Acculturation Article Summaries
Author(s) / Year / Purpose / Participants/Setting / Data Collected / ResultsKenyon, G. & McPherson, B. / 1973 / Exploring the process of socialization in becoming involved in physical activity and sport / USA / Literature, research review / Elite athletes come from highly supportive environments, the consumer of sport is likely a current or previous participant in sport. The leaders in sports are likely of middle-class backgrounds. There are important socialization differences in participants.
Loy, J. & Ingham, A. / 1973 / Exploring the psychosocial development of children and youth through playing games and sport. / USA / Literature, research review / Socialization is a complex process involving functional, dysfunctional, intended, and unintended consequences. One must not rely solely on empirical research.
Templin, T.; Woodford, R. & Mulling, C. / 1982 / Reviews selected recruitment resources to physical education based on Lortie's (1975) paradigm of occupational choice and the anticipatory socialization process. / USA / Literature, research review / The interpersonal and service dimensions of teaching, a desire for continued association with sport, time compatibility, job security, eased entrance, and various socializing agents are shown to have some degree of influence on one's decision to enter physical education. Finally, various implications of the data are discussed in relation to the professional preparation process.
Dewar, A. & Lawson, H. / 1984 / To explore the subjective warrants that people have for the profession of physical education. / USA / Literature review, critique of research / Students will be attracted to a career in physical education because they perceive that it provides a continuous association with sport and physical activity; it involves working with people; it offers good working conditions; it constitutes a valuable service to society. Students who are attracted to a career in physical education will have extensive primary and secondary involvements in sport and physical education; be the top students in their physical education classes; perceive themselves to be high achievers in interscholastic sport.
Dewar, A. / 1989 / To provide framework for discussing recruitment into PE. / USA / Literature, research review / If recruitment is reduced to a set of variables that influence career choices, it is separated from historical, social, and political contexts.
Griffin, P. / 1989 / Exploration of gender as a socializing agent in PE / USA / Literature Review / Women in the PE setting have been marginalized. We must challenge the necessity, desirability and the viability of a male-dominated social structure.
Schempp, P. / 1989 / To describe the apprenticeship of observation and the development of PE teachers. / USA / Literature review / The apprenticeship of observation theory acquaints prospective teachers with an extensive array of teaching tasks. However, the apprenticeship does not appear to offer an opportunity to practice, analyze or master those skills in detail.
Hutchinson, G. / 1993 / Investigate the perspectives that prospective physical educators have about the physical education teacher role prior to entering college teacher training programs. / Ten high school students, USA / Four semi structured interviews with each student / Participants had a narrow perspective on teaching PE prior to entering formal teacher training programs. Although some of their perspectives are grounded in actual teaching and coaching experiences, most are based on experiences as students and athletes and on the role they envision as physical educators. Overall, their perspectives reflect the classic custodial belief system held by many teachers
Placek, J.; Dodds, P.; Doolittle, S.; Pinkham, K.;
Ratline, T. & Portman, P. / 1995 / To describe recruits' physical education backgrounds and beliefs about the purposes for physical education. / 476 recruits, USA / 51 item questionnaire / Most recruits recalled programs that focused on traditional team sports, games, and fitness programs, with less emphasis on individual sports and expressive or noncompetitive activities. Few differences by sex, race, or socioeconomic status were found. Recruits' reported purposes were coded into nine categories; the top purposes were learning skills, named specific activities, and fitness.
Valtonenm, J.; Hirvensalo, M.; Reunamo, J. & Ruismäki, H. / 2014 / This study explored if the orientations towards instructing/ coaching in physical activities and teaching physical education (PE) affect the perceived strengths in teaching PE at the primary level. / 386 first year preservice primary teachers beforetheir first PE course of formal teacher education,
Finland / Online
questionnaire / The main results suggested that preservice primary teachers with an instructing/coaching orientation perceived discipline-focused strengths (sportiness and teaching skills) as their assets in teaching PE contrasted by the finding that those with teaching orientation and without instruction/ coaching orientation more likely perceived the pupil-focused empathy as their main asset.
MacPhail, A., & Hartley, T. / 2016 / The purpose of this study is to explore the extent to which beginning and experienced teachers differed in their perceptions of shaping school forces and their being shaped by school forces. / Six beginning physical education teachers in their first year of teaching and six experienced physical education teachers who had been teaching for six years, USA / Interviews, prompt sheets throughout the duration of a school year / The findings allow the authors to examine the link between teacher socialization research and practice in a physical education teacher education (PETE) program and to consider the practical (and institutional) changes that may improve the quality of teacher education. The paper discusses ways in which one PETE program has attempted to use, and plans for future use of, BTs’ and ETs’ accounts of socialization to inform how best to prepare PSTs for the reality of teaching in schools.