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Failure to complete this and the test on the test day will result in a ZERO!

Unit Two QUALIFIER PLACE ALL ANSWERS ON ANSWER SHEET!

Biochemistry and Organic Macromolecules

Word Bank: Use the word Bank to help answer question 1-10.

Buffer / Inorganic / Oxygen / Protein
Polar / Nucleic Acid / Lipid / Carbohydrate
Monosaccharide / Amino Acid / Indicator / Organic
Nucleotide / Substrate / Active Site / Solvent
  1. Compounds that do NOT contain carbon (with hydrogen) are called ____ compounds.
  2. A weak acid-base pair that regulates pH is called a(n) ______.
  3. The six essential elements are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and _____?
  4. The subunit of a carbohydrate is a(n) ______.
  5. The subunit of a nucleic acid is a(n) ______.
  6. Most enzymes are a type of the organic macromolecule called ______.
  7. The substance an enzyme bonds with is called the ______.
  8. A chemical or tool that indicates a substance is present is called a(n) ______.
  9. The ability of water to dissolve other substances makes water a great “universal” ______.
  10. Water is described as ______, meaning it has two ends (a positive end and a negative end).
  11. Water can move up small veins in plants. This described as ______?
  1. Surface tensionB. Activation EnergyC. Capillary action D. Photosynthesis
  1. The inorganic compound most important to life is…
  1. LipidsB. WaterC. Nucleic AcidsD. Hydrogen
  1. Which two organic molecules are the main sources of energy in an organism?
  1. Proteins and CarbohydratesC. Lipids and Carbohydrates
  2. Carbohydrates and WaterD. Nucleic Acids and Lipids
  1. All of the following are elements EXCEPT?
  1. CarbonB. SulfurC. HydrogenD. Water
  1. A fat which is solid at room temperature is most likely?
  1. SaturatedC. Unsaturated
  2. A proteinD. A Hormone
  1. All the chemical reactions occurring within the cells of an organism are known as…?
  1. SynthesisB. DigestionC. MetabolismD. Enzymes
  1. Which of the following elements would NOT be found in a carbohydrate NOR a lipid?
  1. CarbonB. HydrogenC. OxygenD. Phosphate
  1. Which of the following BEST describes the way carbohydrates are stored within a plant?
  1. Plants store extra sugars as nucleic acids C. Plants store extra sugars as proteins
  2. Plants store extra sugars as starch D. Plants store extra sugars as amino acids
  1. Which of the following would be the quickest source of energy for a cell?
  1. GlucoseB. StarchC. LipidD. Protein
  1. Which nucleic acid is a double chain?
  1. DNAB. HormoneC. RNAD. Lipid

21. Which organic molecule makes up your genes?

a. Lipidsb. Nucleic Acidsc. Waterd. Carbohydrates

22. What small units make up a protein chain?

a. Monosaccharidesb. Triglyceridesc. Amino Acids d. Nucleotides

23. What organic molecule would be made of glycerol and fatty acids?

a. Proteinb. Cellc. Carbohydrate d. Lipid

24. The function of hemoglobin is to:

a. Store waterb. Absorb Lightc. Act as a hormone d. Transport Oxygen

25. Which of the following would NOT denature an enzyme?

a. Change in salinity (salt concentration) b. Increasing temperature

c. Creating optimal conditions d. Decreasing pH

26. What characteristic of enzymes MOST determines its ability to do its job?

a. Enzymes have a specific shape which matches one substrate

b. Enzymes are not reusable, and are destroyed in the reaction

c. Enzymes are catalysts, which slow down reactions

d. Enzymes are produced in cells.

27. What do enzymes lower, allowing reactions to occur at body temperatures?

a. Body temperatureb. Activation Energyc. Blood sugar levelsd. pH levels

  1. The graph below shows the rates of reactions of two intestinal enzymes.Which of the following statements is true?
  1. Gastric Protease is effective in a wider pH range than Intestinal Protease
  2. At a pH of 6, Gastric Protease is less active than Intestinal Protease
  3. Both enzymes have maximal activity at around a pH of 5
  4. pH has little effect on either Gastric Protease or Intestinal Protease

29. Which of the following makes up a molecule of water?

a. One atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen b. One atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine

c. One atom of hydrogen and two atoms of oxygen d. Two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen

30. Dr. Garvey measured the pH inside a bacteria cell and found the pH was a level 4. She then injected enough acid into the cell to change the pH to a level 2. She re-measured the pH after several moments and found the bacteria cell remained at a pH of 4. What is the most likely explanation?

a. The bacteria cell contained enzymes which changed the pH

b. She made a mistake and injected the wrong acid

c. The bacteria cell contained sugars which increased the pH

d. The bacteria cell contained buffers which regulated the pH.

31. Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing the

A. products of the reaction B. speed of the reactionC. temperature of the reactionD. pH of the reaction

32. People who follow the Atkins diet choose foods that do not contain carbohydrates. What is the most likely effect of this diet?

  1. A decrease in enzymes. B decrease in energy. C. A decrease in hormones. D decrease in antibodies.

33. Which of the following is the strongest acid?

A. Tomatoes (pH 4.2) B. Acid rain (pH 5.1) C. Pure water (pH 7) D. Sodium Hydroxide (pH13)

34. A students decided to test the chemical found in his hair and nails. Which would he most likely see?

  1. Iodine would turn from brown to blue-black.B. Both would test positive for lipids.

C. Both would test positive for carbohydrates. D. Both would test positive for proteins

35. Beloware some stages of an enzyme-controlled reaction.

Which diagram is the enzyme-substrate complex?

  1. A. B. B.C. C.

36. Which of the following best describes the correct order of events in an enzyme-controlledreaction?

  1. Enzymes collide with the substrate. The enzyme and substrate fit together. The enzyme changes the substrate.
  2. The enzyme changes the active site. The enzyme collides with the substrate. The substrate changes the enzyme.
  3. Enzymes collide with the substrate. The enzyme and substrate remain separate. The substrate changes itself.
  4. The substrate and enzyme fit together. The substrate changes the enzyme. The enzyme is broken down.

37. Which illustration depicts the products of the enzyme?

  1. A and EB. B C. C, D, and G D. D and H

38. Which organic molecule is MOST necessary to build a cell membrane?

A. Amino acid B. Nucleotide C. Lipid D. Carbohydrate

39. Hunter is timing how long an enzyme-controlled reaction takes. He notices when he adds an

acid to the beaker, the reaction slows down. What explanation would explain these results?

  1. The enzyme sped up in the presence of the acid.
  2. The acid changed the shape of the active site.
  3. The acid increased the number of the substrates.
  4. The acid had no effect on the reaction.

40. Which of the following is NOT an organic macromolecule?

A. Amino acid B. Nucleic AcidC. LipidD. Carbohydrate