Atmosphere and Weather Notes (Chp. 17)

- #1______ played the main role in forming the Earth’s early atmosphere.

- We call the mixture of many gases in Earth’s lower atmosphere #2______

- The amount of #3______ in the air varies with location, season, and time of day and is therefore not included in the pie chart below.

I.  Composition if the atmosphere:

  1. The composition of the atmosphere has remained stable due to Earth’s natural and #7______
  2. Animals breath out the gas #8______and breath in the gas #9______
  3. Plants breath out the gas #10______and breath in #11______
  4. The amount of #12______ in the atmosphere has steadily increased.
  5. #13______ has increased due to the burning of fossil fuels such as
  6. #14______
  7. #15______
  8. #16______
  9. Energy from the #17______drives the #18______ and is essential to almost all life on earth.
  10. Radiation is the transfer of energy through space in the form of #19______, #20______and other types of #21______.
  11. #22______ is the transfer of heat through the collisions of the atoms or molecules of a substance.
  12. #23 ______ is the transfer of heat energy in a liquid or gas through the motion of the fluid caused by differences in density.

Heat and Temperature:

  1. #24 Heat and __Temperature are related, they are not the same.
  2. A large cup of tea has more #25 than a small cup of tea even though they are at the same temperature.
  3. A thermometer measures #26 not #27 .
  4. Ice melts at #28 °C and boils at #29______°C.

II.  Layers of the atmosphere:

  1. #43______-closest to earth

i.  Nearly 80% of the total mass of the atmosphere

  1. most weather occurs in this layer
  2. most pollutants stay here

b.  #44______

  1. solar energy absorbed by ozone layer
  2. Ozone = O3 absorbs harmful UV rays
  3. Without it skin cancer would be high
  4. destroyed by chlorofluorocarbons and aircraft fuel
  5. #45______ gases remain here

c.  #46______

  1. meteors burn up here

d.  #47______

  1. highly #48______ from UV rays from the sun knocking electrons off oxygen and Nitrogen
  2. can disrupt #49______.
  3. northern lights-Aurora Borealis

e.  Thermosphere

  1. Temp. increases to above 1000°C
  2. Exosphere-outermost layer
  3. most satellites are here, basically like space
  4. The pauses-transitions between layers and temperature remains same

i.  #50______(closest to earth)

ii.  #51______

  1. #52______(furthest from earth)