BIO 105 S 2012 FINAL Exam Q 120523.4

BEGIN FINAL EXAM

Page 1 of 35 BIO 105 S 2012 FINAL Exam Q 120523.4

SCANTRON 1

Match the COMPONENTS and FUNCTIONS with the respective SYSTEM to which they are most closely associated. See COLUMN ANATOMICAL SYSTEMSfor choices.

• fallopian tubes and seminal vesicles
• ureters
• bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli
• ligaments, articulations
• nails, sudiferous glands and hair
• arteries and veins
• brain stem and spinal nerves
• esophagus, liver, pancreas, and anus
• tendons, and myofibrils
• testes, thyroid, pancreas, ovary, adrenals
• spleen and thoracic duct

• absorption
• gametogenesis
• filtration and micturition
• external ventilation
• Allergic and immune response
• Waste, gas and nutrient transport
• information integration, acute homeostasis
• voluntary movement
• toxin, infection, environmental protection, waterproofing
• posture
• chemical homeostasis

Page 1 of 35 BIO 105 S 2012 FINAL Exam Q 120523.4

23. The most rigid connective tissue is called ____.

A) cartilage

B) bone

C) dense connective tissue

D) adipose tissue

24. Which connective tissue has a fluid matrix located in blood vessels?

A) bone

B) blood

C) cartilage

D) bone, blood, and cartilage

C) secretion of the organic matrix of bone

25. The skeleton ______.

A) permits flexible movement

B) supports and protects the body

C) produces blood cells and stores inorganic salts

D) All of these are correct.

26. The axial skeleton consists of ______.

A) the skull

B) the vertebral column

C) the hyoid bone and rib cage

D) all of the above

27. The vertebral column has the following sections, superior to inferior….

A) one, two, three, four

B) lateral, vertical, dorsal, ventral

C) cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyxl

D) cervical, ventral, dorsal, lateral, caudal

Identify the missing terms. Choose your answers from SKELETON Classification. Employ alphabetical order for terms that are within the same group.

Page 1 of 35 BIO 105 S 2012 FINAL Exam Q 120523.4

Match the level of structural organization that best fits the definition. See Organization for Choices

Anatomy terminology / Lexicon Match the Term with its derivation in the Greek or Latin.

Reproductive System

68. The reproductive system

A) produces and transports gametes.

B) stores and nourishes gametes.

C) produces FSH and LH.

D) A and B only

E) all of the above

69. Sperm cells are stored primarily in the

A) seminiferous tubules.

B) straight tubules.

C) lobules.

D) interstitial areas.

E) epididymis.

70. The hormone responsible for a male's secondary sexual characteristics is

A) testosterone.

B) ICSH.

C) FSH.

D) LH.

E) gonadotropin.

71. The paired erectile tissues of the penis are the

A) glans penis.

B) prepuce.

C) corpus spongiosum.

D) corpora cavernosa.

E) penile urethra.

Answer: D

Diff: 1

Learning Outcome: 19.2

Skill Level: 1 Reviewing Facts and Terms

72. The pituitary hormone that stimulates spermatogenesis is

A) FSH.

B) LH.

C) ACTH.

D) ADH.

E) GH.

73. The order in which sperm pass through these structures from the testes to the penis is

A) 1, 3, 4, 2.

B) 4, 3, 1, 2.

C) 4, 1, 2, 3.

D) 4, 1, 3, 2.

E) 1, 4, 3, 2.

74. Testosterone is needed ______.

A) to stimulate growth of male reproductive organs.

B) to promote functioning of male reproductive organs.

C) for development of male secondary sexual characteristics

D) All of these are correct

75. Male gametes are the _____ and the female gametes are the _____.

A) testes; ovaries

B) sperm; egg

C) testosterone; estrogens

D) scrotum; uterus

Development

76. The fertilized egg is initially called the ______.

A) oocyte

B) ovum

C) zygote

D) embryo

77. The _____ is where fetal blood exchanges molecules with maternal blood.

A) uterus

B) vagina

C) placenta

D) umbilical cord

78. The period of gestation that is characterized by rapid fetal growth is the ______trimester(s).

A) first

B) second

C) third

D) first and second

E) second and third

79. The period of gestation when the rudiments of all major organ systems appear is the ______trimester(s).

A) first

B) second

C) third

D) first and second

E) second and third

80. The division of the zygote into two blastomeres is referred to as

A) cleavage.

B) implantation.

C) placentation.

D) embryogenesis.

E) fertilization.

81. A blastocyst is

A) an extraembryonic membrane that forms blood vessels.

B) a solid ball of cells.

C) a hollow ball of cells.

D) a portion of the placenta.

E) the membrane that forms the urinary bladder.

82. The extraembryonic membrane that forms a fluid-filled sac is the

A) yolk sac.

B) amnion.

C) allantois.

D) chorion.

E) decidua.

83. During pregnancy,

A) a woman's respiratory rate and tidal volume increase.

B) maternal blood volume increases.

C) maternal nutrient requirements increase.

D) a woman's glomerular filtration rate increases.

E) all of the above

84. The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called

A) homologous chromosomes.

B) homozygous chromosomes.

C) heterozygous chromosomes.

D) autosomal chromosomes.

E) alleles.

85. If an individual carries a pair of alleles that are the same, he or she is ______for the trait.

A) homologous

B) homozygous

C) heterozygous

D) autosomal

E) polygenic

Diff: 1

86. In simple inheritance,

A) phenotypic characteristics are determined by a single pair of alleles.

B) phenotypic characteristics are determined by multiple alleles.

C) phenotypic characteristics are determined by the action of a single gene.

D) phenotypic characteristics are controlled by regulator genes on a chromosome other than the one that has the structural genes.

E) phenotypic characteristics are determined by the genes on the Y chromosome.

87. The gene that is NOT expressed in a heterozygous situation is called

A) dominant.

B) recessive.

C) incomplete.

D) phenotypic.

88. An individual who is homozygous dominant for a trait would be written as

A) aA.

B) aa.

C) AA.

D) Aa.

89. Polygenic traits include

A) eye color and hair colors other than pure blond or red.

B) albinism and brachydactyly.

C) inability to roll the tongue into a U-shape.

D) curly hair and eye color.

E) blood Rh factor and color blindness.

90. The genotype for a male would be

A) XX.

B) XO.

C) XXO.

D) XY.

E) XYY.

91. Which blood type is NOT possible if the mother is blood type AB and the father is type B?

A) A

B) B

C) AB

D) O

92. All life, that we know of, comes from ______:

A) spontaneous generation.

B) marine life.

C) tree life

D) strange environments

E) pre-existing life

93. Humans inherit ______pairs of chromosomes.

A) 10

B) 12

C) 23

D) 46

94. Mitosis is involved in ______.

A) growth and repair

B) oogenesis

C) spermatogenesis

D) both B and C

95. The type of cell division that results in the formation of gametes is ______.

A) mitosis

B) meiosis

C) nondisjunction

D) somatic division

96. In humans, the haploid number of chromosomes found in the egg and sperm is ______.

A) 23 pair.

B) 23.

C) 46.

D) 46 pair.

97. Alternate forms of a gene having the same position on a pair of chromosomes and affecting the same trait are called______.

A) chromatids

B) alleles

C) DNA segments

D) centrioles

98. The smallestsubunits of proteins are the ______.

A) amines

B) peptides

C) polypeptides

D) amino acids

99. The plasma membrane is ______.

A) impermeable

B) totally permeable

C) selectively permeable (semipermeable)

D) None of these answers are correct.

100. The cytoplasm contains______. Mark all that apply

A) cytosol

B) metabolites

C) waste

D) cytoskeleton

E) glycocalyx

SCANTRON 2

Muscular System

Fill In the term for the following definitions of muscular -skeletal movement. Choose from Column MOTION

Using the illustration and answer choices from above and beginning with actin and myosin, list in increasing order of complexity, the structural organization of a muscle. Complete the following table.

Respiratory System

Trace the flow of air into and through the anatomically correct order of structures. Mark the letter of the choice in the following flow chart. See the examples start and end.

122. What human organ system is responsible for exchanging gases with the outside environment?

A) respiratory system

B) endocrine system

C) excretory system

D) external ventilation

123. Oxygen-rich blood is carried through pulmonary arteries from the lungs to the heart.

A) True

B) False

124. Oxygen-poor blood is carried through systemic veins from the body tissues back to the heart.

A) True

B) False

125. The ______houses the vocal cords.

A) larynx

B) bronchus

C) pharynx

D) esophagus

126. The trachea divides into two ______that lead to the lung

. A) glotti

B) tracheae

C) bronchi

D) bronchioles

127. Each bronchiole terminates in an elongated space enclosed by a multitude of air pockets called_.

A) the glottis

B) alveoli

C) the larynx

D) the pharynx

128. Each alveolar sac is surrounded by ______carrying blood.

A) arteries

B) veins

C) venules

D) capillaries

129. During ______, the respiratory pigment hemoglobin combines with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin in the pulmonary capillaries.

A) internal respiration

B) external respiration

C) anaerobic respiration

D) ventilation

Muscular System

130. Skeletal muscle fibers are ______.

A) smooth

B) striated

C) spindle-shaped

D) fragmented

131. Where is smooth muscle found?

A) intestines

B) stomach

C) blood vessels

D) intestines, stomach, and blood vessels

132. A distinguishing characteristic of cardiac muscle cells is the presence of ______.

A) actin filaments

B) intercalated disks

C) neuroglia

D) neurons

133. Which of the following is(are) types of muscle?

A) cardiac

B) skeletal

C) smooth

D) All of these are correct.

134. The type of muscle tissue that is controlled voluntarily is called ______

A) smooth muscle

B) cardiac muscle

C) skeletal muscle

D) All of these are under conscious control

135. The lower arm extends when the ______.

A) triceps brachii contracts

B) biceps brachii contracts

C) brachialis contracts

D) deltoid contracts

136. Skeletal muscles are usually named on the basis of _____ .

A) shape, size, or action

B) direction of fibers

C) number of attachments

D) all of the above

137. A muscle fiber contains 2 principal contractile proteins _____ that run the length of a muscle fiber.

A) actin filaments

B) myosin filaments

C) sarcolemma

D) myofibrils

E) A and B

AB) None of the above

Cardiovascular

138. The _____ system transports nutrients and oxygen to cells and removes their waste.

A) digestive

B) cardiovascular

C) excretory

D) respiratory

139. The circulatory system has ______types of blood vessels.

A) one

B) two

C) three

D) four

140. _____ are small arteries just visible to the naked eye.

A) Venules

B) Capillaries

C) Veins

D) Arterioles

141. The venae cavae carry low-oxygen blood to the ______of the heart.

A) right ventricle

B) right atrium

C) left ventricle

D) left atrium

142. The ______arteries serve the heart muscle.

A) femoral

B) hepatic

C) iliac

D) coronary

143. The two components of the cardiovascular system are ______.

A) the heart and the aorta

B) the heart and all the arteries

C) the heart and the blood vessels

D) the blood vessels and the lymphatic system

144. The liquid portion of blood is called ____.

A) lymph

B) plasma

C) a cellular matrix

D) blood cells

145. The iron-containing red colored molecule found in red blood cells is _____.

A) erythropoietin

B) lymphocyte

C) hemoglobin

D) hemolysis

146. White blood cells ______.

A) have a nucleus

B) lack hemoglobin

C) fight infection

D) all of the above

147. B lymphocytes are associated with ______.

A) antibody production

B) macrophage production

Identify the following structures. Choose your answers from COLUMN CV

Endocrine System

Match the HORMONE with the respective GLAND to which they are most closely associated.

• Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
• Aldosterone
• Antidiuretic Hormone
• Calcitonin
• Estrogen
• Oxytocin
• Testosterone

Digestion Nutrition

Trace the flow of food through the anatomically correct order of structures. Mark the letter of the choice in the following flow chart. DIGESTIVE

Urinary System

165. The _____ system removes nitrogenous waste is.

A) digestive

B) cardiovascular

C) excretory

D) respiratory

E) urinary

166. Filtration...

A) occurs when the filtrate passes from the peritubular capillaries back to the nephron tubules.

B) occurs when blood fluids leave the afferent arteriole and enter the Bowman’s capsule.

C) occurs when blood fluids leave the glomerulus and enter the Bowman’s capsule.

D) occurs when the filtrate passes from the nephron tubules back to the efferent arteriole.

E) occurs when the filtrate passes from the nephron tubules back to the peritubular capillaries.

167. The removal of metabolic wastes from the body is called ______

A) secretion

B) defecation

C) excretion

D) maintenance

168. Besides the excretion of metabolic wastes, which of these describes a vital function of the kidneys?

A) The kidneys maintain the water-salt balance of the body.

B) The kidneys regulate the blood's pH.

C) The kidneys assist the hormone system.

D) All of these are correct.

169. The ______extend(s) from the urinary bladder to an external opening.

A) ureter

B) renal arteries

C) urethra

D) glomerulus

170. The brain and spinal cord contain conducting cells called ______.

A) dendrites

B) neurons

C) neuroglia

D) axons

Nervous System Neurons

Fill In the Missing information for the Following Table. See COLUMN NERVOUS for choices

174. Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction?

A) myosin

B) tropomyosin

C) troponin

D) acetylcholine

175. The cells that transmit nerve impulses between parts of the nervous system are called ______.

A) neuroglia

B) neurons

C) motor cells

D) nervous tissue

176. The ______is the portion of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses.

A) dendrite

B) axon

C) myelin sheath

D) sensory receptor

177. This protective covering on the axon is formed by a type of neuroglia called Schwann cells.

A) insulating sheath

B) axon terminal

C) myelin sheath

D) neuroglia sheath

Autonomic Nervous System

Fill in the following classification Table. Match System A or B with the appropriate statements / definitions.

This page remains purposely blank

Page 1 of 35 BIO 105 S 2012 FINAL Exam Q 120523.4

Identify the indicated symbols. See COLUMN NERVOUS for choices

• Name this aspect / perspective &
• Name this structure @
• Name this structure #
• This structure @ carries ____info
• This structure % carries _____ info
• Name this aspect / perspective $

Page 1 of 35 BIO 105 S 2012 FINAL Exam Q 120523.4

Special Senses

191. The sense of smell is dependent on ______in the roof of the nasal cavity that contain numerous types of receptor proteins.

A) olfactory cells

B) hair cells

C) mucus cells

D) All of these are correct.

192. The area in the retina that is responsible for acute vision and that contains only cones is called the ______.

A) optic nerve

B) fovea centralis

C) pupil

D) choroid

193. The receptors for hearing and equilibrium are located in the _____.

A) inner ear

B) middle ear

C) outer ear

D) tympanic membrane

Identify the missing terms of tissue classification on the following tables. Choose your answer from HISTOLOGY

Page 1 of 35 BIO 105 S 2012 FINAL Exam Q 120523.4