Page 1
APPENDIX TABLES
Turkey WT/TPR/S/259Page 143
Table AI.1
Structure of exports, 2006-10
(US$ million and %)
2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010Total (US$ million) / 85,534.7 / 107,271.7 / 132,027.2 / 102,142.6 / 113,883.2
(%)
Total primary products / 17.7 / 17.5 / 17.8 / 18.0 / 19.5
Agriculture / 10.1 / 9.1 / 8.7 / 11.0 / 11.1
Food / 9.3 / 8.4 / 8.1 / 10.4 / 10.4
Agricultural raw material / 0.8 / 0.7 / 0.6 / 0.6 / 0.7
Mining / 7.6 / 8.4 / 9.2 / 7.0 / 8.4
Ores and other minerals / 1.8 / 1.9 / 1.9 / 1.8 / 2.6
Non-ferrous metals / 1.7 / 1.7 / 1.6 / 1.3 / 1.9
6842 Aluminium and aluminium alloys, worked / 0.9 / 1.0 / 0.8 / 0.8 / 1.0
Fuels / 4.2 / 4.8 / 5.7 / 3.8 / 3.9
Manufactures / 81.0 / 81.1 / 79.0 / 76.9 / 78.3
Iron and steel / 8.5 / 8.9 / 12.8 / 8.9 / 9.0
6762 Bars/rods (not 676.1) iron/steel, hot-rolled, etc. / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.0 / 0.1
6726 Semi-finished iron/steel products <0.25% carbon / 0.4 / 0.5 / 1.2 / 0.9 / 1.4
6794 Other tubes, pipes, and hollow profiles, iron/steel / 1.1 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 1.0
Chemicals / 4.6 / 4.4 / 4.6 / 5.2 / 6.0
Other semi-manufactures / 8.9 / 9.0 / 9.3 / 10.2 / 10.4
6612 Portland cement and similar hydraulic cements / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.9 / 1.2 / 1.0
Machinery and transport equipment / 30.8 / 31.9 / 29.7 / 28.2 / 27.9
Power generating machines / 0.8 / 0.8 / 0.8 / 0.6 / 0.6
Other non-electrical machinery / 4.0 / 4.4 / 4.2 / 3.8 / 4.0
Agricultural machinery and tractors / 0.3 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 0.3
Office machines & telecommunication equipment / 3.7 / 2.7 / 1.8 / 2.0 / 1.8
7611 Color television receivers / 3.4 / 2.2 / 1.4 / 1.7 / 1.5
Other electrical machines / 5.2 / 5.7 / 5.3 / 6.1 / 6.3
7731 Insulated wire, cable, etc.; optical fibre cables / 1.3 / 1.6 / 1.6 / 1.4 / 1.6
7752 Household fridges and freezers / 1.1 / 1.1 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 1.0
Automotive products / 13.7 / 14.5 / 13.5 / 11.7 / 12.1
7812 Motor vehicles for the transport of persons, n.e.s. / 6.6 / 6.4 / 5.7 / 6.0 / 5.5
7821 Goods vehicles / 3.5 / 3.9 / 3.9 / 2.3 / 2.9
7843 Other motor vehicle parts and accessories of 722, 781 to 783 / 2.1 / 2.4 / 2.2 / 2.0 / 2.3
Other transport equipment / 3.6 / 3.9 / 3.7 / 3.6 / 3.0
7139 Parts, n.e.s., for piston engines of 713.2, 713.3, 713.8 / 1.2 / 1.2 / 1.0 / 0.8 / 1.0
Textiles / 8.9 / 8.3 / 7.1 / 7.6 / 7.9
6552 Other knitted/crocheted fabrics, not impregnated/coated, etc. / 0.8 / 0.9 / 0.8 / 0.9 / 1.0
Clothing / 14.1 / 12.9 / 10.3 / 11.3 / 11.2
8454 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted / 3.4 / 2.9 / 2.2 / 2.3 / 2.4
8453 Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, etc., knitted/crocheted / 1.4 / 1.2 / 0.9 / 1.1 / 1.1
8426 Trousers, breeches, etc., women's/girls', not knitted/crocheted / 1.7 / 1.5 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.0
8414 Trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches and shorts / 1.1 / 1.0 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 0.9
Other consumer goods / 5.3 / 5.5 / 5.2 / 5.6 / 5.9
8973 Jewellery of gold, silver or platinum metals (except watches) / 1.3 / 1.5 / 1.3 / 1.1 / 1.3
Other / 1.2 / 1.4 / 3.2 / 5.1 / 2.2
Gold / 0.7 / 0.9 / 2.8 / 4.5 / 1.8
9710 Gold, non-monetary (excl. gold ores and concentrates) / 0.7 / 0.9 / 2.8 / 4.5 / 1.8
Source: UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3); and data provided by the Turkish authorities.
Table AI.2
Destinations of exports, 2006-10
(US$ million and %)
2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010Total (US$ million) / 85,534.7 / 107,271.7 / 132,027.2 / 102,142.6 / 113,883.2
(%)
America / 7.4 / 5.2 / 5.0 / 4.8 / 5.3
United States / 5.9 / 3.9 / 3.3 / 3.2 / 3.3
Other America / 1.5 / 1.3 / 1.7 / 1.6 / 2.0
Europe / 60.1 / 60.4 / 53.1 / 52.8 / 50.8
EU(27) / 56.0 / 56.3 / 48.0 / 46.0 / 46.3
Germany / 11.3 / 11.2 / 9.8 / 9.6 / 10.1
United Kingdom / 8.0 / 8.0 / 6.2 / 5.8 / 6.4
Italy / 7.9 / 7.0 / 5.9 / 5.8 / 5.7
France / 5.4 / 5.6 / 5.0 / 6.1 / 5.3
Spain / 4.3 / 4.3 / 3.1 / 2.8 / 3.1
Romania / 2.7 / 3.4 / 3.0 / 2.2 / 2.3
The Netherlands / 3.0 / 2.8 / 2.4 / 2.1 / 2.2
Belgium / 1.6 / 1.6 / 1.6 / 1.8 / 1.7
EFTA / 1.4 / 1.2 / 2.5 / 4.2 / 2.1
Switzerland / 1.1 / 0.9 / 2.2 / 3.9 / 1.8
Other / 2.6 / 2.9 / 2.6 / 2.5 / 2.4
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) / 7.7 / 8.8 / 9.8 / 7.8 / 9.0
Russian Federation / 3.8 / 4.4 / 4.9 / 3.1 / 4.1
Azerbaijan / 0.8 / 1.0 / 1.3 / 1.4 / 1.4
Africa / 5.3 / 5.6 / 6.9 / 9.9 / 8.2
Egypt / 0.8 / 0.8 / 1.1 / 2.5 / 2.0
Libya / 0.6 / 0.6 / 0.8 / 1.8 / 1.7
Middle East / 11.9 / 12.5 / 17.2 / 16.7 / 18.4
Iraq / 3.0 / 2.7 / 3.0 / 5.0 / 5.3
United Arab Emirates / 2.3 / 3.0 / 6.0 / 2.8 / 2.9
Iran Islamic Rep. / 1.2 / 1.3 / 1.5 / 2.0 / 2.7
Saudi Arabia / 1.1 / 1.4 / 1.7 / 1.7 / 1.9
Israel / 1.8 / 1.5 / 1.5 / 1.5 / 1.8
Syrian Arab Republic / 0.7 / 0.7 / 0.8 / 1.4 / 1.6
Asia / 3.5 / 3.6 / 4.2 / 4.9 / 5.8
China / 0.8 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.6 / 2.0
Japan / 0.3 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 0.2 / 0.2
Six East Asian Traders / 1.0 / 0.9 / 1.2 / 1.2 / 1.5
Other Asia / 1.4 / 1.5 / 1.7 / 2.0 / 2.0
Other / 4.1 / 3.9 / 3.8 / 3.1 / 2.5
Free zones / 3.5 / 2.7 / 2.3 / 1.9 / 1.8
Source: UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3); and data provided by the Turkish authorities.
Table AI.3
Structure of imports, 2006-10
(US$ million and %)
2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010Total (US$ million) / 139,576.2 / 170,062.7 / 201,963.6 / 140,928.4 / 185,544.3
(%)
Total primary products / 32.9 / 33.4 / 38.7 / 34.7 / 35.7
Agriculture / 5.2 / 5.8 / 6.5 / 6.8 / 6.9
Food / 2.5 / 3.0 / 4.2 / 4.3 / 4.0
Agricultural raw material / 2.7 / 2.7 / 2.2 / 2.5 / 2.9
2631 Cotton (other than linters), not carded or combed / 0.7 / 0.8 / 0.5 / 0.7 / 0.9
Mining / 27.7 / 27.6 / 32.2 / 27.9 / 28.8
Ores and other minerals / 3.5 / 3.9 / 5.1 / 3.9 / 4.6
2823 Other ferrous waste and scrap / 2.8 / 3.3 / 4.4 / 3.0 / 3.8
Non-ferrous metals / 3.5 / 3.7 / 3.2 / 2.8 / 3.4
6821 Copper anodes; alloys; unwrought / 1.3 / 1.4 / 1.2 / 1.1 / 1.4
6841 Aluminium and aluminium alloys, unwrought / 0.9 / 1.0 / 0.8 / 0.8 / 0.9
Fuels / 20.7 / 19.9 / 23.9 / 21.2 / 20.7
3330 Crude oils of petroleum and bituminous minerals / 7.7 / 6.9 / 7.7 / 4.6 / 0.0
3212 Other coal, whether or pulverized, not agglomerated / 1.4 / 1.5 / 1.6 / 2.1 / 0.5
3442 Gaseous hydrocarbons, liquefied, n.e.s. / 1.1 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.2
Manufactures / 63.9 / 63.1 / 58.5 / 63.7 / 62.7
Iron and steel / 5.8 / 6.7 / 7.4 / 5.4 / 5.2
Chemicals / 13.2 / 13.0 / 12.6 / 14.4 / 13.7
5429 Medicaments, n.e.s. / 1.3 / 1.2 / 1.3 / 1.8 / 1.4
5751 Propylene polymers or of other olefins / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.2
5711 Polyethylene / 0.7 / 0.8 / 0.7 / 0.8 / 0.8
Other semi-manufactures / 5.1 / 4.9 / 4.5 / 4.8 / 4.9
Machinery and transport equipment / 30.8 / 29.3 / 25.5 / 29.1 / 29.0
Power generating machines / 0.7 / 0.8 / 1.2 / 2.2 / 1.9
7165 Generating sets / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 0.6
Other non-electrical machinery / 9.2 / 9.0 / 7.3 / 7.3 / 7.1
Agricultural machinery and tractors / 0.4 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2
Office machines & telecommunication equipment / 5.5 / 5.1 / 4.0 / 5.1 / 4.6
7643 Radio or television transmission apparatus / 1.1 / 1.1 / 0.8 / 0.9 / 0.8
7522 Data processing machines, with at least processing, input, and output units / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 0.7 / 0.6
Other electrical machines / 3.7 / 3.7 / 3.4 / 4.2 / 3.9
7788 Electrical machinery and equipment, n.e.s. / 1.0 / 0.9 / 0.8 / 1.1 / 1.1
Automotive products / 9.3 / 8.6 / 7.5 / 7.5 / 8.3
7812 Motor vehicles for the transport of persons, n.e.s. / 3.1 / 2.8 / 2.3 / 3.0 / 3.7
7843 Other motor vehicle parts and accessories of 722, 781 to 783 / 3.0 / 2.9 / 2.6 / 2.4 / 2.4
7132 Internal combustion engines for vehicles of 78; 744.14, 744.15, 891.11 / 1.5 / 1.5 / 1.3 / 1.1 / 1.2
Other transport equipment / 2.4 / 2.0 / 2.1 / 2.9 / 3.2
7924 Aeroplanes, etc. (excluding helicopters), >15,000 kg unladen / 0.9 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 0.4 / 1.2
Textiles / 3.4 / 3.6 / 2.9 / 3.5 / 3.6
Clothing / 0.8 / 0.9 / 1.1 / 1.5 / 1.5
Other consumer goods / 4.8 / 4.7 / 4.4 / 4.9 / 4.7
Other / 3.2 / 3.5 / 2.8 / 1.6 / 1.6
Gold / 2.9 / 3.1 / 2.5 / 1.2 / 1.4
9710 Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) / 2.9 / 3.1 / 2.5 / 1.2 / 1.4
Source: UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3); and data provided by the Turkish authorities.
Table AI.4
Origins of imports, 2006-10
(US$ million and %)
2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010Total (US$ million) / 139,576.2 / 170,062.7 / 201,963.6 / 140,928.4 / 185,544.3
(%)
America / 6.7 / 7.1 / 8.5 / 8.7 / 9.1
United States / 4.5 / 4.8 / 5.9 / 6.1 / 6.6
Other America / 2.2 / 2.3 / 2.6 / 2.6 / 2.4
Europe / 46.0 / 43.9 / 40.3 / 42.4 / 41.4
EU(27) / 42.6 / 40.3 / 37.0 / 40.2 / 38.9
Germany / 10.6 / 10.3 / 9.3 / 10.0 / 9.5
Italy / 6.2 / 5.9 / 5.5 / 5.4 / 5.5
France / 5.2 / 4.6 / 4.5 / 5.0 / 4.4
Spain / 2.7 / 2.6 / 2.3 / 2.7 / 2.6
United Kingdom / 3.7 / 3.2 / 2.6 / 2.5 / 2.5
Romania / 1.9 / 1.8 / 1.8 / 1.6 / 1.9
Belgium / 1.8 / 1.7 / 1.6 / 1.7 / 1.7
Netherlands / 1.5 / 1.6 / 1.5 / 1.8 / 1.7
Poland / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.3 / 1.4
Sweden / 1.1 / 1.0 / 0.9 / 1.3 / 1.0
EFTA / 3.2 / 3.4 / 3.1 / 2.0 / 2.2
Switzerland / 2.9 / 3.1 / 2.8 / 1.4 / 1.7
Other / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.3
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) / 16.5 / 18.2 / 20.8 / 18.3 / 16.5
Russian Federation / 12.8 / 13.8 / 15.5 / 13.8 / 11.6
Ukraine / 2.2 / 2.7 / 3.0 / 2.2 / 2.1
Kazakhstan / 0.7 / 0.8 / 1.2 / 1.0 / 1.3
Africa / 5.3 / 4.0 / 3.8 / 4.0 / 3.5
Algeria / 1.3 / 1.2 / 1.6 / 1.4 / 1.2
Middle East / 7.1 / 7.1 / 8.0 / 6.1 / 8.0
Iran Islamic Rep. / 4.0 / 3.9 / 4.1 / 2.4 / 4.1
Saudi Arabia / 1.6 / 1.4 / 1.6 / 1.2 / 1.3
Asia / 17.4 / 18.7 / 17.6 / 19.5 / 20.4
China / 6.9 / 7.8 / 7.8 / 9.0 / 9.3
Japan / 2.3 / 2.2 / 2.0 / 2.0 / 1.8
Six East Asian Traders / 5.4 / 5.4 / 4.6 / 4.7 / 5.0
Korea, Rep. of / 2.5 / 2.6 / 2.0 / 2.2 / 2.6
Chinese Taipei / 1.2 / 1.1 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 1.0
Other Asia / 2.8 / 3.4 / 3.3 / 3.8 / 4.3
India / 1.1 / 1.4 / 1.2 / 1.4 / 1.8
Other / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.1
Source: UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3); and data provided by the Turkish authorities.
Table AII.1
Trade-related legislation, 2011
Area / Legislation / Entry into force /Foreign trade; including export promotion, and "additional financial obligations" on foreign trade transactions / Foreign Trade Regulations Law (No. 2976 of 1984) / 1984
Customs / Customs Law (No. 4458 of 2000) / 2000
Import regulations / Import Regime Decree (No. 7606 of 1995)
Quota and Tariff Quota Administration Decree (No. 339 of 2010) / 1995
2010
Export regulations / Law on Measures to be taken by the Government Relating to Taxes for the Purpose of Promoting Exports (No. 261 of 1963)
Export Regime Decree (No. 7623 of 1995)
Export Regulation (Official Gazette No. 26190 of 2006)
Inward Processing Regime Decree (No. 8391 of 2005)
Outward Processing Regime Decree (No. 11864 of 2007) / 1963
1996
2006
2005
2007
Government procurement / Public Procurement Law (No. 4734 of 2002)
Public Procurement Contracts Law (No. 4735 of 2002) / 2002
2002
State aid / Decree Concerning State Aid to Investments (No. 15199 of 2009)
Communiqué Regarding the implementation of the Decree Concerning State Aid to Investments (No. 1 of 2009)
State Aid on Exports Decree (No. 6401 of 1994)
Procedures for Collection of Public Claims Law (No. 6183 of 1953) / 2009
2002
2006
1994
1995
Fiscal / Personal Taxes Law (No. 5479 of 2006)
Corporate Tax Law (No. 5520 of 2006, amending Law No. 5422)
Income Tax Law (No. 5479 of 2006)
Law No. 4842 of 2003, amending Law No. 4369 of 1998,
Special Consumption Tax (SCT) Law (No. 4760 of 2002) / 2006
2006
2006
2003
2002
Privatization / Privatization Law No. 4046 of 1994, amended by Law No. 4971 of 2003
Law No. 4446 of 1999 (amendment of Articles 47 and 155 of the Constitution) / 2003
1999
Land ownership / Land Registry Law No.2644 (Article 35 and 36)
Law on Soil Conservation and Land Use (No. 5403) / 2005
Employment / Labour Law (No. 4857 of 2003)
Employment of Foreign Personnel Law (No. 4817 of 2003)
Maritime Labour Law (No. 854)
Press Labour Law (No. 5953)
Draft amendments to legislation on the employment of foreigners, presented to the Parliament in May 2006
Turkish Employment Agency Law (No. 4904 of 2003) / 2003
2003
1967
1952
2003
Regional investment incentives / Organized Industrial Zones Law (No. 4562 of 2000)
Industrial Zones Law (No. 4737 of 2002)
Law on the Encouragement of Investment and Employment and Amendment of Certain Laws (No. 5084 of 2004)
Law (No. 5350 of 2005), and Law (No. 5615 of 2007) amending Law No.5084
Communiqué No. 2007/1 regarding the implementation of Energy Support Measures (Official Gazette No. 26572 of 2007) / 2000
2002
2004
2005, 2007
2007
Subsidies / Adopting the Agreement on Interpretation and Application of Articles IV, XVI, and XXIII of the GATT (subsidies code) Decree (No. 9155 of 1985) / 1985
Free zones / Free Zones Law (No. 3218 of 1985)
Law on the Encouragement of Investment and Employment and Amendment of Certain Laws (No. 5084 of 2004) / 1985
2004
Technical regulations and standards / The Law Relating to the Preparation And Implementation Of Technical Legislation On Products (No. 4703)
Ministerial Decree on the Regime Regarding Technical Regulations and Standardization for Foreign Trade (No:9454 of 2005 / 2002
2005
Sanitary and phytosanitary measures / Sanitary Law (No. 1593 of 1930)
Turkish Foods Codex Regulation (Official Gazette No. 23172 (bis) of 1997) / 1930