Nursing Theory Assignment – November 5, 2009

I.  For your assigned theorist (see next page): please be prepared to discuss the following:

1.  Name the theorist(s) and provide some background information

a.  Is the theorist still living? Yes

b.  If so, where is the theorist today and what is she doing? Independent Curriculum Consultant in Nursing; Private Practice Health Consultant; Author; Lecturer; Instructor; Individual & Family Counselor

HISTORY AND BACKGROUND OF THE THEORIST

·  Betty Neumann was born in 1924, in Lowel, Ohio.

·  She completed BS in nursing in 1957 and MS in Mental Health Public health consultation, from UCLA in 1966. She holds a Ph.D. in clinical psychology

·  She was a pioneer in the community mental health movement in the late 1960s.

·  Betty Neumann began developing her health system model while a lecturer in community health nursing at University of California, Los Angeles.

·  The models was initially developed in response to graduate nursing students expression of a need for course content that would expose them to breadth of nursing problems prior to focusing on specific nursing problem areas.

·  The model was published in 1972 as “A Model for Teaching Total Person Approach to Patient Problems” in Nursing Research.

·  It was refined and subsequently published in the first edition of Conceptual Models for Nursing Practice, 1974, and in the second edition in 1980.

Retrieved from: http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Neumann.htm

2.  Define the components of the metaparadigm:

a.  Definition of health:

b.  Definition of man/patient/recipient of care:

Definition of environment: A system is composed of a set of interacting elements; each system can be identified and is distinct from the environment in which it exists. An open system exchanges energy and matter with the environment (negentropy), whereas a closed system is isolated from its environment (entropy). Systems depend on both positive and negative feedback to maintain a steady state (homeostasis).

(Stanhope, Marcia. Foundations of Nursing in the Community: Community-Oriented Practice, 2nd Edition. Mosby, 102005. 18.10.2).

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b.  Definition of nursing and the role of nursing (i.e. what is the goal of nursing care?)

Box 18-5 Assumptions of the Systems Approach

• Family systems are greater than and different from the sum of their parts.

• There are many hierarchies within family systems and logical relationships between subsystems (e.g., mother-child, family-community).

• There are boundaries in the family system that can be open, closed, or random.

• Family systems increase in complexity over time, evolving to allow greater adaptability, tolerance to change, and growth by differentiation.

• Family systems change constantly in response to stresses and strains from within and from outside environments. There are structural similarities in different family systems (isomorphism).

• Change in one part of family systems affects the total system.

• Causality is modified by feedback; therefore causality never exists in the real world.

• Family systems patterns are circular rather than linear; change must be directed toward the cycle.

• Family systems are an organized whole; therefore individuals within the family are interdependent.

• Family systems have homeostasis features to maintain stable patterns that can be adaptive or maladaptive.

(Stanhope, Marcia. Foundations of Nursing in the Community: Community-Oriented Practice, 2nd Edition. Mosby, 102005. 18.10.2.1).

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3.  Discuss one nursing research article published in the past 5 years that used this theory as a basis for the study

a.  Definition of nursing research article: a research study that was done by nurses and/or published in a nursing journal

b.  Bring a copy of the article with you

c.  Be prepared to

i.  State the research question or hypothesis

ii. Describe what was studied

iii.  Discuss how the study and its findings relate to the theory

IF there is no published nursing research using the model during the past 5 years, find the last time this was used in nursing research and be prepared to report on that research as per above

II.  Prepare a 1-page handout for your classmates with the information contained in #s 1 and 2 above. Post this on Blackboard in the WIKI.

Nursing Theorist / Student
Margaret Newman: Health as Expanding Consciousness / Dan Ashdon
Dorothy Johnson: Behavioral Systems Model / Jessica Baker
Myra Levine: The Conservation Model / Robert Belcon
Dorothea Orem: Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing / Jennifer Curts
Sister Callista Roy: Adaptation Model / Sarah Davis
Katherine Barnard: Parent-Child Interaction / Melissa Dougherty
Imogene King: Theory of Goal Attainment / Molly Hareid
Betty Neuman: Systems Model / Melinda Howard
Rosemarie Parse: Human Becoming / Jeanice Jaroll
Ramona Mercer: Maternal Role Attainment / Belinda Johnston
Merle Mishel: Uncertainty in Illness Theory / Heather Kitterman
Madeline Leininger: Culture Care Theory / Elizabeth Ly
Martha Rogers: The Science of Unitary Human Beings / Lisa McCormick
Jean Watson: Philosophy and Science of Caring / TaJonda Meadows
Nola Pender: Health Promotion Model / Katherine Morgan
Katherine Kolcaba: Comfort Theory / Jessica Nelson
Patricia Benner: From Novice to Expert / Linh Nguyen
Hildegard Peplau: Interpersonal Relations in Nursing / Nena Saunders
Josephine Paterson/Loretta Zderad: Humanistic Nursing Theory / Kelly Summers
Reva Rubin: Development of Maternal Identity / Erica Swindell
Elizabeth Lentz/Linda Pugh: Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms / Kaci Thate
Janice Morse: Theory of Suffering / Rachel Trevett
Karen Dunn: Adaptation to Chronic Pain / Melinda Watkins
Joyce J. Fitzpatrick: Life Perspective Rhythm Model / Jared Weaver