Community Development and Training Centre

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING CENTRE/

TONGA INSTITUTE OF HIGHER EDUCATION

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

Semester 1 Examination - 2005

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. This paper consists of TWO (2) Sections:

1. Both Sections are COMPULSORY.
2. Answer all the questions in the spaces provided in this booklet.
3. Answer all questions in black or blue pen.
4. Write your ID number on the space provided.

SECTION I: AGRICULTURAL FARMING SYSTEM 60 marks

PART ASHORT ANSWERS 20 marks

Question 1. 10 marks

Fill in the gaps with the most suitable word(s). Each question is worth 1 mark, except for question 3 worth 3 marks.

1. The first agricultural system recorded in the world was
2. In Systems Theory, it looks at a situation as
3. In a Farm household system, three sub-systems closely interacting are

;; and

4.True Tongan Traditional Agriculture was very much influenced by

5.Generative propagation is another name for propagation.

6.Cultivation of crops in large areas with big areas of open space is called

7.Methyl bromide is a chemical used for

8.One disadvantage of using cuttings in plant propagation is

Question 2. 10 marks

State whether the following statements are True or False by putting T if it is True or F is it is False in the space provided in front of each Question.

1. Vegetative propagation is an asexual means of plant propagation

2. Most tropical crops are not affected by day-length

3. Cassava is grown last in the Traditional Tongan Crop rotation because it puts

nutrients back to the soil quickly.

4. As the population increases, agricultural systems practiced become more

permanent.

5. Tongan agricultural systems have evolved over the centuries by trial and error.

6. Today, Agricultural systems in Tonga is dominated by subsistence farming,

practicing shifting cultivation.

7. One disadvantage of vegetative propagation is the quick spread of virus

diseases.

8. Spacers are good medias to use because they supply nutrients to the plant.

9. Mixed cropping supply higher energy per-unit area than mono-cropping.

10. The scientific name for “Talo Tonga” is Alocasiamacrorrhiza.

PART B:SHORT PARAGRAPHS 20 marks

Write short paragraphs on ANY FOUR of the following topics. Each question is worth 5 marks.

1. Shifting Cultivation
2. Permanent Cultivation and RainfedLand
3. Crop Selection and Scheduling
4. Advantages of Mixed-farming
5. Changes in Agricultural Systems in the Tropics.

PART C: 20 marks

Write an essay on ANY TWO of the following topics. Each question is worth 10 marks.

1. Discuss the importance and use of Crop Rotation in Agriculture
2. Write on the “True Traditional Tongan Agriculture”
3. Discuss the importance of Agriculture in the Economy of Tonga
4. Write on the advantages and disadvantages of Vegetative Propagation.

SECTION II: LIVESTOCK FARMING SYSTEM 50 marks

Question 1. (6 marks)

Explain the characteristic of 2 systems of raising poultry farms in Tonga.

Question 2. (6 marks)

List 3 systems of raising pigs in Tonga and give clear characteristics, and disadvantages of Extensive piggery.

Question 3. (4 marks)

What are the 4 main areas to you want to improve in our current system of raising pig and poultry in Tonga?

Question 4. (4 marks)

What are the advantages and disadvantage of Deep litter system?

Question 5. (4 marks)

How can you prevent a sow from overlying or crushing her piglet during the farrowing?

Question 6. (6 marks)

Explain 2 systems of raising cattle in Tonga.

Question 7. (6 marks)

Differentiate the rotational grazing and strip grazing in dairy cattle farming.

Question 8. (6 marks)

List improves grass and legume species available in Tonga and what is the best combination rate or ratio of grass to legume in a cattle paddock.

Question 9.

Answer either Question 9(a) OR 9(b).

Question 9(a) (8 marks)

Draw and layout an Intensive piggery for 2 pregnant sow unit with one boar and the 5 weaners.

Question 9(b) (8 marks)

How do you raise 20 laying chickens from one day old to 20 weeks or at point of lay? Remember to consider the following:

(a)Brooder temperature (ºC).

(b)Type of feed.

(c)When the feeds tend to change.

(d)Average amount of feed per chicken per day at

1st week ______

10thweek ______

20th week ______

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