Physical Science – MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE
Figure 1-1
What type of graph is represented by Figure 1-1?______
Work is a transfer of______
What is transferred by a force moving an object through a distance?______
The energy of motion is called______
A small 50-kilogram canoe is floating downriver at a speed of 2 m/s. What is the canoe’s kinetic energy?______
A 12-kg sled is moving at a speed of 3.0 m/s. At which of the following speeds will the sled have twice as much kinetic energy? (Hint- several steps are involved- ask for help!!)______
An object’s gravitational potential energy is directly related to ______
Give an example of an object with elastic potential energy?______
Why is the gravitational potential energy of an object 1 meter above the moon’s surface less than its potential energy 1 meter above Earth’s surface?______
A 6-kilogram dog is resting on top of a desk that is 1.5 meters high. What is the cat’s gravitational potential energy relative to the floor if the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2?______
The gravitational potential energy of an object is always measured relative to the______
The energy stored in gasoline is______
The total potential and kinetic energy of all the microscopic particles in an object make up its______
Walking converts what type of energy into mechanical energy? ______
Nuclear power plants are designed to convert nuclear energy into what type of energy? ______
Solar cells convert what type of energy into electrical energy? ______
What is the law of conservation of energy? ______
The mechanical energy of an object equals its______
If objects get hot enough they can emit ______
In what substance would conduction happen faster- metal or wood? ______
A drawback of solar energy is that it______
What is the transfer of thermal energy with no overall transfer of matter? ______
In order for conduction to occur, materials must be______
An example of a good conductor is______
If a material does not conduct thermal energy well it is known as an______
When hot air rises and cool air sinks, what is taking place? ______
The transfer of energy by waves is______
How are science and technology related? ______
In which step of the scientific method is information obtained through the senses? ______
What is a statement that summarizes a pattern found in nature? ______
Why are scientific models important? ______
Name an example of a safe laboratory procedure? ______
Describe clocks that offer the most precision ______
What is a system of knowledge and the methods used to find that knowledge? ______
What are the building blocks of all matter? ______
What happens when the data in an investigation do not support the original hypothesis? ______
Can scientific theories be proven? ______
What is the most important safety rule? ______
How is 0.00025 written in scientific notation? ______
What is 1 centimeter equal to? ______
On the Celsius scale, at what temperature does water boil? ______
How do scientists communicate the results of investigations? ______
Newton’s third law of motion describes______
As an astronaut travels far away from Earth, her weight______
Describe a distance that can be accurately measured with a ruler? ______
A person drives north 3 blocks, then turns east and drives 3 blocks. The driver then turns south and drives 3 blocks. How could the driver have made the distance shorter while maintaining the same displacement? ______
Objects in free fall near the surface of the Earth experience______
A person walks 1 mile every day for exercise, leaving her front porch at 9:00 A.M. and returning to her front porch at 9:25 A.M. What is the total displacement of her daily walk? ______
A car traveled 88 km in 1 hour, 90 km in the next 2 hours, and then 76 km in 1 hour before reaching its destination. What was the car’s average speed? ______
The slope of a speed-time graph indicates______
An object moving at 30 m/s takes 5 s to come to a stop. What is the object’s acceleration? ______
What is the momentum of a 50-kilogram ice skater gliding across the ice at a speed of 2 m/s? ______
A horizontal line on a distance-time graph means the object is______
The product of an object’s mass and velocity is its______
When an unbalanced force acts on an object, ______
Why is the gravitational potential energy of an object 1 meter above the moon’s surface less than its potential energy 1 meter above Earth’s surface? ______
The drag force acting on an falling sky diver is also known as ______.
The force that opposes the motion of objects that touch as they move pass each other is called ______.
A car’s speedometer measures ______.
When a falling object reaches terminal velocity, the net force acting on it is ______.
The force of gravity acting on an object is the object’s ______.
If the forces acting on an object produce a net force of zero, the forces are called ______.
The slope of a line on a distance-time graph is______
The forces acting on a falling leaf are______
Vector addition is used when motion involves______
An orange might roll off your cafeteria tray when you stop suddenly because of______
What kind of friction occurs as a fish swims through water? ______
An object that is accelerating may be______
An open parachute increases air resistance of a falling sky diver by______
Describe constant acceleration due ONLY to a change in direction______
The rate at which velocity changes is called______
The gravitational force between two objects increases as mass______
According to Newton’s second law of motion, the acceleration of an object equals the net force acting on the object divided by the object’s______
One kilometer equals 1000 meters. What does the prefix kilo- mean? ______
Describe an appropriate SI unit to express the speed of a cyclist in the last leg of a 10-km race ______
Describe a situation where action and reaction forces are involved ______
Describe a change in motion that produces acceleration______
Your weight equals your______
Suppose you increase your walking speed from 1 m/s to 3 m/s in a period of 2 s. What is your acceleration? ______
A ball is rolled uphill a distance of 3 meters before it slows, stops, and begins to roll back. The ball rolls downhill 6 meters before coming to rest against a tree. What is the magnitude of the ball’s displacement? ______