Chap 4 Exam
Name:______/ Date:______
Multiple Choice
Directions: Circle the correct answer.
A- / channeling
B- / manipulation
C- / activity exposure
D- / verbal appellation
2- / All but which one of the following are true regarding men's family roles? REF: p. 129
A- / Researchers have expressed concern about the impact of working fathers on the family.
B- / Men consider their family role to be much greater than family breadwinner.
C- / Many of those in the Men's Movement share the beliefs of feminism.
D- / Until recently, there has been little research into men's participation in family life.
3- / Hormonally, _____ produce estrogens; _____ produce androgens. REF: p. 111
A- / males; females
B- / females; males
C- / children; adults
D- / males and females; males and females
4- / In the famous "Baby X" experiments, _____. REF: p. 112
A- / it was found that adults actually do not treat a baby any differently if they are told the baby is male than if they are told it is female
B- / adults assumed that fussing behavior was anger rather than frustration if they believed the child was a female
C- / adults assumed that fussing behavior was frustration rather than anger if they believed the child was a male
D- / adults who were not informed about the sex of the baby felt extremely uncomfortable when interacting with it
5- / Within marriages and families, which area experienced the least gender inequality_____. REF: p. 136
A- / child care
B- / sex
C- / housework
6- / According to feminists, male dominance is the result of millions of years of natural selection. REF: p. 113
A- / False
B- / True
7- / _____ focuses on how different institutions bestow advantages on men. REF: p. 113
A- / Cognitive development theory
B- / Gender theory
C- / No options are correct
D- / Social learning theory
8- / If a boy hears his brother being called a "sissy" because he likes to play with a doll, he is likely to expect that he too would be similarly taunted if he played with a doll. This is an application of _____ theory. REF: p. 114
A- / social learning
B- / gender
C- / cognitive development
D- / transcendence
9- / Men and women are more alike than different but our culture has encouraged us to look for differences and to exaggerate their degree and significance but actually _____. REF: p. 109
A- / False
B- / True
10- / Aggressiveness and dominance among males actually have been found to assist males in fulfilling their marital and family roles.
A- / False
B- / True
11- / Margaret Mead's studies of the Arapesh and the Mundugumor of New Guinea revealed that _____. REF: p. 110
A- / both men and women can be competitive, aggressive, and violent
B- / all options are correct
C- / both men and women can be passive, cooperative, and nurturing
D- / culture creates masculinity and femininity
12- / Research by Gilligan found that the self-esteem of girls plummeted between the ages of _____. REF: p. 131
A- / 9 to 15
B- / 7 to l0
C- / 3 to 6
D- / 16 to 22
13- / Parents generally acknowledge that they treat sons & daughters differently. REF: p. 116
A- / False
B- / True
14- / Rigidly held and oversimplified beliefs that all males and females, as a result of their gender, possess distinct psychological and behavioral traits are known as _____. REF:p.108
A- / gender-role attitudes
B- / gender-role behaviors
C- / gender-role stereotypes
D- / gender roles
15- / The traditional male gender role includes _____. REF: p. 124
A- / aggression and intimacy
B- / work and cooperation
C- / work, dominance, and family
D- / communication and understanding
16- / Music videos, as well as television in general depict women as sex objects. REF: p. 123
A- / False
B- / True
17- / All of the following are characteristics of the male gender role except _____. REF: p. 130
A- / difficulties in achieving intimacy with partners
B- / difficulties in expressing feelings
C- / unsatisfactory relationships with one's children
D- / poorer self-confidence and mental health
18- / Which of the following statements about the media is true? REF: p. 120
A- / The overwhelming majority of women portrayed in advertisements in women's magazines are career women.
B- / Women on television are typically under age forty, well-groomed, and attractive.
C- / More women appear on prime time television than do men.
D- / The majority of characters on Sesame Street are female.
19- / At what age do most children become convinced that gender is permanent? REF: p. 115
A- / 6-7
B- / 4-5
C- / 2-3
D- / 8-9
20- / According to the text, an adolescent listens to about _____ hours of music between seventh and twelfth grades. REF: p. 123
A- / 10,500
B- / 8,000
C- / 6,500
D- / 15,000
21- / Males from which of the following groups were found in a recent study by Leon (1993) to be the most supportive of egalitarian gender roles? REF: p. 127
A- / African-American
B- / Chinese
C- / Latino
D- / White
22- / Classroom observations find that _____. REF: p. 118-119
A- / teachers call on boys more often
B- / all options are correct
C- / intelligent girls are often devalued by boys
D- / teachers are more patient with boys during explanations
23- / According to Kohlberg, very young children base their identification of their gender on _____. REF: p. 115
A- / differences in the way adults react to them
B- / behavioral differences
C- / differences in genitals
D- / superficial features such as hair length or clothing
24- / _____ is(are) learned at a very young age and is(are) perhaps the deepest concept we hold of ourselves. REF: p. 109
A- / Gender-role behavior
B- / Gender identity
C- / Gender role
D- / Sexual script
25- / As socializing agents, children's peers do all of the following except _____. REF: p. 119
A- / provide a stronger influence than parents during adolescence
B- / influence their friends through approval or disapproval
C- / provide intimate relationships
D- / influence their friends through modeling
26- / Cognitive development theory proposes that once children learn gender is permanent, they independently strive to fulfill their proper gender role. REF: p. 115
A- / False
B- / True
27- / White females encourage more independence in their daughters than do African-American families.
A- / False
B- / True
28- / Research on the impact of teachers on gender role socialization has shown that _____. REF: p. 118
A- / girls are praised more for the appearance and neatness of their work than for its accuracy
B- / boys initially outperform girls in all elementary school subjects, but because their teachers expect them to be trouble-makers, they eventually conform to that role
C- / girls tend to get more attention in elementary school because the vast majority of teachers are women
D- / girls in all-girl schools do more poorly than girls in coed schools
29- / Employment is an integral, normative, and traditional component of being a wife and mother for _____ women. REF: p. 128
A- / Latino
B- / white
C- / African-American
D- / Chinese
30- / Which of the following is not a difficulty associated with studies of gender roles? REF: p. 109
A- / Males and females are erroneously seen as polar opposites.
B- / There is sometimes confusion about the meaning of certain key terms.
C- / Such studies have generally focused on minority status ethnic groups.
D- / White middle-class values may be projected onto other groups.
31- / When children are born husbands and wives roles tend to become more traditional, even in nontraditional marriages. REF: p. 116
A- / False
B- / True
Exam / v. 39-2363
Chap 4 Exam
Answer Key
Multiple Choice
1- / When parents direct their children's attention to specific objects such as dolls for girls and trucks for boys they are engaging in _____. REF: p. 117A- / channeling
2- / All but which one of the following are true regarding men's family roles? REF: p. 129
A- / Researchers have expressed concern about the impact of working fathers on the family.
3- / Hormonally, _____ produce estrogens; _____ produce androgens. REF: p. 111
D- / males and females; males and females
4- / In the famous "Baby X" experiments, _____. REF: p. 112
D- / adults who were not informed about the sex of the baby felt extremely uncomfortable when interacting with it
5- / Within marriages and families, which area experienced the least gender inequality_____. REF: p. 136
B- / sex
6- / According to feminists, male dominance is the result of millions of years of natural selection. REF: p. 113
A- / False
7- / _____ focuses on how different institutions bestow advantages on men. REF: p. 113
B- / Gender theory
8- / If a boy hears his brother being called a "sissy" because he likes to play with a doll, he is likely to expect that he too would be similarly taunted if he played with a doll. This is an application of _____ theory. REF: p. 114
A- / social learning
9- / Men and women are more alike than different but our culture has encouraged us to look for differences and to exaggerate their degree and significance but actually _____. REF: p. 109
B- / True
10- / Aggressiveness and dominance among males actually have been found to assist males in fulfilling their marital and family roles.
A- / False
11- / Margaret Mead's studies of the Arapesh and the Mundugumor of New Guinea revealed that _____. REF: p. 110
B- / all options are correct
12- / Research by Gilligan found that the self-esteem of girls plummeted between the ages of _____. REF: p. 131
A- / 9 to 15
13- / Parents generally acknowledge that they treat sons & daughters differently. REF: p. 116
A- / False
14- / Rigidly held and oversimplified beliefs that all males and females, as a result of their gender, possess distinct psychological and behavioral traits are known as _____. REF:p.108
C- / gender-role stereotypes
15- / The traditional male gender role includes _____. REF: p. 124
C- / work, dominance, and family
16- / Music videos, as well as television in general depict women as sex objects. REF: p. 123
B- / True
17- / All of the following are characteristics of the male gender role except _____. REF: p. 130
D- / poorer self-confidence and mental health
18- / Which of the following statements about the media is true? REF: p. 120
B- / Women on television are typically under age forty, well-groomed, and attractive.
19- / At what age do most children become convinced that gender is permanent? REF: p. 115
A- / 6-7
20- / According to the text, an adolescent listens to about _____ hours of music between seventh and twelfth grades. REF: p. 123
A- / 10,500
21- / Males from which of the following groups were found in a recent study by Leon (1993) to be the most supportive of egalitarian gender roles? REF: p. 127
A- / African-American
22- / Classroom observations find that _____. REF: p. 118-119
B- / all options are correct
23- / According to Kohlberg, very young children base their identification of their gender on _____. REF: p. 115
D- / superficial features such as hair length or clothing
24- / _____ is(are) learned at a very young age and is(are) perhaps the deepest concept we hold of ourselves. REF: p. 109
B- / Gender identity
25- / As socializing agents, children's peers do all of the following except _____. REF: p. 119
A- / provide a stronger influence than parents during adolescence
26- / Cognitive development theory proposes that once children learn gender is permanent, they independently strive to fulfill their proper gender role. REF: p. 115
B- / True
27- / White females encourage more independence in their daughters than do African-American families.
A- / False
28- / Research on the impact of teachers on gender role socialization has shown that _____. REF: p. 118
A- / girls are praised more for the appearance and neatness of their work than for its accuracy
29- / Employment is an integral, normative, and traditional component of being a wife and mother for _____ women. REF: p. 128
C- / African-American
30- / Which of the following is not a difficulty associated with studies of gender roles? REF: p. 109
C- / Such studies have generally focused on minority status ethnic groups.
31- / When children are born husbands and wives roles tend to become more traditional, even in nontraditional marriages. REF: p. 116
B- / True