1/ Capacitors and Resistors Have Parasitic Inductance, About 0

1/Capacitorsandresistorshaveparasiticinductance,about0.4nHforsurfacemountand4nHforaleadedcomponent.
2/Ifyoudon"twantahighbandwidthtransistortooscillateplacelossycomponentsinatleast2ofthe3leads.Ferritebeadsworkwell.
3/WhentakingDCmeasurementsinacircuitandtheydon"tmakesense,suspectthatsomethingisoscillating.
4/Opampswilloftenoscillatewhendrivingcapacitiveloads.
5/Thebase-emittervoltageVbeofasmallsignaltransistorisabout0.65vanddropsabout2mV/degC.Vbegoesdownwithincreasingtemp.
6/Multiply0.13nVbythesquarerootoftheohmicvalueofaresistortofindthenoiseina1Hzbandwidth.ThenmultiplybythesquarerootoftheBWinHzgivesthetotalnoisevoltage.
7/Johnsonnoisecurrentgoesdownwithaincreaseinresistance.
8/Theimpedancelookingintotheemitterofatransistoratroomtempis26Ohm/IeinmA
9/Allamplifiersaredifferentialinthattheyarereferencedtogroundsomewhere.
10/Typicalmetalfilmresistorhasatempcoefofabout100ppm/degC
11/Theinputnoisevoltageofaquietopampis1nv/sqrt(Hz)butthereareplentyavailablewith20nV/sqrt(Hz).Opampswithbipolarfront-endshavelowervoltagenoiseandhighercurrentnoisethanthosewithFETfront-ends
12/UsinganLCcircuitasapowersupplyfiltercanactuallymultiplythepowersupplynoiseatthefilter"sresonantfrequency.UseinductorwithlowQtoovercomethis.
13/Usecomparatorsforcomparingandopampsforamplifyinganddon"teventhinkofmixingthetwo.
14/CeramiccapswithanyotherdielectricotherthanNPOshouldonlybeusedforbypassapplications.
15/AnN-channelenhancement-modeFETneeds+vevoltageonthegate-sourcetoconductformdrain-source.
16/SmallsignalJFETSworkverywellaslow-leakagediodesbyconnectingdrainsourcetogetherinlogcurrent-to-voltageconvertersandlowleakageinputprotection.Smallsignalbipolarswithb-ctiedtogetherwillalsomakenicelow-leakagediodes.
17/WithlowpassfilteruseBesselforleastamountofovershootinthetimedomain,andCauer(orelliptic)forfastestrolloffinthefreqdomain.
18/dBisalways10timesthelogoftheratioof2powers.
19/Atlowfrequencies,thecurrentinthecollectorofatransistorisinphasewiththeappliedcurrentatthebase.Athighfrequenciesthecurrentatthecollectorlagsby90deg.Youmustappreciatethissimplefacttounderstandhighfrequencyoscillators.
20/Themostcommonglass-epoxyPCBmaterial(FR4)hasadielectricconstantofabout4.3Tomakeatracewithacharacteristicimpedanceof100Ohm,useatracethicknessofabout0.4timesthethicknessoftheboardwithagroundplaneontheoppositeside.Fora50Ohmtracemakeit2timesthethickness.
21/Ifyouneedaprogrammabledynamiccurrentsource,findoutaboutoperationaltransconductanceamps.Mostoftheproblemisfiguringoutwhenyouneedaprogrammabledynamiccurrentsource.
22/ACMOSoutputwithanemitterfollowercandrivea5Vrelaynicelyastherelaysnormallyhaveamust-makespecof3.5V.Thissavespowerandrequirenoflybackcomponents.
23/Typicalthermocouplepotentialis30uV/degC.Routesignalsdifferentially,alongthesamepath,avoidtempgradients.DPDTlatchingrelayswon"theatupwhenmultiplexingthesesignals.
24/YouSHOULDbebotheredbyadesignthatlooksmessy,clutteredorindirect.Thisuncomfortablefeelingisoneofthefewindicationsthatthere"sabetterway.
25/Avoiddrawinganycurrentfromthewiperofapotentiometer.Theresistanceofthewipercontactwillcauseproblems(localheating,noiseoffsetsetc.)
26/Mostdigitalphasedetectorshaveadeadbandwheretheanalogoutputdoesnotchangeoverthesmallrangewherethe2inputsarecoincident.Thisoften-ignoredfacthashelpedtocreatesomeverynoisyPLL"s(Useahighvalbleedingresistortoalwaysensurecurrentflowinthedeadband)
27/Thephasenoiseofaphase-lockedVCOwillbeatleast6dBworsethanthephasenoiseofthedividedreferenceforeachoctavebetweenthecomparisonfrequencyandtheVCOoutputfrequency.Avoidlow-comparisonfrequencies.
28/Youcanalmostalwaysdeterminetheleadsofabipolartransistorwithanohmmeter.b-eandb-cjunctionswillmeasurelikeadiodewiththeb-cjunctionreadingslightlylowerthantheb-ejunctionwhenforwardbiased.
29/Forlowdistortion,thedrains(orcollectors)ofadifferentialamp"sfront-endshouldbebootstrappedtothesource(oremitter)sothatthevoltagesonthepartarenotmodulatedbytheinputsignal.
30/Ifyourdesignusesa$3opamp,andyouwillbemakingathousandofthem,youhavejustspend$3000.Areyousmartenoughtofigureouthowtousea$.30opampinstead?
31/TheQofanLCtankcircuitisdominatedbythelossesintheinductorintermsofseriesR.Q=omega.L/R
32/Leakagecurrentdoublesforevery10degCincreaseintemp.
33/WheninputstomostJFETopampsexceedthecommon-moderangeforthepart,theoutputmayreversepolarity.Thisartifactwillhauntthedesignersofthesepartsfortherestoftheirlives,asitshould!
34/Understandthedifferencebetween"make-before-break"and"break-before-make"whenyouspecifyswitches.
35/3TerminalvoltageregulatorsintheTO-220packagesarewonderfulparts.Theyarecheap,rugged,thermallyprotectedandveryversatile.Usethemvirtuallyanyplacewhereyouneedaprotectedpowertransistor.TheyalsomakeniceAMpower-modulators.
36/Usesteprecoverydiodewhereyouneedfastedgesunder100pS(hot-carrierisevenfaster)
37/Theold723regulatorisstilloneofthelowestnoiseregulatorsaround!(2.5uVrms100Hz-10k)
38/Youcanmakeaverysimpleoscillatorwithonediac,capandaresistor.
39/NPNtransistorsarenormallysuperiortotheirPNPcounterpartinperformance.
40/Typicalspecinsomedatabooksshouldread"Seenitonce".Alwaysworkwiththeworstspecofthepartwhendoingadesign.
41/Don"tjustcopycircuitsfromapplicationnoteswithoutunderstandingcompletelyhowitoperates,andthereasonforthechoiceofvalues.
42/Dealingwithcrystals,makesureyouunderstandthedifferencebetweenseriesandparallelresonant.Inacircuit,crystalfrequencycangenerallybeslightlyloweredbyplacingainductorinseriesandincreasedbyacapacitorinseries.
43/PowerMOSFETSon-resistancewillhavea-vetempcoefandnot+veatlowcurrentlevels.Thisisimportanttorememberwhenparallelingdevices.
44/LowestnoisefigureofaRFtransistorisnotnormallywheretheinputisperfectlymatched.
45/Manyun-stableRFdevicescanbemadestablebyloadingtheinputortheoutputbyasimpleresistor,eitherinseriesorparallel.
46/Youtradegainforbandwidth.
47/Push-pullpowerinvertorsusingbipolarsareriskyandcansaturatethecorebecauseofhysteresisstepping(usepowerfets)
48/TheAlvalueofacorewillincreaseupto50%ormoreundercurrenttransients.
49/Beawareofleakageinductancewhenswitching.V=L(dI/dt)
50/Theharderyouturn-onapowertransistor,thelongeritwilltaketoturnoff.(thepartwhereyouburnthejoulesinthedevice)
51/AlwaysremembertheMillerguy.
52/Infault-findingacircuit,don"toverlooktheobvious.(istherepower?)
53/Whatisagroundloop,andhowtoavoidit.
54/120isabetternumberthan240whenusingLM3XXtypeadjustableregulators.
55/Thelowercomparatorintheold555mayhavequitealongstoragetime.
56/ZERO-ESRcapsmaydomoreharmthangood.
57/AcorrectlyconfiguredaudiopoweramplifierwillgivemoredistortioninClass-AB,notless,becauseoftheabruptgainchangesinherentinswitchingfromAtoBeverycycle.
58/BeaSTARwhenitcomestogroundmatters.
59/KnowwhenyouneedtouseaZobelnetwork.
60/Usecurrentmirrorsandmirroryourcurrent.
61/Heatsinkeffdecreaseswithheightabovesealevel.
62/Amatt-blackheatsinkismuchbetterthanashinyone.
63/Ignoringsecondarybreakdowncanbecostly.
64/Understandfusesandfuseratings,fastandslow.Doyouknowwhentouseasemiconductor-fuse?
65/Chargebalancingresistorsareamustwhenstackingserie-parallelhighvoltagecapacitorbanks.
66/YoumustunderstandDC-restorationotherwiseyouwillhaveahardtimedesigningZ-modulationinCRTcircuits.
67/Display6vertdivlowfreqonascope,increasethefreq(makesurethesourceisconstantamplitude)untildisplaydropsto4.2div.Thatisthetrue3dBBWofthescope.(scope-sourceimpedanceshouldbematched)
68/DoingameasurementwithyourDMMintheACVpositiononyourDCcircuitwillgiveaquickindicationofanyexcessrippleonthesupplywhenyoudon"thaveascopeathand.
69/Dlytimebaseonascopeisveryusefulonceyoufiguredoutwhen,whyandhowtouseit.
70/Knowwhattoexpectbeforeyoumeasure,otherwiseanymeasurementismeaningless.
71/Opamps.Outputwillswinginthedirectionthatwillforcetheinv-inputleveltotrycomeclosertothenon-invinputlevel.
72/Understandvirtualground,slew-rate,CMRRandPSRR.(CMRRdecreasewithincreaseinfreq)
73/Makingmeasurementsnearaspec-analalyzer"snoisefloorwillgive3dBerrors.
74/Understandthephase-noiselimitationsoftheanalyzerwhenmakingsuchmeasurementsonoscillators.
75/InaLCoscillatoraddsomeCwith-vetempcoeftocancelthe+vetempcoefoftheLformindriftwithtemp.
76/LessdriftwillresultfrommakingCwithafewparallelcaps,toreducetheheatingeffectoftheoscillatingcurrentwhenspreadoutoveralargerplatearea.
77/YouwillgetmoretuningrangewiththesameLCcombinationinaClappthaninaColpittscircuit.
78/High-QtunedLCfilterswillhavemoreinsertionloss.
79/Williams"sRule(GuruatLinearTech)forprecisionopampcircuits:"Alwaysinvert(exceptwhenyoucan"t)"
80/Cukisnotakindoflocomotive.
81/Ifyoudon"tknowhowtomakeadesignbetter,findoutwhatmakesitworse.
82/Sometimesyouknowjustenoughtobedangerous.
83/Impedancewillreflectbackasthesquareoftheturnsratio.
84/Ifyoucoulddesignacomponentwiththecharacteristicsofafingeritcouldcuremanydesignproblemsandyouwillberich.
85/Getnervouswhenthecustomeryouaretryingtohelpdoesn"tevenhaveascope.
86/SpecsquotedbyrepsalwaysexceedthosebyEngineering.
87/Abad(Engineer)workmanalwaysblameshistools.
88/Don"tbelieveeverythingthataSPICEprogramspitsout.
89/Itiseasytogetthecolorcodeofa1kOhmand12Ohmresistormixedupwhenyouareinahurry.
90/Ibetonecouldwriteathesisabouttheabilityofprobestogettangled-uponabench.
91/DMMcanupsetsensitivecircuitsfromnoisegeneratedinsideit.
92/WhenprobingdirectlyonacrystalofauP,use10kOhmorsoresistorinserieswiththeprobetiptopreventloadingfromstoppingtheosc.
93/Itiseasiertoseewhatishappeningontheportsusingascopewhenyoutriggeronechanagainstthecpuclock.
94/NationaloncemadeabadopampmanyyearsagothatsomeEngineersreferredtoitas"JellyBeans"
95/Themomentyoucanstarttonoticedistortiononanoscilloscopeitisalreadywaypastbeingacceptable.
96/Bebigenoughtosay"Idon"tknow",peoplewillrespectyoumore.
97/Thebestdesignerisoftenworkinginthemarketingdepartment.
98/Someremarkablediscoveries/inventionsweremadebypeoplethatknewverylittleaboutthesubject.Don"tfallintoagrooveinyouthinkingprocess.
99/ThePeter-Principle:Everybodywillbepromoteduptohisownlevelofincompetence.
100/END-Enjoy

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

1/Capacitorsandresistorshaveparasiticinductance,about0.4nHforsurfacemountand4nHforaleadedcomponent.
1.电阻跟电容都有寄生电感，贴片封装的大概0.4nH，插件的大概4nH。

2/Capacitorsandresistorshaveparasiticinductance,about0.4nHforsurfacemountand4nHforaleadedcomponent.
2.如果你不想通过在高带宽晶体管三个引脚中的至少两个引脚放置损耗元件的方法消除振荡.铁氧体磁珠会起到很好的作用.

3/WhentakingDCmeasurementsinacircuitandtheydon"tmakesense,suspectthatsomethingisoscillating.
3.对一个电路采用直流测试并且不起作用时,应该怀疑有元件在振荡

4Opampswilloftenoscillatewhendrivingcapacitiveloads. 4运放在驱动容性负载时经常会震荡。

5/Thebase-emittervoltageVbeofasmallsignaltransistorisabout0.65vanddropsabout2mV/degC.Vbegoesdownwithincreasingtemp.
5/小信号晶体管的基-射极电压Vbe大约是0.65伏特，大约以2毫伏/摄氏度的速度降低。Vbe随着温度的升高而降低。
6/Multiply0.13nVbythesquarerootoftheohmicvalueofaresistortofindthenoiseina1Hzbandwidth.ThenmultiplybythesquarerootoftheBWinHzgivesthetotalnoisevoltage.
6/电阻阻值的平方根，乘以0.13纳伏，可以得到1赫兹带宽的噪声。再乘以以赫兹为单位的带宽的平方根，可以得到总噪声电压。

7Johnsonnoisecurrentgoesdownwithaincreaseinresistance.
7Johnson噪声电流随着电阻的增加而降低.

8/Theimpedancelookingintotheemitterofatransistoratroomtempis26Ohm/IeinmA
室温下晶体管射极阻抗为26欧姆/mA

9/Allamplifiersaredifferentialinthattheyarereferencedtogroundsomewhere.
所有的放大器都是相对于某个地电平的差分放大。

10/Typicalmetalfilmresistorhasatempcoefofabout100ppm/degC
（典型的金属薄膜电阻具备100ppm/degC的温度系数）

11/Theinputnoisevoltageofaquietopampis1nv/sqrt(Hz)butthereareplentyavailablewith20nV/sqrt(Hz).Opampswithbipolarfront-endshavelowervoltagenoiseandhighercurrentnoisethanthosewithFETfront-ends
（低噪音运放的输入噪声电压可以达到1nv/sqrt(Hz)，但是我们大量用到的运放具有20nV/sqrt(Hz)的输入噪音。双极晶体管结构比FET结构的运算放大器具备更地的电压噪声和更高的电流噪声）
12/UsinganLCcircuitasapowersupplyfiltercanactuallymultiplythepowersupplynoiseatthefilter"sresonantfrequency.UseinductorwithlowQtoovercomethis.
（用LC滤波器对电源滤波将会增加电源在滤波器谐振频率点上的噪声，通过选择低Q的电感可以有效克服这一点。）
13/Usecomparatorsforcomparingandopampsforamplifyinganddon"teventhinkofmixingthetwo.
（用比较器进行比较，用运放进行放大，千万不要搞混。）
14/CeramiccapswithanyotherdielectricotherthanNPOshouldonlybeusedforbypassapplications.
（除高频瓷片电容外的瓷片电容仅可用作旁路电容）
15/AnN-channelenhancement-modeFETneeds+vevoltageonthegate-sourcetoconductformdrain-source.
（n沟道增强型mosfet需要在gate-source间接入正电压来控制drain-source间的电流Ids）
16/SmallsignalJFETSworkverywellaslow-leakagediodesbyconnectingdrainsourcetogetherinlogcurrent-to-voltageconvertersandlowleakageinputprotection.Smallsignalbipolarswithb-ctiedtogetherwillalsomakenicelow-leakagediodes.
（JFETS短接源漏极在小信号电流-电压转换和输入保护方面具备和低泄漏二极管媲美的特性，小信号测量中晶体管B-E极短接也相当于一个优异的低泄漏二极管）。
17/WithlowpassfilteruseBesselforleastamountofovershootinthetimedomain,andCauer(orelliptic)forfastestrolloffinthefreqdomain.（设计低通滤波器时选用贝塞尔型可以使时域较平坦，没有太多过冲，选用切比雪夫可以提高截止频率的陡峭性。）
18/dBisalways10timesthelogoftheratioof2powers.
（分贝是10*lg的比值。）
19/Atlowfrequencies,thecurrentinthecollectorofatransistorisinphasewiththeappliedcurrentatthebase.Athighfrequenciesthecurrentatthecollectorlagsby90deg.Youmustappreciatethissimplefacttounderstandhighfrequencyoscillators.
（低频情况下，晶体管集电极电流与基极电流同相，但在高频情况下，集电极电流相位上滞后90度，这有助于你理解高频振荡。）
20/Themostcommonglass-epoxyPCBmaterial(FR4)hasadielectricconstantofabout4.3Tomakeatracewithacharacteristicimpedanceof100Ohm,useatracethicknessofabout0.4timesthethicknessoftheboardwithagroundplaneontheoppositeside.Fora50Ohmtracemakeit2timesthethickness.
（PCB应用最普通的FR4材料的介质常数大约为4.3，印制版线为得到100欧的特征阻抗需要的线宽为PCB板（背面覆铜）厚度的0.4倍，50欧的阻抗需要线宽为板后的2倍。--线长呢？不解）
21/Ifyouneedaprogrammabledynamiccurrentsource,findoutaboutoperationaltransconductanceamps.Mostoftheproblemisfiguringoutwhenyouneedaprogrammabledynamiccurrentsource.
（当你用跨导运算放大器作为可编程动态电流源时你会发现很多问题。）
22/ACMOSoutputwithanemitterfollowercandrivea5Vrelaynicelyastherelaysnormallyhaveamust-makespecof3.5V.Thissavespowerandrequirenoflybackcomponents.
（CMOS输出配合一个射极跟随器可以很好的驱动一个5V工作的继电器（必须是3.5V以上才能正常工作），这样节省了功率并不需要反馈元件）。
23/Typicalthermocouplepotentialis30uV/degC.Routesignalsdifferentially,alongthesamepath,avoidtempgradients.DPDTlatchingrelayswon"theatupwhenmultiplexingthesesignals.
（典型的热电偶电位是30uV/degC，布线是差分信号要尽量走同样的路径避免差分线上产生温度梯度。当需要切换这些信号时，双刀双掷常闭继电器可以避免切换过程中产生的热量，影响热电偶温度测量的精度。）
24/YouSHOULDbebotheredbyadesignthatlooksmessy,clutteredorindirect.Thisuncomfortablefeelingisoneofthefewindicationsthatthere"sabetterway.
（你可能会直接或间接的感到设计的电路感混乱不堪，这种不好的感觉其实是一种很宝贵的暗示，那就是那肯定还有一直能够更好的设计路径）
25/Avoiddrawinganycurrentfromthewiperofapotentiometer.Theresistanceofthewipercontactwillcauseproblems(localheating,noiseoffsetsetc.)
（避免任何的电流都可以从电位器分压而得，电位器相关的阻抗可能回导致一些问题，如局部加热，噪声，偏移等）
26/Mostdigitalphasedetectorshaveadeadbandwheretheanalogoutputdoesnotchangeoverthesmallrangewherethe2inputsarecoincident.Thisoften-ignoredfacthashelpedtocreatesomeverynoisyPLL"s(Useahighvalbleedingresistortoalwaysensurecurrentflowinthedeadband)
（数字鉴相器有一个死区，就是模拟输出在一个很小的范围内（双端输入一致的情况下）不改变，这个经常被忽视的事实很容易造成PLL噪声非常大，用一个大阻值的旁漏[泄漏]电阻确保电流注入死区。）

28/Youcanalmostalwaysdeterminetheleadsofabipolartransistorwithanohmmeter.b-eandb-cjunctionswillmeasurelikeadiodewiththeb-cjunctionreadingslightlylowerthantheb-ejunctionwhenforwardbiased.
通过电阻表可以分辨三极管的极性。发射结和集电结跟二极管差不多，集电结正向偏置时的读数要稍小于发射结。
30/Ifyourdesignusesa$3opamp,andyouwillbemakingathousandofthem,youhavejustspend$3000.Areyousmartenoughtofigureouthowtousea$.30opampinstead?
3元一个的运放生产一千个就是3000元。为了节约成本，可以想办法用0.3元的运放替代。
32/Leakagecurrentdoublesforevery10degCincreaseintemp.
温度每提高10度，漏电流就扩大一倍。
34/Understandthedifferencebetween"make-before-break"and"break-before-make"whenyouspecifyswitches.
在选择开关时，弄清楚先接后断和先断后接的区别。

35/3TerminalvoltageregulatorsintheTO-220packagesarewonderfulparts.Theyarecheap,rugged,thermallyprotectedandveryversatile.Usethemvirtuallyanyplacewhereyouneedaprotectedpowertransistor.TheyalsomakeniceAMpower-modulators.
35/TO-220封装的三端稳压器是非常棒的电子器件。它们便宜、坚固、具有热保护功能、并且有多种用途。在你想要用到电源保护功能的地方几乎都能看到它。它们也具有很出色的电源调幅功能

37/Theold723regulatorisstilloneofthelowestnoiseregulatorsaround!(2.5uVrms100Hz-10k)
略显老旧的723仍然是噪声最低的稳压器之一(2.5uVrms100Hz-10k)。

38/Youcanmakeaverysimpleoscillatorwithonediac,capandaresistor.
你可以通过双向触发二极管、电容和电阻制作一个简易的振荡器.
39/NPNtransistorsarenormallysuperiortotheirPNPcounterpartinperformance.
NPN管通常比对应的PNP管性能好。

40/.对于有些数据手册中的典型参数,我们应该只是看看而已.在作设计的时候,应该总是按照最坏参数来考虑.
41/.不要在没有完全理解电路的运行原理和元件的取值原因的情况下,就从应用手册中直接照抄电路.
42/.在处理晶振的时候,确定你理解了串联谐振和并联谐振的区别.在电路中,串联一个电感会使晶振的频率产生轻微的降低,串联一个电容会使晶振的频率产生轻微的升高.

43/PowerMOSFETSon-resistancewillhavea-vetempcoefandnot+veatlowcurrentlevels.Thisisimportanttorememberwhenparallelingdevices.
在低电流的情况下，功率MOSFET的导通电阻拥有负温度系数。对于并联器件的时候这一点尤为重要。

44/LowestnoisefigureofaRFtransistorisnotnormallywheretheinput
44.最低噪声的射频晶体管作为输入时（产生的噪声）也是非比寻常的。

45/Manyun-stableRFdevicescanbemadestablebyloadingtheinputortheoutputbyasimpleresistor,eitherinseriesorparallel.
许多不稳定的射频器件，可通过加载一个简单的电阻到输入或输出端使之稳定，无论串联或是并联。

46/Youtradegainforbandwidth.
46你得牺牲增益去换取带宽

47/Push-pullpowerinvertorsusingbipolarsareriskyandcansaturatethecorebecauseofhysteresisstepping(usepowerfets)
47/推挽逆变电源用双极晶体管是有风险的，由于磁滞可致铁心饱和（用功率场效应管<FET>）

51>永远记住米勒这个家伙。
是指三极管的米勒电容吗？
53>地回路是什么？如何避免它？
这个就不说了。
54>在使用LM3XX系列的可调稳压器的时候，120是一个比240好的数字。
/*像LM317要求的最小输出电流是5ma，所以一般推荐1.25V处使用240欧姆调压电阻，这样保证空载时也满足最小电流要求。 */
使用120欧姆电阻空载电流更大可能在电压精度，负载调整率上比240欧姆更好（10ma效果好于5ma，再大效果就差不多了）
58>当涉及到地的时候，使用星型连接。
63>忽略二次击穿会让你付出代价。
64>理解保险丝以及他的参数，他的响应速度，快还是慢？你知道什么时候应该用半导体保险丝吗？
71>在你测量之前确定你想要得到的是什么，否则测量就是没有意义的。

60/Usecurrentmirrorsandmirroryourcurrent.
使用镜像电流源反映电流。
61/Heatsinkeffdecreaseswithheightabovesealevel.
散热片的效率与其在丝印面上的高度成正比。
62/Amatt-blackheatsinkismuchbetterthanashinyone.
黑色的散热片比白色的好。
63/Ignoringsecondarybreakdowncanbecostly.
忽略二次击穿的代价会很高。
64/Understandfusesandfuseratings,fastandslow.Doyouknowwhentouseasemiconductor-fuse?
掌握保险丝和保险丝的等级，动作快还是慢。什么时候用半导体保险丝。
65/Chargebalancingresistorsareamustwhenstackingserie-parallelhighvoltagecapacitorbanks.
串并联高压电容器（高电压大容量电容器）必须使用充电电阻。
66/YoumustunderstandDC-restorationotherwiseyouwillhaveahardtimedesigningZ-modulationinCRTcircuits.
必须懂得DC-restoration，否则在设计CTRZ调制电路时犯难。
67/Display6vertdivlowfreqonascope,increasethefreq(makesurethesourceisconstantamplitude)untildisplaydropsto4.2div.Thatisthetrue3dBBWofthescope.(scope-sourceimpedanceshouldbematched)
在示波器上用6格的幅度表示低频，慢慢增大频率（确保信号源幅值不变）；当信号降到4.2格时，就得到了示波器3dB带宽（输入阻抗要匹配）
68/DoingameasurementwithyourDMMintheACVpositiononyourDCcircuitwillgiveaquickindicationofanyexcessrippleonthesupplywhenyoudon"thaveascopeathand.
当你没有示波器在时，使用数字万用表的门交流电压档可以很容易到直流电路的电源纹波值。
69/Dlytimebaseonascopeisveryusefulonceyoufiguredoutwhen,whyandhowtouseit.
示波器上的时基延时（好像是触发延时吧）非常有用；一旦你知道什么时候使用，为什么使用，怎么样使用时基延时的时候。

70/Knowwhattoexpectbeforeyoumeasure,otherwiseanymeasurementismeaningless.
在你测量之前要明白会发生什么事情，否则任何测量是没有意义的。

72/Understandvirtualground,slew-rate,CMRRandPSRR.(CMRRdecreasewithincreaseinfreq)
理解虚地、摆率、共模抑制比和电源抑制比.(共模抑制比随着频率的升高而下降)

73/Makingmeasurementsnearaspec-analyzer"snoisefloorwillgive3dBerrors.
在频谱仪的噪声层（啥是噪声层？没钱,用不起频谱仪,学校没有……）附近测量会引起3dB的误差
74/Understandthephase-noiselimitationsoftheanalyzerwhenmakingsuchmeasurementsonoscillators.
测量振荡器时，理解相位噪声对仪器的限制
75/InaLCoscillatoraddsomeCwith-vetempcoeftocancelthe+vetempcoefoftheLformindriftwithtemp.
在LC振荡器种，加入具有负温度系数的电容来抵消电感的正温度系数，减小温飘
76/LessdriftwillresultfrommakingCwithafewparallelcaps,toreducetheheatingeffectoftheoscillatingcurrentwhenspreadoutoveralargerplatearea.
在电容两端并联上适当的电容器，通过减小当电流流过一个较大的板面积（谁有更精确的翻译？这个不懂）时的振荡器电流引起的热效应，从而减小漂移
77/YouwillgetmoretuningrangewiththesameLCcombinationinaClappthaninaColpittscircuit.
使用相同的LC组合，使用克拉普振荡器（学了个新东西）可以获得比考比茨振荡器更大的调谐范围
78/High-QtunedLCfilterswillhavemoreinsertionloss.
高Q值的LC滤波器有更大的接入损耗
79/Williams"sRule(GuruatLinearTech)forprecisionopampcircuits:"Alwaysinvert(exceptwhenyoucan"t)
高精度运放放大电路的威廉姆法则（来自LinearTech的大师）：“永远反向（除非在你做不到的时候）”
80/Cukisnotakindoflocomotive.
库克直流斩波电路并不是一种（机车？我的理解是不能简单的当成把低压电源变成高压电源，因为库克电路不能提高带负载能力）

81: Ifyoudon'tknowhowtomakeadesignbetter,findoutwhatmakesitworse.
如果您不知道如何设计更好，那就找出是什么使情况变得更糟。

Sometimesyouknowjustenoughtobedangerous.
有时候当你知道得不够多时，你会陷入危险中。（似懂非懂的时候莫装13）

83/Impedancewillreflectbackasthesquareoftheturnsratio.
阻抗会以匝数比之平方反射回去(阻抗变换)
84/Ifyoucoulddesignacomponentwiththecharacteristicsofafingeritcouldcuremanydesignproblemsandyouwillberich.
如果你能使用手指的特点（OMG召唤英语帝，我晕了，是徒手的意思吗？）设计一个元件，那么这将会改正设计中的许多错误，你就会变得富有了（你赚的就多了）（我理解的是，如果你有徒手设计计算一个元件的功力了，就进阶为高手了）
85/Getnervouswhenthecustomeryouaretryingtohelpdoesn"tevenhaveascope.
如果你尽力想要帮助的顾客一点都不理解（你说的东西），那么要从你自身找原因（好吧，意译的比较严重）

86/SpecsquotedbyrepsalwaysexceedthosebyEngineering.
推销员给出的规格总是优于工程师所给出的
87/Abad(Engineer)workmanalwaysblameshistools.
差劲的工程师总是怪罪他的工具
88/Don"tbelieveeverythingthataSPICEprogramspitsout.
永远不要相信任何SPICE仿真给出的结果
89/Itiseasytogetthecolorcodeofa1kOhmand12Ohmresistormixedupwhenyouareinahurry.
匆匆忙忙时容易把12欧的色环电阻与1K的色环弄混（莫着急）
90/Ibetonecouldwriteathesisabouttheabilityofprobestogettangled-uponabench.
我打赌一个能写一篇关于探针能力的论文的人，在工作台上将无限纠结……

92/WhenprobingdirectlyonacrystalofauP,use10kOhmorsoresistorinserieswiththeprobetiptopreventloadingfromstoppingtheosc.
92.如果要直接在晶体引脚上面测试（比如万用表表笔或示波器探针），应该串联一个10K欧姆的电阻再测试，防止外部干扰窜入振荡回路或者说破坏原来的振荡状态。

93/Itiseasiertoseewhatishappeningontheportsusingascopewhenyoutriggeronechanagainstthecpuclock.
93/有时候,当你试着用CPU的反相钟来触发一个示波器通道时，也许更容易发现“端口”发生了什么故障（或问题）。
94/NationalSemiconductoroncemadeabadopampmanyyearsagothatsomeEngineersreferredtoitas"JellyBeans"
国家半导体公司很多年前生产过一颗坏运放，有些工程师称之为“果冻豆”。（寓意：要有怀疑的眼光看问题？）
95/Themomentyoucanstarttonoticedistortiononanoscilloscopeitisalreadywaypastbeingacceptable.
当你开始注意到示波器上的失真，其实它已经是在过去就被接受了的方式。
96/Bebigenoughtosay"Idon"tknow",peoplewillrespectyoumore.
大声说：“我不知道”，人们将更尊重你。
97/Thebestdesignerisoftenworkinginthemarketingdepartment.
最好的工程师常常在市场部门工作。
98/Someremarkablediscoveries/inventionsweremadebypeoplethatknewverylittleaboutthesubject.Don'tfallintoagrooveinyouthinkingprocess.
作出某些显着的发现/发明的人，其实他们对于这个课题了解并不多。不要在你的思考过程中养成一种习惯。
99/ThePeter-Principle:Everybodywillbepromoteduphisownlevelofincompetence.
彼得原理：每个人都将提高到他自己的知识水平（关于彼得原理的连接：
100/END-Enjoy