Name______Date ______Period_____

Becoming Human Part 2

  1. Homo erectus had a slightly smaller brain, slightly bigger jaw, but it's basically us. Basically us, almost ______mya.
  1. ______pioneered what it means to be human, colonizing whole continents and creating the first human societies. Here were the trailblazers who first left Africa: the first fire makers, the first hunters.
  1. In the ______About 2,000,000 years ago, new creatures appeared with abilities never seen before in the animal kingdom.
  1. Homo erectus, a toolmaker and hunter, one of the ______members of our genus, the genus ______, humans.
  1. At ______, The Leakeys found the actual bones of a human ancestor who lived over one and a half million years ago. It's the earliest human skeleton ever discovered.
  1. Named, ______, His bones have revolutionized our understanding of the transition from ape to human.
  1. While his head may be primitive, Turkana Boy's skeleton is surprisingly ______.
  1. A long, slow childhood gives our brains time to grow after birth and time to learn everything we need to function in our ______. That's the advantage of prolonged childhood, for us at least.
  1. Turkana Boy’s brain size was ______cubic centimeters, smaller than ours but more than twice as large a chimp's.
  1. An______is a mold taken from the inside of the skull which reveals the shape of the brain.
  1. ______is involved with memory functions, executive functions, but it does have a very important role to play in the motor aspects of speech.
  1. Broca's caps regions on the Turkana Boy are fully modern in terms of their appearance. It is good solid evidence for the...having the ability of ______, in other words, language.
  1. ______represented a momentous change, because once you had tools in your hands, all the foods in the world could open up to you. That represented a tremendous survival advantage.
  1. Modern brains consume ______percent of our body's energy.
  1. The one high quality resource that's probably most important for the evolution of the genus Homo is ______and ______such as brain and marrow and fat.
  1. ______and being able to cool down allowed endurance running and high activity in the middle of the day by Homo erectus, this led to more successful hunting.
  1. Turkana Boy's kind were built to run, like us, they had lost their ______, and could keep cool by sweating. This was the key to their success.
  1. The genetic dating technique known as the ______. It's based on the fact that the sequence of chemical bases which make up D.N.A. mutate at a regular rate.
  1. The estimated date for the divergence is roughly ______mya between the head louse and pubic louse.
  1. ______would have allowed Turkana Boy and his people to protect themselves from predators at night
  1. ______, which makes food more soft and digestible can explain why Homo erectus evolved smaller teeth and a much smaller gut.
  1. The bones of a tiny human ancestor, just over three feet tall, called Homo floresiensis, and, because of its tiny size, nicknamed it ______.
  1. Homo floresiensis is so small because of something called ______may be the answer.Isolated on islands with limited food, large mammals sometimes shrink, over time.
  1. Homo erectus moving their range a kilometer a year in one direction and doing that continually over a long enough period of time, you can get the distance from Africa to Indonesia covered in say, ______years.
  1. Homo erectus may have been still clinging on in Asia just ______years ago and that's a span of two million years and would mean that they overlap with our own species which has only been around for 200,000.