Being Eu-nique (page 120)
What are the characteristics of eukaryotic cells? All organisms are made up of one or more cells, but what kindsof cells? There are two types of organisms: ______and ______. Prokaryotes are made up of a single prokaryoticcell. Eukaryotes are made up of ______eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells do not have a ______or membrane-boundorganelles. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles,including a nucleus.
Eukaryotic cells can differ from each other depending ontheir______and______. A cell’s structure is the arrangementof its parts. A cell’s function is the activity the parts carry out. Forexample, plant cells and animal cells have different parts that havedifferent functions for the organism. This is what make ______and ______so different from each other. Even cells within the sameorganism can differ from each other depending on their function. Most of the cells in ______organisms are ______toperform a specific function. However, all eukaryotic cells share some. They all have a nucleus, membrane-boundorganelles, and parts that protect and support the cell
Parts that Protect and Support the Cell Every cell is surrounded by a cell membrane. The cell membrane acts as a barrier between theinside of a cell and the cell’s environment. Thecell membrane protects the cell and ______what enters and leaves the cell.
The ______is the region between thecell membrane and the nucleus that includes ______and all of the organelles. Throughout thecytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is a ______. The cytoskeleton is a network of proteinfilaments that gives ______and ______to cells. The cytoskeleton is also involved in ______and in movement. It may help parts within thecell to move. Or it may form structures that helpthe whole organism to move.
Describe: What are two functionsof the cell membrane?
Genetic Material in the Nucleus.The nucleus is an organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains thecell’s genetic material. ______acid, or ______, is storedin the nucleus. DNA is genetic material that contains informationneeded for cell processes, such as making proteins. ______perform most actions of a cell. Although DNA is found in thenucleus, proteins are not made there. Instead, instructions forhow to make proteins are stored in DNA. These instructions aresent out of the nucleus through pores in the nuclear membrane.
The nuclear membrane is a double layer. Each layer is similar in______to the cell membrane.
Part-iculars
What organelles are found in plant and animal cells? Even though plant and animal cells are ______, they are very complex. They have many parts that function to keep the cell alive. Many of these parts are membrane-bound organelles that perform a specific function.
The Plant Cell
What additional parts are found inplant cells?
Think about some ways that plants are different from animals. Plants don’t move around, and some have flowers. Plant cellsdo have a ______, cytoskeleton, ______, ______,ribosomes, ER, and a Golgi complex just like animal cells do. Inaddition, plant cells have a ______, ______central vacuole, and ______. Animal cells do not have these structures.
The Animal Cell
Compare: Draw a sketch for each organelle identified in the Structure column. Tell the function of the cell part. Put a P for Plant, A for animal, and B for both in the last column, indicating in which type of cell you will find that structure. You do NOT need to color the drawings.
Structure / Function / Drawing / Plant / Animal Cell/ BothNucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Complex
Ribosome
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
Large Central Vacuole
Lysosome
Complete Page 129 in your textbook and DO NOT TEAR it out of the book. Turn this assignment in on the due date.