Mr. Schaumloffel’sRock’n Review Packet!

  1. What did the Supreme Court case Plessey v. Ferguson (1896) decide? What does separate but equal mean? Explain. Pg. 621

You could segregate legally. “Separate but Equal” meant there could be separate bathrooms, water fountains, etc as long as they were equal.

  1. What was the book Uncle Tom’s Cabin about? Who wrote it? Pg. 462-462

Written before Civil War. Novel that showed the horrors of slavery. Opened up people’s eyes to the hardships of slavery. Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe.

  1. Define corporation? How does buying shares of stock effect corporations? Pg. 594

Business that is owned by many people. By owning stock, you own a small piece of the company. Companies use the money you spend on stock to invest back into the company.

  1. What was the progressive area? What things in society did Progressive try and improve? Pg. 636

Progressives wanted to fix things: Political (corruption), Social (poor, child labor), and Economical (monopolies).

Late 1800’s to early 1900’s

  1. Define primary election?

An election that decides who will run for the various political parties (democrats, republicans, etc.). Gives the People more power.

  1. What is Yellow Journalism? What war did it help start? What does the quote “…You furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war,” mean? 663-664

Exaggerated newspaper reporting. Helped start the Spanish-American War. The newspapers were telling the reporters to take a picture that could be published and spark a war.

  1. Who were Louis Armstrong. Duke Ellington, and Bessie Smith?

Jazz musicians. Roaring 1920’s. The Harlem Renaissance.

  1. Define primary election? How did imperialism effect the causes of WWI? 679

Imperialism – when a bigger country takes over a smaller country. Germany, Russia wanted more colonies.

  1. What was the Truman Doctrine? Marshall Plan? Why did the USA have these policies? What were they trying to stop? 793 781 791

Helped people in other countries to resist threats of Communism. USA wanted to stop the spread of Communism. USA spent 13 billion $ to Europe after WWII to rebuild and prevent spread of Communism. We would help any way we could to help stop spread of Communism.

  1. Define the Dust Bowl? 739-740

No rain/lots of wind dried up soil and blew it away in the central USA.

  1. Why was the Montgomery Bus Boycott important? Who was involved? What did it start?

Started the Civil Rights Movement. Rosa Parks and MLK, Jr. became famous for civil rights.

  1. What was the turning point of the Civil War? WWII? American Revolution?

Gettysburg turning point of Civil War. Normandy during WWII. Saratoga during American Revolution.

  1. What areas of the population did the Great Depression effect?

Everyone – farmers, workers, employers

  1. What was the time period of the Great Depression? What decade was it in?

1929 – 1939 – Decade was the 1930’s

  1. What type of people came to the USA as immigrants? What were they looking for? Where did most immigrants settle in the USA?

People looking for jobs and a better life. Settled in big cities. European: Irish, Italian, Jewish immigrants

  1. What was the Spheres of Influence in China?

Open Door Policy ended the Spheres of Influence

  1. What was Teddy Roosevelt’s Big Stick Policy? What part of the world did it effect?

USA was not always nice to Latin America/South America. The threat of America using our military on South America/Latin America.

  1. How did Alliances effect the causes of WWI?

When one country attacked, the allies went to their aid.

  1. Who were the Muckrakers?

Jacob Rees – took photos of slums

Upton St. Clair – wrote “The Jungle” about the meat packing industry

Writers/photographers who exposed wrongdoings in society during the Progressive Era (late 1800’s, early 1900’s)

  1. What was the function of the NAACP?

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

Advocacy group for African Americans – still around today

  1. What is Susan B. Anthony know for?

Womens Suffragist – one of the main women who fought for women’s rights to vote

  1. What is a social reform? Provide examples?

Child Labor Laws, Women’s right to vote, housing for the poor

Social Reform is fixing problems in our society

  1. What is a quota system? How did it effect immigration?

Limit on immigration – slowed down immigration to America

  1. What were the reasons many American’s protested the Vietnam War?

Thought it was a civil war between North and South Vietnam and we should not be involved.

  1. What is social injustice? What method did MLK do to protest it?

Social Injustice – segregation

MLK used non-violent protest

  1. What was the Cold War? What were two countries that became enemies of the USA during the Cold War?

Wasn’t a real war, but a period of high tensions between the US and Soviet Union.

Soviet Union and China became enemies of US

  1. How did people in the USA help the war effort during WWII?

Victory garden – grew vegetables

Certain days of the week asked not to eat wheat, meat

Donate scrap metal, rubber (used for boot soles, tires, etc.)

  1. What happened to the US Army in the Philippines? Who was the American general? What did he say?

Japanese come into the Philippines and whip our butts. General MacArthur. When he leaves he says, “I shall return.”

  1. Who said “…a date which will live in infamy…?”

Franklin D. Roosevelt – referring to Pearl Harbor

  1. Who was the conductor of the Underground RR?

Harriet Tubman

  1. What event was the Reconstruction Period after?

Civil war

  1. After Reconstruction what organization was created in the south to take black’s rights away?

KKK

  1. What was the function of Ellis Island?

Processed immigrants that were coming into the USA.

  1. What is Mass-Production in factories? What did it do to the cost of goods?

Made things in large quantities, assembly line – lowered prices

  1. What is a primary source?

Original source or evidence: todays newspaper talking about today’s events, diary, etc

  1. What is trench warfare? What war was it used?

A type of combat in which opposing troops fight from trenches facing each other. Used in WWI

  1. What was the League of Nations? Why did the USA not join? (*will definitely be on final)

World’s first peace keeping organization

The USA did not join because they did not want to become involved in foreign conflicts

  1. What were the effects of WWII on the American economy? Explain why.

Helped the USA get out of the Great Depression because jobs were created to help with the war effort. Factories began making war materials.

  1. What is the interstate Highway? Why was it created in the 1950s?

I-95, I-495, Network roads through the US states used to transport goods. Got the idea from the autobahn in Germany. Created to move military materials.

  1. What are guerrilla warfare tactics? What wars were thy used?

Surprise attacks – used during Vietnam War

  1. What is the Policy of Containment?

Stop the spread of Communism

  1. What is cultural diversity?

Various cultures

  1. What is suffrage?

Right to vote

  1. Define the 26th Amendment? What war did it happen after?

Right to vote changed from 21 to 18 after Vietnam War

  1. What was the main goal of the Women’s Rights Movement?

Voting Rights, equal pay, equal job opportunities

  1. Define the 19th Amendment.

Women’s right to vote

  1. What happened to Southern agriculture after the Civil War? What system was created for poor farmers?

Got rid of all slaves – created system called share cropping

  1. Define Poll Taxes, Literacy tests, and grandfather clause?

Poll Taxes – had to pay to vote

Literacy Tests – had to read to vote

Grandfather Clause – Grandfather had to be able to vote

All loopholes to get around race so that African Americans were prevented from voting

  1. Why was the Panama Canal built? What was it important for America business?

Shortened the trip. Made trade cheaper

  1. What group in America did the government apologize to after WWII? Why?

Japanese Americans – we placed them in internment camps

  1. What were the Nuremberg trials? What did it say about actions during war?

Put Nazi’s on trial for crimes committed during war. Stated that you are responsible for your actions during war.

  1. What was purpose of the United Nations?

Peace Keeping organization to prevent wars

  1. Why was the Korean War and Vietnam War similar? 3 Reasons.

-fighting over the spread of Communism

-fighting between the north and south

-Both in Asia

-Both civil wars

  1. Why did people go to California during the 1840s?

Gold Rush

  1. Define Abolition.

Elimination of slavery

  1. What did the Dred Scott decision effect in the USA?

He was a slave that went to a free territory and tried to sue his owner. Slaves cannot sue.

Slave brought to a free state. Sued and said since he is in a free state, he should be free. Supreme court said he was still a slave and didn’t have the right.

  1. What were some of the advantages the South had during the Civil War?

-great general

-knew the land

-had the will to fight, fighting for their homes

  1. What is the free-enterprise system?

A government places very few restrictions on the types of business activities or ownerships that citizens want to engage in

Consumers determine the price – if they are not buying, price lowers

  1. What was the USA’s Open Door Policy in China?

-allowed everyone to trade with China

  1. What was Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points?

14 point program for world peace – one was the League of Nations

  1. What was President Harding’s Return to Normalcy after WWI?

Promised to return America to the way it was before the war

  1. Define what an opinion is?

Ones personal thoughts and feelings

  1. What was the Holocaust?

Killing of 6 million Jewish, gypsies, Poles by Hitler and the Nazis during WWII

  1. What was the purpose of the Policy of Containment?

Stopping the spread of Communism

  1. Define Suburbs. When did the movement to the suburbs start? Why?

Neighborhoods close to the cities with single family homes. 1950’s. Veterans coming home from the war wanted to start families and have space for their own farm

  1. Define Inflation.

Price of things goes up

  1. What economic system do we use in the USA? Define it.

Capitalism – government has little say

  1. What was the New Deal? What programs are still around today?

FDR – programs to get us out of the Great Depression

Social Security, FDIC, Welfare

  1. Define sectionalism. What period in American history did it effect?

Before the war there was the south, north, and west

  1. What event started the War with Mexico?

Annexation of Mexico to the United States

Mexican-American War – wanted to populate Texas with rules such as no alcohol, no gambling, must go to church

War started, Texans win – Texas joins America, Mexico goes to war, America wins and takes Texas and the southern half of the United States

  1. What was the Emancipation Proclamation? Besides freeing some slaves what did it do to the goals of the war for the North?

Freed slaves only in the Confederate states (Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland got to keep their slaves)

Civil War was fought to preserve the Union

  1. When was the Industrial Revolution in the USA? What was it?

Late 1800’s-early 1900’s – Made things in factories

  1. What area of the USA would have used barbed wire and sod houses?

Great Plains

  1. Look up Emma Lararus’s poem on immigration and read it.

America wants to accept people from other countries. Welcoming poem on the Statue of Liberty.

  1. Why did some people oppose the New Deal?

People thought the government was becoming too involved in people’s lives

Big government costs a lot of money which comes from taxes.

  1. What was FDR’s Lend-Lease Program before WWII?

US was lending war materials to our allies

  1. How did Women help during WWI and WWII?

Women worked in factories. Rosie the Riveter

  1. Why did President Truman drop the atomic bomb on Japan?

To make them surrender and end the war sooner

  1. What was MLK’s philosophy on protesting?

Peaceful protesting – sit-ins

  1. Define NATO.

North Atlantic Treaty Organization – during the Cold War

  1. What did USA do to Japanse-American’s during WWII?

Placed them in internment camps

  1. Define Blitzkrieg.

Military strategy that is fast movement of attack to overcome enemy – “Lightning War”

  1. What happened during the Berlin Airlift?

US flew in supplies to Berlin for a year before Communists gave in

  1. What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?

Soviets wanted to put nuclear missiles in Cuba. They backed down.

  1. Why was the Korean War fought?

To prevent the spread of Communism

  1. List some events from the Cold War?

NATO, Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis

  1. Besides Slavery what other issue divided the North and South before the Civil War?

South remained agricultural – North became industrial

States Rights – state believes they have the right to determine what’s best for the state, not federal government

  1. How did whites regain control of the South after reconstruction?

At the end of reconstruction, federal government pulls out of south and former slaver owners come back into power. Led to black codes, literacy tests, poll taxes, etc.

  1. Why did Irish immigrants face discrimination during the 1800s?

They were Roman Catholic (not white, anglosaxon, protestant)

  1. What are trusts and monopolies? What do they do to competition?

Eliminate competition from the business world

  1. What was Watergate? What happened to President Nixon?
  1. What was the Federal Meat Inspection Act?

Upton St. Claire exposed terrible conditions in meat packing factories

  1. At the beginning of the Civil War what did Lincoln maintain the war was being fought over?
  1. What was the “Domino Theory?”

When one country falls to Communism, more will also follow

  1. How did the USA acquire Alaska?

We bought Alaska for $7.2 million from Russia

  1. Define segregation.

Separation of races

  1. What was the Women’s Liberation Movement?

Equal pay, Title IX

  1. What was the War Powers Act of 1973?

After Vietnam War – President can send military for 90 days before getting permission from Congress

  1. What was Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society?

Wanted to improve housing, education, and equal opportunities for men/women

  1. Define McCarthyism.

Joseph McCarthy was a Senetor and said that he had a list of Communists working for the government. He did not have a list and he ended up being exposed as a liar. Now if someone is caught lying it is called McCarthyism

  1. List some forms of protests civil rights workers used.

Boycotts, sit-ins, marches, speeches

  1. What was the Red Scare?

Fear of Communism coming to the US and taking over

  1. What is a reservation?

Public land given to Native Americans to live on

  1. Why were the 1920s called the Roaring Twenties?

Social changes, new appliances, cars, movies, music – the start of modern America