4th Nine Weeks Exam Study Guide

Equations to Remember:

Force=mass x acceleration

Mass=Force/acceleration

Acceleration=Force/mass

Potential Energy= mass x gravitational acceleration (9.8 m/s2) x height

Kinetic Energy= ½ x mass x velocity2

Density = mass/volume

  1. How does mass affect the weight of an object?
  2. Would you weight more or less on the Moon? Why?
  3. What is a force?
  4. What is gravity?
  5. If you spill or break something in lab, what is the first thing you should do?
  6. What are the steps in the scientific method?
  7. Suppose I wanted to see if changing the type of soil that a plant grows in affects its growth rate. I place a cactus in one type of soil, a daisy in another type of soil, and a sunflower in another type of soil. I place them all in windows around my house for 2 weeks and track their growth. I water each plant every day. After 2 weeks, I measure their individual growth amounts, and find that the daisy grew the most.
  8. Is this experiment valid? Why or why not?
  9. What could I have done to make this experiment better?
  10. What is the independent variable in this experiment? The dependent? The controls?

  1. Use the graph above to answer these questions.
  2. How many items are being compared in the graph?
  3. What was the average height in cm for Walmart fertilizer?
  4. What are the dependent and independent variables?
  5. Which fertilizer would you use to grow bean plants? Why?
  6. Sally is testing a new plant food on her flowers. She feeds half of her plants the new food, and the other half she does not feed. She measures the height of her plants every day for six days. Her results are:

Day / Height of flower plant (new food) / Height of flower plant (no food)
1 / 3cm / 3cm
2 / 5cm / 4cm
3 / 6cm / 6cm
4 / 6cm / 6cm
5 / 8cm / 7cm
6 / 9cm / 7cm
  1. Graph Sally’s data using a graph (line or bar graph). Remember to include a title, labels, and units.
  2. Do you think Sally should keep using the new plant food? What is your evidence for this claim?
  1. Solve these conversion problems:
  2. 78kg = ______g b. 298L = ______mL

c. 6894 mm=______kg d. 577g= ______kg

  1. Jessica's shoebox is 20 centimeters long and 10 centimeters wide. How many more millimeters is the length of the shoebox than the width?
  2. A box contains 4 bags of sugar. The total mass of all 4 bags is 6 kg. What is the mass of each bag in grams?
  3. What are Newton’s Three Laws of Motion?
  4. Which of Newton’s Laws explains why you should always wear a seatbelt when you ride in a car? Why?
  5. Which of Newton’s Laws explains why the force of an object will increase as the mass or acceleration increases?
  6. Which of Newton’s Laws explains why a basketball player can jump high enough to dunk a basketball? What happens?
  7. A football player with a mass of 42kg runs down the field with an acceleration of 3.9m/s2. What is his force?
  8. A bowling ball is dropped off a building and hits the ground with a force of 75N. What is its mass? (Remember gravitational acceleration.)
  9. A car accelerates at a rate of 7.9m/s2 with a force of 6000N. What is its mass?
  10. A man with a mass of 40kg runs in a marathon with a force of 90 Newtons. What is his acceleration?
  11. Look at the pictures and label the forces acting on each person.
  1. A leaf on a branch would have what type of energy? Why?
  2. The same leaf falling to the ground would have what type of energy? Why?
  3. What kind of energy would a volleyball with a mass of 2.1kg and a velocity of 30m/s have? Calculate the energy.
  4. What kind of energy would a bell with a mass of 200kg at the top of a tower that is 45m high have? Calculate its energy.
  5. What travels as transverse waves?
  6. What travels as longitudinal waves?
  7. Draw the electromagnetic spectrum.
  8. How are amplitude and energy of a wave related?
  9. How are frequency and wavelength of a wave related?
  10. What is the density of 25mL of a liquid with a mass of 30g?
  11. Would a block of wood with a volume of 50cm3 and a mass of 43g float or sink in water?
  12. What is a physical property? Give 2 examples.
  13. What is a chemical property? Give 2 examples.
  14. What do you have to do to determine a chemical property of a substance?
  15. What is a compound?
  16. If I have 2 blocks of metal that are the same shape, size, color and texture, but are different materials, what are 3 physical properties that I could use to tell them apart?
  17. Name the 5 states of matter from least to most thermal energy.
  18. Name and describe the 6 ways matter can change state.
  19. What is the smallest unit of an element?
  20. What are the 3 parts of the atom and their charges?
  21. What does the atomic number tell you about an atom?
  22. What does the atomic mass tell you about an atom?
  23. How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
  24. Zinc atoms have 30 protons and 36 neutrons. What is the atomic number? What is the atomic mass? What is the atomic symbol for zinc?
  25. How many electrons would be in a neutral atom of magnesium with an atomic number of 12? What is the atomic symbol for magnesium?
  26. What is the symbol for a sodium ion with a +1 charge?
  27. An oxygen atom has 8 protons and 10 electrons. What is its charge?
  28. What is electronegativity and how does it affect what type of chemical bonds form between atoms?
  29. What are the 3 types of chemical bonds that we talked about in detail?
  30. What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
  31. Balance these equations:
  32. Na + MgF2 NaF + Mg
  1. Mg + HCl MgCl2 + H2
  1. Cl2 + KI KCl + I2
  1. What are 4 signs that a chemical reaction has taken place?