Civil War and Reconstruction Unit Test
Matching:
a. Robert E. Lee c. Jefferson Davis e. Abraham Lincoln
b. Ulysses S. Grant d. Stonewall Jackson ab. Andrew Johnson
1. I led the Confederate forces to victory at the First Battle of Bull Run; the Union forces
couldn’t break through my defense lines. After the Battle of Chancellorsville, I was shot while
riding back into camp.
2. After my successes in the Western Campaign, Lincoln made me Supreme Commander of the
Union forces. After the war, I became President of the United States.
3. I was the President of the Confederate States of America.
4. My unsuccessful Presidency began after Lincoln’s assassination. I was later impeached.
5. I led the Confederate troops until I finally surrendered for the CSA at Appomattox.
6. My main goal throughout the Civil War was to keep the country united as ONE country.
7. Until he issued the Emancipation Proclamation, President Lincoln said the main purpose of
the war was to
a. preserve the Union c. abolish slavery
b. defend states’ rights d. defend the honor of the North
8. The main purpose of the northern blockade during the Civil War was to prevent
a. British volunteers from reaching the South
b. Confederate officials from escaping to Europe
c. the South from exporting cotton and importing manufactured goods
d. the South from invading the North by sea
9. The Emancipation Proclamation
a. made all slavery illegal
b. actually set all southern slaves free
c. caused the Civil War
d. freed all slaves held in the Confederate states
10. Why did the North want to capture Atlanta during the Civil War?
a. It interfered with trade on the Mississippi
b. The war would be over if it was captured
c. It was a major railroad hub and its capture would disrupt southern industry
d. It would end Georgia’s support of slavery
11. Which state did Sherman’s March to the Sea devastate?
a. South Carolina c. Georgia
b. Virginia d. Tennessee
12. Abraham Lincoln was assassinated
a. accidentally by a Union soldier
b. while attending a play at Ford’s theater
c. by a bitter member of his cabinet
d. while riding through Dealey Plaza in Dallas
13. Abolitionists believed that
a. / slavery should be extended into the territories.b. / slavery was morally wrong.
c. / freed slaves would compete with whites for jobs.
d. / slaves were healthier and happier than northern wage workers.
14. The Compromise of 1850
a. / led to “Bleeding Kansas.” / c. / admitted California as a free state.b. / admitted Texas as a slave state. / d. / prohibited popular sovereignty.
15. Which law nullified the Missouri Compromise?
a. / the Wilmot Proviso / c. / the Kansas-Nebraska Actb. / the Fugitive Slave Act / d. / the Compromise of 1850
16. Why did southern states secede from the Union?
a. / to protect their property and way of lifeb. / to strengthen economic ties with the North
c. / to win the support of France and Great Britain
d. / to increase their influence in national government
17. The Civil War began when
a. / Confederate forces fired on an unarmed supply ship.b. / South Carolina seceded.
c. / President Lincoln sent food to Fort Sumter
d. / the Confederates opened fire on Fort Sumter.
18. One advantage that the South had in the Civil War was its
a. / large population. / c. / mechanized factories.b. / strong military leadership / d. / large railroad network.
19. The Emancipation Proclamation
a. / freed all enslaved people in the Union.b. / redefined the war as being “about slavery.”
c. / encouraged the southern states to surrender.
d. / marked a turning point in the Union effort in the West.
20. Which battle turned the tide of the war in favor of the Union?
a. / the Battle of Gettysburg / c. / the Battle of Chancellorsvilleb. / the Battle of Fredericksburg / d. / the Battle of Petersburg
21. The Civil War ended when General Lee surrendered in
a. / Petersburg, Virginia. / c. / Richmond, Virginia.b. / Atlanta, Georgia. / d. / Appomattox Court House, Virginia.
22. How was the authority of the federal government affected by the war?
a. / It was abolished. / c. / It was established.b. / It was strengthened. / d. / It was unchanged.
23. After Reconstruction, in an effort to return totheir prewar world, many southern states
a. / established black codes.b. / encouraged African Americans to vote.
c. / prohibited violence against African Americans.
d. / elected Radical Republicans to Congress.
24. Which of the following guaranteed full citizenship status and rights to every person born in the United States?
a. / the Wilmot Proviso / c. / the Fourteenth Amendmentb. / the Kansas-Nebraska Act / d. / the Fifteenth Amendment
25. The Freedmen’s Bureau was a federal agency established to
a. / process the petitions of African Americans hoping to become free.b. / help formerly enslaved African Americans move to the North.
c. / aid formerly enslaved African Americans after the Civil War.
d. / bring an end to slavery in the western territories after the Civil War.
26. In the Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court ruled that
a. / slaves were citizens.b. / slaves were entitled to due process of law.
c. / Dred Scott became free when he entered free territory.
d. / the Compromise of 1850 was unconstitutional and slaves were allowed anywhere.
27. As part of his plan for Reconstruction, President Lincoln advocated
a. / full citizenship for African Americans.b. / Jailing of former Confederates.
c. / the confiscation of Confederate lands.
d. / relatively easy return to statehood for the states that had seceded.
28. The events of “Bleeding Kansas” can be attributed to
a. / the competition between farmers trying to settle the land.b. / the blistering speech of Charles Sumner on the Senate floor.
c. / the competition of opposing political groups.
d. / Preston Brook’s attack on Sumner.
29. Why was Abolitionist John Brown executed?
a. / for his attempt to seize the arsenal at Harper’s Ferryb. / for his midnight massacre
c. / for his part in “Bleeding Kansas”
d. / for beating Charles Sumner with a cane
30. Abolitionists believed that slavery
a. / worked better than a free labor system. / c. / was morally wrong and wanted to end it.b. / threatened unskilled workers in the north. / d. / belonged only in the southern states.
31. Under the new Fugitive Slave Act passed in 1850,
a. / northerners could buy and sell slaves in Washington, D.C.b. / Congress declared that slavery was morally wrong.
c. / popular sovereignty would decide the slave issue in New Mexico.
d. / citizens who helped a runaway slave could be imprisoned.
Use the excerpt and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
“We are now far into the fifth year, since a policy was initiated, with the avowed object, and confident promise, of putting an end to slavery agitation. Under the operation of that policy, that agitation has not only, not ceased, but has constantly augmented. In my opinion, it will not cease, until a crisis shall have been reached, and passed. ‘A house divided against itself cannot stand.’ I believe this government cannnot endure, permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved—I do not expect the house to fall—but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing, or all the other.”
—Abraham Lincoln, 1958
32. To what did Abraham Lincoln refer when he said, “A house divided against itself cannot stand.”?
a. / slavery helped unite states in the Unionb. / the Union could not continue with both free states and slave states
c. / compromise would continue to keep the issue of slavery at bay
d. / the Union would be dissolved over the issue of slavery
33. How did Lincoln approach the issue of slavery in his speeches?
a. / He avoided slavery as a possible inflammatory topic.b. / He advocated for compromise and the status quo.
c. / He urged the gradual westward spread of slavery through popular sovereignty.
d. / He condemned slavery and vowed to abolish it throughout the United States.
34. The farming South was at a disadvantage against the
a. / European-influenced North. / c. / industrialized North.b. / more liberal North. / d. / colder North.
Use the table and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
35. What was the basis of the South’s economy after the Civil War?
a. / factories / c. / slave tradeb. / banks / d. / agriculture
36. All of the following are characteristics of the North after the Civil War EXCEPT
a. / had many factories / c. / began creating land grant collegesb. / economy based on agriculture / d. / continued industrialization
37. Which side had a more difficult time rebuilding after the Civil War?
a. / the South / c. / the South and North struggled equallyb. / the North / d. / the South and North both rebuilt easily
38. The capture of Vicksburg, Mississippi, by Union troops
a. / caused the surrender of other Confederate strongholds on the Mississippi River.b. / meant that the Union controlled all the waterways on the East coast.
c. / meant that Union troops controlled the entire Mississippi River.
d. / occurred because Union troops attacked from boats on the Mississippi River.
39. Which idea was a part of Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction?
a. / The southern states had never really left the Union.b. / African Americans should be guaranteed social equality.
c. / Former Confederates should not be compensated for lost property.
d. / State governments must grant African Americans the right to vote.
40. In the system of sharecropping, former slaves
a. / were easily able to leave the farms at any time.b. / owned their own land.
c. / planted seed and used supplies bought by the landowners.
d. / paid cash rent to the landowners.
41. During Reconstruction, groups such as the Ku Klux Klan
a. / tried to pass laws to limit the rights of freed people.b. / were disbanded by the Fifteenth Amendment.
c. / used violence to prevent freed people from voting.
d. / supported the passage of the Enforcement Acts.
42. One of President Lincoln’s first major goals for Reconstruction was to
a. / reunify the nation. / c. / grant African Americans full citizenship.b. / redistribute the South’s land. / d. / punish southern states for seceding.
43. President Johnson’s plan for Reconstruction required
a. / states to grant African Americans suffrage.b. / wealthy planters and Confederate leaders to apply for pardons.
c. / southern landholders to break up their plantations.
d. / state legislatures to submit to federal regulations.