy is a topic in the study of

A) systemic physiology.

B) cytology.

C) histology.

D) cell physiology.

E) macroscopic anatomy.

6) Studying all the superficial and internal features in one specific area of the body is called

A) gross anatomy.

B) surface anatomy.

C) systemic anatomy.

D) regional anatomy.

E) surgical anatomy.

7) The study of function is to ______as the study of form is to anatomy.

A) physiology

B) histology

C) microscopic anatomy

D) systemic anatomy

E) cytology

8) The study of cells and cellular structures is called

A) gross anatomy.

B) cytology.

C) histology.

D) organology.

E) microbiology.

9) Which of the following involves the study of events focused at the molecular level?

A) pathological physiology

B) systemic physiology

C) cytology

D) histology

E) cell physiology

10) The study of body structure is called ______.

A) physiology

B) homeostasis

C) anatomy

D) positive feedback

E) negative feedback

11) The branch of biological science that deals with how the liver functions is called ______.

A) endocrine physiology

B) histology

C) adrenal anatomy

D) hepatic cytology

E) renal physiology

12) Which specialty of anatomy focuses on the function and structure of the heart, blood, and blood vessels?

A) morphology

B) cardiology

C) cytology

D) histology

E) renology

14) A cardiologist studies the human body mainly with an approach resembling

A) gross anatomy.

B) surface anatomy.

C) microscopic anatomy.

D) systemic anatomy.

E) regional anatomy.

15) Which of the following is considered connective tissue?

A) blood

B) heart

C) peritoneum

D) basement membrane

E) mitochondrion

16) A collection of cells that work together designates a(n)

A) chemical.

B) organ.

C) tissue.

D) organ system.

E) molecule.

17) Which of the following is the simplest level of organization?

A) cellular

B) chemical

C) organ

D) system

E) tissue

18) The heart, blood, and blood vessels combine to form which of the following?

A) a group of cells

B) an organ system

C) the smallest level of organization

D) an organ

E) an individual living entity

19) Contractile protein fibers of the heart are considered to belong to which level of organization?

A) tissue

B) organism

C) cellular

D) chemical

E) organ

20) Which of the following is an accurate description of the cellular level of organization?

A) Cells consist of two or more different tissues working together to perform specific functions.

B) Cells are considered to be the largest living units in the body.

C) Cells are comprised of different molecules that interact to form larger structures, each type of which has a specific function.

D) Cells combine to form molecules with complex shapes, which determine their function(s).

E) Cardiac muscle is an example of the cellular level of organization.

21) The fact that

a single defective protein causes cystic fibrosis, a multisystemic illness, proves that

A) all organisms are composed of cells.

B) all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent.

C) chemical molecules make up cells.

D) all cells are independent of each other.

E) congenital defects can be life threatening.

22) The production of another human organism is the function of which of the following systems?

A) skeletal

B) reproductive

C) respiratory

D) lymphoid

E) cardiovascular

23) Coordinating the activities of other organ systems in order to direct immediate responses to stimuli is characteristic of the

A) integumentary system.

B) endocrine system.

C) nervous system.

D) cardiovascular system.

E) None of these is correct.

24) The trachea and lungs are components of the

A) endocrine system.

B) digestive system.

C) respiratory system.

D) urinary system.

E) lymphoid system.

25) The pituitary and thyroid glands are components of the

A) endocrine system.

B) cardiovascular system.

C) respiratory system.

D) lymphoid system.

E) digestive system.

26) Gas exchange is a function of the

A) cardiovascular system.

B) lymphoid system.

C) respiratory system.

D) urinary system.

E) endocrine system.

27) Which structure(s) is/are a component of the digestive system?

A) pituitary gland

B) ligaments

C) urethra

D) arteries

E) liver

28) Covering, protection, and thermoregulation are functions of which organ system of the human body?

A) integumentary

B) muscular

C) skeletal

D) nervous

E) endocrine

29) The thymus is associated with which organ system?

A) nervous

B) lymphatic

C) digestive

D) urinary

E) endocrine

30) Which of the following is characteristic of the endocrine system?

A) It releases chemical messengers called neurotransmitters.

B) It produces a more rapid response to body changes than the nervous system.

C) It can produce effects that last for days or longer.

D) It can produce an effect that involves only one tissue at a time.

E) It is an important thermoregulatory system.

31) What is/are the primary function(s) of the skeletal system?

A) protection from environment

B) internal transport of materials

C) support, protection, and mineral storage

D) delivery of air for gas exchange

E) locomotion and heat production

Figure 1-1 The Organ Systems of the Human Body

Use Figure 1-1 to answer the following question(s)

32) Which organ system is labeled #1?

A) nervous system

B) reproductive system

C) integumentary system

D) lymphatic system

E) muscular system

33) What is(are) the function(s) of the organ system labeled #3?

A) help control body temperature

B) provides support; produces heat

C) provides support; protects tissues; stores minerals

D) directs immediate responses to stimuli

E) defends against infection and disease

34) Lungs are to the respiratory system as the spleen is to the

A) lymphatic system.

B) urinary system.

C) digestive system.

D) cardiovascular system.

E) muscular system.

35) A structure that senses change is called a(n) ______.

A) stimulus

B) receptor

C) effector

D) integration center

E) control center

36) The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions with respect to the external environment is called ______.

A) integration

B) internal regulation

C) responsiveness

D) homeostasis

E) external regulation

2. CHEMISTRY

9) Which of the following elements is found in all organic molecules?

A) nitrogen

B) oxygen

C) iron

D) carbon

E) copper

10) Atoms of the same element have the same number of ______but may have a different number of ______.

A) protons; electrons

B) electrons; protons

C) electrons; neutrons

D) neutrons; electrons

E) protons; neutrons

16) Combinations of atoms that contain two or more different elements are called

A) molecules.

B) compounds.

C) mixtures.

D) isotopes.

E) None of these are correct.

29) The term that applies to all of the composition reactions that occur in metabolism is ______.

A) anabolism

B) dehydration synthesis

C) catabolism

D) ionization

E) homeostasis

30) Reactions that ultimately result in larger molecules formed from smaller ones are called ______reactions.

A) hydrolysis

B) reversible

C) exergonic

D) dissociation

E) synthesis

3. THE CELL

1) The smallest living things are

A) proteins.

B) organ systems.

C) tissues.

D) organs.

E) cells.

2) The intracellular fluid inside a cell is known as

A) cytosol.

B) protoplasm.

C) extracellular fluid.

D) cytoplasm.

E) a colloidal gel.

3) Which of the following describes the four basic concepts of cells?

A) cell theory

B) Darwinian theory

C) cell cycle

D) mitotic theory

E) theory of differentiation

4) Which of the following is a concept of the cell theory?

A) Cells are the basic structural unit of life.

B) Tissues are the site of control.

C) Organelles are the basic functional unit of life.

D) Cells are produced by meiosis.

E) Cells are immortal.

4. HISTOLOGY

Can you complete this classification of tissues?

Connective
Fibrous
Loose
Adipose

Areolar

Reticular
Dense
Elastic
Irregular
Regular
Supportive
Cartilage
Elastic
Fibro

Hyaline

Bone
Compact
Spongy
Fluid
Blood
Cells

Erythrocytes

Leukocytes
Platelets
Plasma
Lymph /

Muscle

Cardiac
Skeletal
Smooth

Nervous

Neuroglia
Neurons
Epithelial
Simple
Columnar
Ciliated
Non Ciliated
Cuboidal
Squamous
Stratified
Cuboidal

Columnar

Squamous
Keratinized
Non Keratinized
Pseudostratified
Transitional

1) Which of the following is one of the four main types of tissue?

A) glandular

B) cardiac

C) serous

D) epithelial

E) skeletal

2) Collections of specialized cells and cell products that perform a specific function are

A) cellular aggregates.

B) tissues.

C) organs.

D) organ systems.

E) cellular strata.

3) The study of tissues is called ______.

A) systemic physiology

B) pathology

C) cell physiology

D) cytology

E) histology

4) The tissue type in the body that stores energy is ______tissue.

A) epithelial

B) connective

C) muscle

D) nervous

E) contractive

20) Which of the following accounts for most of the volume of connective tissues?

A) blood vessels

B) lipid molecules

C) carbohydrates

D) cells

E) extracellular matrix

Figure 4-3 Epithelial Tissue Use Figure 4-3 to answer the following question

21) Identify the type of epithelial tissue shown in the figure.

A) simple squamous

B) stratified squamous

C) pseudostratified ciliated columnar

D) simple cuboidal

E) transitional

22) Flattened cells on the surface of an epithelial tissue are characteristic of ______epithelia.

A) squamous

B) ciliated

C) columnar

D) transitional

E) cuboidal

23) The type of epithelium that is found in the exchange surfaces of the lungs is

A) simple squamous.

B) stratified squamous.

C) simple cuboidal.

D) stratified cuboidal.

E) transitional.

24) Which of the following is a correct statement about stratified epithelia?

A) They afford little mechanical protection.

B) They are characteristic of regions where secretion or absorption occurs.

C) They line only internal compartments and passageways.

D) They cover surfaces that are subjected to mechanical or chemical stress.

E) They are vascular.

31) Which of the following is a type of connective tissue?

A) muscle tissue

B) nervous tissue

C) bone tissue

D) simple squamous tissue

E) glandular tissue

32) The connective tissue fiber type that can be stretched, and then returns to its original length, is called

A) collagen.

B) elastin.

C) actin.

D) myosin.

E) fibrin.

33) The cell that accounts for almost half of the volume of blood is the

A) red blood cell.

B) leukocyte.

C) platelet.

D) thrombocyte.

E) megakaryocyte.

36) Connective tissue structures that attach muscles to bone are called

A) mast cells.

B) tendons.

C) ligaments.

D) cartilage.

E) nerves.

37) Which of the following is a supportive connective tissue?

A) cartilage

B) blood

C) adipose connective tissue

D) dense connective tissue

E) areolar connective tissue

41) Which connective tissue type provides insulation?

A) dense regular connective tissue

B) fluid connective tissue

C) adipose tissue

D) dense irregular connective tissue

E) areolar tissue

61) Tissue that is specialized for contraction is ______tissue.

A) cartilage

B) nervous

C) epithelial

D) connective

E) muscle

62) The muscle tissue without striations is ______muscle.

A) skeletal

B) smooth

C) cardiac

D) voluntary

E) multinucleated

63) The muscle tissue that contains intercalated discs is ______muscle.

A) skeletal

B) smooth

C) cardiac

D) voluntary

E) multinucleate

64) ______cells are specialized for contraction.

A) Epithelial

B) Neural

C) Muscle

D) Connective tissue

E) Glandular

65) The muscle tissue that contains very large, multinucleate cells is ______muscle.

A) skeletal

B) smooth

C) cardiac

D) voluntary

E) multinucleate

66) Which tisue is found in the walls of blood vessels, and in digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive organs?

A) skeletal muscle

B) striated muscle

C) intercalated muscle

D) smooth muscle

E) cardiac muscle

73) Which type of tissue contains neuroglial cells?

A) connective

B) epithelial

C) muscle

D) neural

E) squamous

74) Cells of neural tissue that support the tissue are called

A) neuroglia.

B) neurons.

C) fibroblasts.

D) adipocytes.

E) mast cells.

6. SKELETAL SYSTEM

1) Which of the following primary functions of the skeletal system applies to the role of bone marrow?

A) support

B) storage

C) protection

D) blood cell production

E) movement

Answer D

6-1

2) Red bone marrow functions in the formation of

A) adipose tissue.

B) new bone.

C) blood cells.

D) osteoblasts.

E) osteocytes.

Answer C

6-1

3) Regulatory functions of the skeletal system include

A) maintaining the normal concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions in body fluids.

B) absorbing the shock of unexpected rapid body movements.

C) facilitating transmission of nerve impulses.

D) cushioning abdominal organs such as the kidneys.

E) contracting muscles.

Answer A

6-1

4) Which of the following is an example of the skeletal system's primary function of providing structural support?

A) Calcium salts are found in bone.

B) Bones change the magnitude and direction of the forces generated by skeletal muscles.

C) Red marrow fills the internal cavities of many bones.

D) The skull encloses the brain.

E) Individual bones provide a framework for the attachment of soft tissues and organs.

5) The primary function of ______is exemplified when bones function as levers.

A) support

B) protection

C) movement

D) storage

E) blood cell production

Answer C

6-1

6) Bone cells capable of dissolving the bony matrix are termed

A) chondrocytes.

B) osteons.

C) osteoclasts.

D) osteocytes.

E) osteoblasts.

Answer C

6-2

7) Immature, active bone cells that produce new bone matrix are termed

A) osteocytes.

B) stem cells.

C) osteoblasts.

D) osteoclasts.

E) chondrocytes.

Answer C

6-2

8) Osseous tissue is classified as which of the following?

A) neural tissue

B) nonstriated muscle tissue

C) connective tissue

D) epithelial tissue

E) striated muscle tissue

Answer C

6-2

9) Narrow sheets of calcified matrix are referred to as

A) osteons.

B) canaliculi.

C) lamellae.

D) osteoclasts.

E) central canals.

10) Spongy bone is made up of a network of bony rods or plates called

A) trabeculae.

B) osteons.

C) lamellae.

D) canaliculi.

E) perforating canals.

11) The connective tissue covering the outer surface of a bone is (the)

A) matrix.

B) osteon.

C) periosteum.

D) endosteum.

E) articular cartilage.

12) The bones of the limbs are classified as

A) short bones.

B) long bones.

C) flat bones.

D) sesamoid bones.

E) irregular bones.

13) Which of the following is found only in compact bone?

A) trabeculae

B) canaliculi

C) osteoblasts

D) osteons

E) marrow

14) The medullar cavity of a long bone is lined with ______.

A) periosteum

B) endosteum

C) lacunae

D) lamellae

E) osteon

15) The shaft of a long bone is called the ______.

A) epiphysis

B) trabecula

C) canaliculus

D) diaphysis

E) lamella

16) Tarsal bones are classified as ______bones.

A) long

B) flat

C) short

D) irregular

E) sesamoid

38) Which of the following is part of the appendicular skeleton?

A) the skull

B) the manubrium

C) the sternum

D) the scapula

E) the vertebrae

39) Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton?

A) clavicle

B) patella

C) carpal bones

D) ribs

E) coxal bones

40) The appendicular skeleton contains ______bones.

A) 80

B) 206

C) 126

D) 64

E) 62

44) The atlas is classified as a ______vertebra.

A) thoracic

B) lumbar

C) sacral

D) cervical

E) cccygeal

45) Ribs that are connected to the sternum by separate cartilaginous extensions are called ______ribs.

A) false

B) true

C) floating

D) vertebrochondral

E) sternal

46) The coronal suture is the boundary between which bones?

A) frontal and parietal

B) frontal and nasal

C) frontal and sphenoid

D) parietal and temporal

E) nasal and vomer

47) Bones of the skull that articulate with the nasal bones include (the)

A) temporal bone.

B) ethmoid bone.

C) zygomatic bone.

D) sphenoid.

E) maxillary bone.

50) The bone that makes up the lower jaw is the

A) mandible.

B) maxillary.

C) zygomatic.

D) temporal.

E) cribriform plate.

51) Which of the following curves develops as a child begins to stand and walk?

A) lumbar

B) thoracic

C) sacral

D) cervical

E) cervical and sacral

52) The vertebral column contains ______cervical vertebrae.

A) 4

B) 5

C) 7

D) 12

E) 31

53) The vertebral column contains ______lumbar vertebrae.

A) 4

B) 5

C) 7

D) 12

E) 31

54) Humans have ___ ribs.

A) 2

B) 6

C) 10

D) 12

E) 24

55) The coccyx is typically composed of ______fused vertebrae.

A) 1-2

B) 3-5

C) 6-7

D) 7-8

E) 9-11

56) The maxillary bones articulate with all other facial bones except the ______.

A) zygomatic bones

B) palatine bones

C) vomer

D) ethmoid bone

E) mandible

57) Bones encased within the temporal bone that are involved in sound detection are called

A) optic bones.

B) external acoustic meatus.

C) internal acoustic meatus.

D) auditory ossicles.

E) crista galli.

59) True ribs are directly connected to the sternum by ______.

A) articular cartilages

B) costal cartilages

C) costal facets

D) sternal ligaments

E) costal ligaments

60) Ribs that have no connection to the sternum are called ______.

A) false ribs

B) floating ribs

C) vertebrosternal ribs

D) true ribs

E) vertebrochondral ribs

66) The primary / accommodating curves of the vertebral column are the

A) cervical and lumbar.

B) cervical and thoracic.

C) cervical and sacral.

D) thoracic and sacral.

E) thoracic and lumbar.

66) The secondary / compensatory curves of the vertebral column are the

A) cervical and lumbar.

B) cervical and thoracic.

C) cervical and sacral.

D) thoracic and sacral.

E) thoracic and lumbar.

71) The hyoid bone

A) serves as a base for muscles associated with the larynx, tongue, and pharynx.

B) provides a site for the attachment of muscles that rotate or extend the head.

C) marks the point of articulation with the lower jaw.

D) contributes to the nasal septum.

E) is the attachment point for the temporalis muscle.

74) The C1 vertebra forms a pivot joint with the C2 vertebra through a projection called the ______.

A) transverse process

B) pedicle

C) dens

D) spinous process

E) superior articular process

83) Functions of the curves of the vertebral column include which of the following?

A) aligns the body's weight in line with the body axis

B) aligns the weight of the trunk over the arms only

C) shifts the weight of the trunk forward

D) increases the ability to extend the limbs

E) keeps the vertebral column straight and rigid

96) The ankle consists of ______tarsal bones.

A) two

B) five

C) six

D) seven

E) eight

97) The clavicle articulates with the

A) manubrium.

B) ribs.

C) humerus.

D) body of the sternum.

E) cervical vertebrae.

100) The coxal bone forms by the fusion of which components?

A) the obturator, ilium, and acromion

B) the ilium, ischium, and pubis

C) the ala, ilium, and capitulum

D) the acetabulum, femoral head, and pubis

E) the sacrum, coccyx, and acetabulum

101) The pectoral girdle consists of the

A) clavicle and humerus.

B) clavicle, scapula, and humerus.

C) clavicle and scapula.

D) clavicle, scapula, and sternum.

E) scapula and humerus.

106) The only direct connection between the pectoral girdle and the axial skeleton is where the

A) scapula articulates with the ribs.

B) clavicle articulates with the manubrium.

C) humerus articulates with the rib cage.

D) scapula articulates with the clavicle.