Chapter 1 EARLIEST OKLAHOMANS s2

Chapter 10

THE WESTERN INDIANS

Lesson Plan for Oklahoma History Teacher______Date ______

Common Core

Content Standard 2: The student will evaluate the major political and economic events that transformed the land and its people prior to statehood.

2.4 Summarize the impact of the Civil War and Reconstruction Treaties on Native American peoples, territories, and tribal sovereignty including the

a) Required enrollment of the Freedmen,

b) Second Indian Removal and the role of the Buffalo Soldiers,

c) Significance of the Massacre at the Washita,

d) Reasons for the reservation system, and

e) Establishment of the western military posts of Fort Sill, Fort Supply, and Fort Reno.

2.5 Cite specific visual and textual evidence to assess the impact of the cattle and coal mining industries on the location of railroad lines, transportation routes, and the development of communities.

Content Standard 4: The student will examine the transformation of Oklahoma during times of boom and bust of the 1920s through the 1940s.

4.1 Compare and contrast the successes and failures of the United States policy of assimilation of the Native Americans in Oklahoma including the passage of the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 and the effects of the Indian boarding schools (1880s-1940s) upon Native Americans’ identity, culture, traditions, and tribal government and sovereignty.

ASSIGNMENTS:

Read The Western Indians, chapter 10 (pages 145-160).

Complete the following in Student Activity Book:

Vocabulary

Match important dates with events

Complete historical statements

Writing on government compensation

Thinking Activity - Writing that requires using the facts to draw a logical conclusion.

Map Study - Label the areas of Indian Territory 1866-1889.

Choose from Activities on next page, Section II. Copy and distribute, or project them for group work.

Read Feature: Men of Peace on the Southern Plains (pages 180-188). Complete the assigned worksheet. Option: Divide class and reading into sections, then work in pairs or groups on worksheet.

I. Discussion Questions

1. Discuss the attempts of the Nez Perce to avoid removal.

2. What did the United States Government do to compensate the tribes for the large parcels of land ceded to the government?

3. What was the “leased district” and how was it used?

4. How did the buffalo play a role in the hostilities between the Indians and the white men?

5. Who were the signing parties to the Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek and what was the treaty to accomplish?

6. Describe the Sand Creek Massacre. Give the names of the leaders in the event.

7. Why did the government move the Nez Perce back to the Northwest?

8. Tell about the Battle of the Washita; be sure to include the names of the leaders in the event.

II. Activities

1. Puzzle of the Iroquois and Peoria Confederacies

2. Create an Imaginary Indian Nation

III. Internet Research

http://digital.library.okstate.edu/Chronicles/v011/v011p1073.html

http://digital.library.okstate.edu/Kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen0325.htm

http://www.sandcreek.org/massacre.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Washita_River

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geronimo

IV. Suggested Reading

Great Western Indian Fights Lincoln, Nebraska University of Nebraska Press, 1960)

Patricia Willis, Danger Along the Ohio (New York: Clarion.1997)

Ible Ann Rinaldi, The Second Bend in the River (New York: Scholastic, 1997)

Russell Shorto, Tecumseh and the Dream of an American Indian Nation (Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Silver Burdett, 1989)

Name______Date______

Unscramble the tribal names of the Indian Confederacies above each column below:

IROQUOIS CONFEDERACY PEORIA CONFEDERACY

(1) YUCAGA (1) ISASKAKKA

(2) GANODANA (2) AWE

(3) AMKWHO (3) WAKIPANASH

(4) NACESE (4) ARATOMA

(5) ENADOI (5) AMIMI

(6) AKIOCHA

(7) VIELERRE

(8) GIMOWANEN

(9) OPIRAE

(10) HAMEGICIMA

Name______Date______

Create an imaginary Indian nation. Name the following things in your nation. An example is given on the right of a real Indian nation.

EXAMPLE

Tribal name Chippewa

Meaning of tribal name Puckered up

(Refers to their moccasins)

Ancestral home Michigan

Terrain Forests

Means of earning a living Fishing, trapping, trading,

farming

Housing Birchbark wigwam

Hairstyles Both men and women wore

hair long and loose

Language group Algonquian

System of government Chief and Council (both men

and women in council -

male chief)

Head of government Principal chief

Famous person from your tribe Henry Schoolworth

(intermarried citizen)

Famous for Ethnology

Family structure Patrilineal. After marriage, the

bride’s family moved in with

the groom and he supported

them.

Brief tribal history Once a very powerful nation,

they traded with the French

for guns and drove the Sioux

out of the Great Lakes region.

They allied with France in the

French-Indian War and the

English in the Revolutionary

War. In the winter they made

long migrations in birchbark

canoes. They started fires by

using a bow to spin a stick

placed in punk on a board.

Student Activity Book Chapter 10 THE WESTERN INDIANS

I. VOCABULARY. Write a short definition of each word below.

1. devastating ______9. misnomer ______

2. reservation ______10. disastrous ______

3. agitation ______11. shackle ______

4. tenure ______12. retaliate ______

5. latitude ______13. destitute ______

6. bombard ______14. exile ______

7. proposition ______15. covet ______

8. massacre ______16. marauding ______

II. IMPORTANT DATES AND EVENTS. Give the year when each of the following events occurred.

______1. Sandusky Senecas, Mixed Senecas, and Shawnees arrived in Indian Territory to find their assigned land belonging to someone else.

______2. The Quapaws were moved and settled on the wrong land.

______3. The Quapaws had to move again.

______4. The Nez Percé signed a treaty in which the government promised them perpetual tenure of

their lands.

______5. The Sac and Fox tribe was moved to Indian Territory.

______6. The Nez Percé were moved to Indian Territory. (Give year.)

______7. The Sand Creek Massacre occurred.

______8. The Medicine Lodge Creek Treaty was signed.

______9. The Battle of the Washita occurred.

______10. The government declared that it would no longer deal with Indian tribes through treaties.

III. COMPLETION. Fill in the blanks with answers that would best complete the statements.

1. The Sandusky Senecas were remnants of the original______.

2. The Stokes Commission was appointed by President ______.

3. ______, Chief of the Modocs, moved his tribe back to its homeland

without government permission.

4. Chief______led the Nez Percé in a futile attempt to escape to Canada.

5. ______made several trips to Washington to plead for the return of his people to their homeland.

6. The three things that government commissioners were to accomplish were

(1) ______

(2) ______

and (3) ______.

7. The leader of the troops at the Sand Creek Massacre was ______.

8. The leader of the troops at the Battle of the Washita was______.

9. The leader of the Southern Cheyennes at Sand Creek and the Washita was______.

10. The Wichitas, Caddoes, and Delawares, with four other tribes, were settled in the

IV. What did the United States Government do to compensate the tribes for the large parcels of land ceded

to the government?

______

V. THINKING ACTIVITY. In the space below, write a paragraph predicting what would have happened if

all the tribes that had been removed to Oklahoma had united into a single nation of Native Americans.

______

VI. Identify the areas of Indian Territory 1866-1889.