Table 2 Intra- and inter-observer mismatch percentages obtained from German operators A and B based on the descriptions of the facial features of 25 German males, yielded without and with the DMV atlas [19]

Features / Without atlas / With atlas
Intra-observer mismatch percentage / Inter-observer mismatch percentage / Intra-observer mismatch percentage / Inter-observer mismatch percentage
Operator A / Operator B / Operator A / Operator B
1 Head shape (Frontal) / 52% / 48% / 56% / 32% / 40% / 56%
2 Frontal height (Frontal) / 48% / 32% / 42% / 28% / 16% / 50%
3 Frontal Breadth (Frontal) / 28% / 24% / 58% / 32% / 24% / 42%
4 Frontal hairline (Frontal) / 44% / 20% / 42% / 28% / 24% / 52%
5 Forehead bias (Lateral) / 52% / 28% / 40% / 44% / 16% / 42%
6 Eyebrow height (Frontal) / 32% / 28% / 34% / 24% / 16% / 24%
7 Eyebrow density (Frontal) / 20% / 16% / 44% / 24% / 16% / 28%
8 Eyebrow shape (Frontal) / 76% / 36% / 70% / 64% / 52% / 70%
9 Mono-brow (Frontal) / 36% / 4% / 20% / 16% / 4% / 26%
10 Distance upper eyelid-eyebrow (Frontal) / 32% / 16% / 36% / 32% / 8% / 26%
11 Fold above upper eyelid (Frontal) / 20% / 16% / 26% / 8% / 4% / 26%
12 Lid axis (neutral expression) (Frontal) / 40% / 12% / 56% / 32% / 16% / 62%
13 Lower eyelid fold (Frontal) / 48% / 20% / 48% / 36% / 4% / 50%
14 Nasal root (Frontal) / 32% / 40% / 48% / 12% / 12% / 52%
15 Nose bridge length (Frontal) / 36% / 16% / 36% / 28% / 24% / 30%
16 Nose bridge breadth (Frontal) / 40% / 20% / 32% / 28% / 16% / 38%
17 Nose bridge process (Frontal) / 16% / 28% / 40% / 12% / 28% / 38%
18 Nose profile (Lateral) / 52% / 20% / 40% / 40% / 0% / 42%
19 Orientation of nose tip
(Lateral & Frontal) / 28% / 40% / 58% / 32% / 0% / 52%
20 Nose tip shape (Frontal) / 36% / 28% / 24% / 52% / 36% / 48%
21 Nose tip incisure (Frontal) / 16% / 0% / 20% / 20% / 0% / 18%
22 Nose protrusion (Lateral) / 58% / 40% / 54% / 52% / 8% / 54%
23 Nasal breadth (Frontal) / 20% / 36% / 48% / 40% / 24% / 34%
24 Alar wing length (Lateral) / 28% / 44% / 50% / 32% / 28% / 34%
25 Alar wing height (Lateral) / 52% / 32% / 50% / 24% / 16% / 38%
26 Nostrils (Lateral) / 44% / 32% / 56% / 20% / 28% / 36%
27 Philtrum height (Frontal) / 40% / 16% / 42% / 36% / 12% / 38%
28 Philtrum depth (Frontal) / 36% / 0% / 30% / 16% / 4% / 26%
29 Philtrum shape (Frontal) / 44% / 32% / 30% / 48% / 20% / 30%
30 Upper lip notch (Frontal) / 32% / 44% / 44% / 12% / 16% / 40%
31 Labial breadth
(neutral expression) (Frontal) / 20% / 40% / 60% / 12% / 36% / 42%
32 Orientation of mouth corner (neutral expression) (Frontal) / 24% / 12% / 44% / 32% / 24% / 46%
33 Chin shape (Frontal) / 48% / 48% / 30% / 20% / 32% / 34%
34 Chin transition (Frontal) / 60% / 24% / 38% / 16% / 24% / 28%
35 Chin protrusion (Lateral) / 24% / 20% / 22% / 24% / 12% / 38%
36 Chin dimple (Frontal) / 60% / 0% / 60% / 12% / 8% / 38%
37 Ear height (Lateral) / 36% / 24% / 42% / 56% / 20% / 38%
38 Ear breadth (Lateral) / 24% / 24% / 40% / 44% / 28% / 32%
39 Ear lobe size (Lateral) / 44% / 20% / 36% / 40% / 20% / 42%
40 Lobe attachment (Lateral) / 32% / 20% / 40% / 40% / 28% / 40%
41 Ear Protrusion (Frontal) / 28% / 44% / 36% / 8% / 20% / 14%
42 Transition head/neck (Frontal) / 44% / 20% / 54% / 28% / 0% / 54%
43 Protrusion of the cheekbones (Frontal) / 40% / 28% / 32% / 24% / 36% / 30%