Note. Denotes Missing

Anxiety Effectiveness

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Clinically Representative Codes by Study
Study / CR Setting / CR referrals / CR Therapists / CR structure / CR monitoring / No therapy training / No random / CR patients / Meds allowed
CRSE / CRR / CRT / CRST / CRM / NPT / NR / CRPA / MA / TOTAL
Panic
Wade, Treat & Stuart / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.5 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 6
Rosenberg & Hougaard / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 8
Hahlweg et al. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7.5
Addis et al. / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 5
Martinsen et al. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 8.5
Sanderson, Raue & Wetzler / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 5.5
Bakker et al. / 0.5 / *** / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.5 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 3
Friedman et al. (2006) / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7.5
Heldt et al. / 1.0 / *** / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7
Garcia-Palacios et al. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 8.5
Sharp et al. (2000) / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7
Burke et al. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 6
Sharpe et al. (2004) / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7
Hunt & Andrews / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 8
Ellis & Lehman / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 8
Warren et al. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 8.5
Deacon & Abramowitz / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 6.5
OCD
Rothbaum / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 8.5
Wetzel, Bents & Florin / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 9
Warren & Thomas / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 8.5
Franklin et al. / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.5 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 5.5
Friedman et al. (2003) / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7.5
Tolin et al. (2004) / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7
Tolin et al. (2007) / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 6
Norberg et al. (clinic 1) / 0.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 6.5
Norberg et al. (clinic 2) / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 6.5
Van Noppen et al. / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7.5
SAD
McEvoy / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 9
Gaston et al. / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7.5
Lincoln et al. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 8
Chambless et al. / 0.0 / 0.5 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 5
Herbert et al. (2004) / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 3.5
Herbert et al. (2005) / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 3.5
Mortberg et al. (2005) / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 7
Mortberg et al. (2006) / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 6.5
Marom et al. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 8.5
PTSD
Gillespie et al. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7.5
Feske / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7.5
Foa et al. (2005) / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 4.5
Levitt et al. / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 6
Schultz et al. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7
GAD
Linden et al. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 3.5
Stanley et al. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.5 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 6.5
White, Keenan & Brooks / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 8.5
Durham et al. / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 7.5
Arntz / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.5 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 4.5
ALL DISORDERS EXCEPT PTSD
Westbrook & Kirk / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 8.5

Note. *** denotes missing

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Sensitivity Analysis with Varying r in Meta-Analytic Calculation of Standard Error and Resultant Effect Size

Disorder/Symptoms / ES / SE / z / 95% CI
Panic disorder
r = .2
Attacks / 1.00 / 0.12 / 8.30 / 0.76 / 1.24
Avoidance / 0.83 / 0.12 / 6.62 / 0.58 / 1.07
Fear of fear / 1.24 / 0.16 / 7.66 / 0.92 / 1.56
Depression / 1.03 / 0.08 / 13.20 / 0.87 / 1.18
Generalized anxiety / 1.02 / 0.13 / 8.03 / 0.77 / 1.27
r = .6
Attacks / 1.02 / 0.12 / 8.33 / 0.78 / 1.26
Avoidance / 0.82 / 0.12 / 6.74 / 0.58 / 1.05
Fear of fear / 1.22 / 0.15 / 8.08 / 0.92 / 1.52
Depression / 1.00 / 0.08 / 12.92 / 0.85 / 1.15
Generalized anxiety / 1.01 / 0.13 / 8.04 / 0.76 / 1.25
Social Anxiety disorder
r = .2
Social anxiety symptoms / 1.05 / 0.13 / 8.05 / 0.79 / 1.30
Depression / 0.75 / 0.09 / 8.15 / 0.57 / 0.93
r = .6
Social anxiety symptoms / 1.04 / 0.13 / 8.28 / 0.79 / 1.28
Depression / 0.72 / 0.09 / 7.61 / 0.53 / 0.90
Posttraumatic stress disorder
r = .2
PTSD symptoms / 2.59 / 0.27 / 9.49 / 2.05 / 3.12
Depression / 1.63 / 0.33 / 5.02 / 1.00 / 2.27
r = .6
PTSD symptoms / 2.60 / 0.27 / 9.51 / 2.06 / 3.13
Depression / 1.61 / 0.31 / 5.12 / 0.99 / 2.22
Generalized anxiety disorder
r = .2
Generalized anxiety / 0.92 / 0.09 / 10.68 / 1.09 / 0.75
Depression / 0.89 / 0.11 / 8.37 / 1.10 / 0.68
r = .6
Generalized anxiety / 0.91 / 0.07 / 13.80 / 0.78 / 1.04
Depression / 0.88 / 0.08 / 10.92 / 0.73 / 1.04
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
r = .2
OCD symptoms / 1.35 / 0.07 / 18.76 / 1.21 / 1.49
Depression / 0.90 / 0.07 / 13.26 / 0.77 / 1.03
r = .6
OCD symptoms / 1.29 / 0.06 / 22.04 / 1.17 / 1.40
Depression / 0.88 / 0.05 / 16.61 / 0.77 / 0.98

Anxiety Effectiveness

Supplemental Materials to Appear on the Journal’s Website

Patient Characteristics by Study

Age (M) / Sex (% female) / Ethnicity (%) / Marital status (% Married) / Axis I Comorbidity (%) / Education level (% college graduates) / Employment (% employed full-time)

Panic

Wade, Treat & Stuart / 31.1 / 70.9 / - / 51.4 / 41.3 / 29.1 / -
Rosenberg & Hougaard / 33.1 / 73.6 / - / 49.1 / 86.6 / 50.9 / -
Hahlweg et al. / 35.6 / 67 / - / 52 / - / 27 / 52
Addis et al. / 39.9 / - / 4 AA
80 C
2 H / - / 39 MDD
21 Other Anxiety / 28 / -
Martinsen et al. / 34.5 / 67.5 / - / 69.9 / 65.1 / - / 65.1
Sanderson, Raue & Wetzler / 37 / 73 / 3 AA
43 C
53 H / - / - / - / -
Bakker et al. / 33.9 / 74 / - / - / - / - / -
Friedman et al. (2006) / 39.7 / 80 / 60 AA
40 C / - / 75 / - / 47.5
Heldt et al. / 40 / 86.2 / - / - / 62 / - / -
Garcia-Palacios et al. / 31.18 / 88 / - / 45.8 / - / 37.5 and currently enrolled / -
Sharp et al. (2000) / 35 / - / - / - / - / - / -
Burke et al. / 40 / 100 / - / - / - / - / -
Sharpe et al. (2004) / GCBT: 41.7; lCBT: 34.6 / - / - / - / - / - / -
Hunt & Andrews / 32.4 / 54.8 / - / - / - / - / -
Ellis & Lehman / 37.8 / 76 / 100% C / 58 / - / - / -
Warren et al. / 35.6 / 71 / 67 / 36 / 35.6 / -
Deacon & Abramowitz / 38.4 / 80 / 100% C / 80 or cohabitating / - / 50 / 70

OCD

/ Age (M) / Sex (% female) / Ethnicity (%) / Marital status (% Married) / Axis I
Comorbidity (%) / Education level (% college graduates) / Employment
Rothbaum / 32.7 / 56.5 / - / 47.8 / - / - / 73.9
Wetzel, Bents & Florin / 34.1 / 77.6 / - / - / - / 15.3 / -
Warren & Thomas / 30.1 / 37 / - / 37 / 32 / - / -
Franklin et al. / 34.2 / 47.2 / 98 C
2 O / 31 / 54 / 46 / 39
Friedman et al. (2003) / 40.5 AA 38.6 C / 92 AA
50C / 24 AA
58 C
17.7 CA / - / - / - / 50 AA
50 C
Tolin et al. (2004) / 39.35 / 50 / 90 C
10 O / 50 / 75 / 50 / 50
Tolin et al. (2007) / 38.18 / 36.6 / - / - / - / - / -
Norberg et al. (clinic 1) / 31.78 / 44.7 / - / - / - / - / -
Norberg et al. (clinic 2) / 31.78 / 44.7 / - / - / - / - / -
Van Noppen et al. / GBT: 35.1 MFBT: 31.1 / GBT: 59 MFBT: 74 / - / GBT: 71
MFBT: 53 / - / - / -

SAD

/ Age (M) / Sex (% female) / Ethnicity (%) / Marital status (% Married) / Axis I Comorbidity (%?) / Education level (% college graduates) / Employment
McEvoy / 32.5 / 39 / - / 25 / 74 / 52 / 59
Gaston et al. / 31.1 / 37 / - / 27.8 / 71.1 / 79.6
Lincoln et al. / 33.7 / 43 / - / 48 / 44 / 31 / 60
Chambless et al. / 35 / 56.4 / 6 AA
10 A
73 C
11 H / 45 / - / 25 / 69
Herbert et al. (2005) / 33.7 / 57 / 23 AA
8 A
65 C
2 H
3 O / 25 / 55.4 / 25 / 69
Mortberg et al. (2005) / 35 / - / - / 37 / 100 / 56 / 74
Mortberg et al. (2006) / T: 32.2
WL: 34.5 / T: 77
WL: 53.8 / - / T: 46.2
WL: 53.8 / T: Depression, 69.2; Other Anxiety, 38.5
WL: Depression, 77, Other Anxiety, 5 / T: 69.2
WL: 38.5 / T: 61.5
WL: 53.8
Marom et al. / GSP: 34.9 SSP: 36.7 / GSP: 54.8 SSP: 36.7 / - / GSP: 51.4
SSP: 61 / GSP: Depression 25.4, Other Anxiety, 42.9
SSP: Depression, 11.9, Other Anxiety, 33.3 / - / GSP: 82.4
SSP: 88.1

PTSD

/ Age (M) / Sex (% female) / Ethnicity (%) / Marital status (% Married) / Comorbidity (%) / Education level (% college graduates) / Employment (% employed full-time)
Gillespie et al. / - / 70.3 / - / - / 54 / - / -
Feske / 41 / 100 / 80 AA
20 C / 10 / 90 / 0 / 10
Foa et al. (2005) / 31.3 / 100 / 43.6 AA
49.2 C
7.3 O / 21.5 / 67.3 / 14.1 / 39.8
Levitt et al. / 45 / 68 / 4 AA
79 C
7 H
10 O / - / - / - / -
Schultz et al. / 45.8 / 86.8 / 83 YS
16.9 AF / - / - / - / -
GAD / Mean Age / Sex (% female) / Ethnicity (%) / Marital status (% Married) / Comorbidity (%) / Education level (% college graduates) / Employment (% employed full-time)
Linden et al. / 43.3 / 83.3 / - / 70.8 or cohabitating / - / - / -
Stanley et al. / 70.6 / 83.3 / 25 AA
50 C
25 H / 66.7 / - / - / 8.3
White, Keenan & Brooks / - / 72.5 / - / - / - / - / -
Durham et al. / 39 / 51 / - / 71 or cohabitating / 74 / - / -
Arntz / 35.9 / 66.6 / - / 71.1 or cohabitating / 46.7 / 15.6 / 38
ALL DISORDERS EXCEPT PTSD / Age (M) / Sex (% female) / Ethnicity (%) / Marital status (% Married) / Comorbidity (%) / Education level (% college graduates) / Employment (% employed full-time)
Westbrook & Kirk / 35.1 / 68.3 / - / 52.1 or cohabitating / - / - / -