CANADA IN THE POST WWII PERIOD – INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
QUESTIONS
- What two political ideologies were in conflict during the Cold War?
- The ongoing tension during the Cold War was between what two superpowers?
- Who is part of NATO and what was the original purpose of this organization?
- Why was Canada viewed as a “middle power” after World War II?
- What defence system was created to protect North America from the threat of nuclear war?
- What was Lester Pearson’s solution to the Suez Canal Crisis?
- What event caused the start of the Vietnam War?
- How did the Korean War start?
- Which Canadian project, cancelled in 1959, had the potential to establish Canada as an aerospace technological leader?
- Who came up with the idea of the United Nations Emergency Force?
- Which country influenced Canada’s political, social, and economic spheres after WWII?
- The period between 1945 and 1991, characterized by tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States, is known as what?
- What is the name of the body of the UN responsible for maintaining peace and security?
- What organization was set up after WWII to stop future wars and spread human rights?
- Which 5 countries make up the permanent members of the UN Security Council?
- Which organization was formed in Canada in 1968 to boost foreign aid to less industrialized countries?
- Define “tied aid”.
- What was the ‘Cold War’?
- Who discovered a Soviet spy ring in Canada and had to go into hiding to protect himself and his family?
- What was the Warsaw Pact and who was in it?
- Name the 2 governing bodies of the UN.
- List in order the ways the UN can deal with an international situation.
- What was Canada’s contribution to the Korean War?
- How did the Cuban Missile Crisis impact Canada-US relations?
- How did the Vietnam War impact Canada-US relations?
- While Canada did not official enter the Vietnam War, what contributions to some Canadians make?
- Defend this argument: “Nuclear weapons have brought peace to the world”.
- What was the slogan used by the West to describe the threat of communist expansion?
- Identify 2 international organizations Canada has ties with based on its colonial past.
- Compare how Diefenbaker and Pearson viewed the installation of US Bomarc missiles on Canadian soil.
- Explain the Strategic Defence Initiative (SDI), aka “Star Wars” and Canada’s relationship with this American initiative.
- Name 2 PMs who wanted to distance Canada from American foreign policy.
- Name 1 PM who forged a close relationship with America (politically and economically).
- How did the Persian Gulf War start in 1990? Over what issue?
- What role did Canada play in the Persian Gulf War?
- How many casualties did Canada suffer in the Persian Gulf War?
- Why did the UN launch “Operation Restore Hope” in Somalia in 1992?
- Describe the event that disgraced Canada and Canadians during “Operation Restore Hope”.
- What caused the Rwandan Genocide in 1994?
- What role did Canada play in the Rwandan Genocide?
- Why did over 1 million Tutsis die in a 3 month time period?
- What was the cause of the civil war in Yugoslavia in 1998?
- What role did Canada play in the Yugoslavia conflict?
CANADA IN THE POST WWII PERIOD – INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ANSWERS
- Communism and democracy
- United States and Soviet Union
- NATO includes Canada, US, Western European nations; the purpose was to stop the spread of communism
- It was becoming influential in international affairs
- NORAD
- Creations of the United Nations Emergency Force
- Communist forces from North Vietnam invaded South Vietnam
- North Korea invaded South Korea
- Avro Arrow
- Lester B. Pearson
- United States
- The Cold War
- UN Security Council
- United Nations
- Britain, France, United States, Russia, China
- CIDA (Canadian International Development Agency)
- Assistance given by one country to another that requires the receiving country to buy goods and services from the donor country.
- A period in history from 1945-1990 that was dominated by icy tensions between communist countries and democracies/capitalist states and fear of nuclear war
- Igor Gouzenko
- Warsaw Pact was created in opposition to NATO; comprised of the Soviet Union and their communist satellite states
- General Assembly and Security Council
- A) verbal condemnation B) economic sanctions C) deploy armed forces (UNEF)
- 3 naval destroyers and 25,000+ soldiers
- It created tension between Canada and America b/c Diefenbaker initially did not adhere to US requests to put NORAD on alert or allow US planes carrying atomic weapons to land on Canadian soil
- It created tension because we did not join the war effort and gave refuge to draft dodgers
- Some Canadians volunteered to join the US Forces; some Canadian companies made and sold military supplies and armaments to the US
- Fear of nuclear war and mass destruction/annihilation had limited acts of aggression in the post WWII period
- “The Red Menace”
- a) The Commonwealth b) La Francophonie
- Diefenbaker said we shouldn’t accept them; Pearson said we should accept them
- SDI was a defence shield that would protect North America from nuclear attack; Canada did not participate in this American led initiative as it was believed it would escalate the chance of war
- Trudeau; Chretien
- Mulroney
- Iraq invaded Kuwait; oil
- Canada joined the UN multinational force (led by the US); we contributed 2 destroyers, a supply ship, fight jets, a field hospital, and army personnel
- No deaths or injuries
- A civil war in the country had left thousands starving
- Canadian soldiers tortured and killed a Somali teen and the military tried to cover it up
- Hutus killed Tutsis
- Romeo Dallaire was the Canadian General that let the UN peacekeeping mission
- UN did not send in reinforcements that were needed (US did not back the mission)
- Serbian President, Slobodan Milosevic, ordered the genocide of Albanian Muslims in Kosovo
- As a member of NATO, the RCAF conducted air strikes on Yugoslavia