Cornell Notes E 1.2 and 1.3: Space ExplorationName:

Date:

What is the difference between these two telescopes?
This man did not invent the telescope but improved them to make important observations?
The Hubble Space telescope is…
The first satellite in space was…
and first people in space were….
What does NASA stand for?
NASA’s purpose is to….
Whatwas is the purpose of the ApolloProgram?
What did they do?
ISS – International Space Station:
Historically why was it so important?
What make a Space Shuttle so useful for space travel?
Name the four different Unmanned spacecrafts.
Why are unmannedspacecrafts so important for exploring space?
(pay attention to the underlined word.)
What are flybys?
In space exploration when are they best used?
What are orbiters?
In space exploration when are they best used?
What are landers?
In space exploration when are they best used?
What are probes?
In space exploration when are they best used? / Refracting - type of telescope with an objective lens or curved piece of glass at one end of a long tube
Reflecting - type of telescope that has a curved mirror that gathers light
1609 by Galileo Galilei
What named after: Edwin Hubble
Why does it produce better images than telescopes on Earth?
Since the hubble telescope revolves around the Earth, the earth’s atmosphere doesn’t interfere with its’ view of objects in space.
Soviets (Russians). The first satellite was launched in 1957 and was named Sputnik. The Soviet Union sent the first human into space in 1961.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NASA's purpose is to study space and prepare crews for exploration.
To reach the moon. On early Apollo missions, astronauts tested spacecraft and orbited around the moon. The first humans to walk on the moon were from the Apollo 11 mission. This program helped scientists learn about the moon's surface and interior.
A satellite under construction since 1998.
It is so important because a lot of nations are working on it together. The U.S.A, Russia and 15 other countries. (Not working on our own helps us explore space better.) It will be as big as 2 football fields when complete. The crew make observations of Earth and perform experiments that cannot be made on Earth.
It is a space craft that can be used again and again. The large cargo bay of the space shuttle can carry satellites, equipment and laboratories.
  1. Flybys
  2. Orbiters
  3. Landers
  4. Probes
Since the unmanned space craft doesn’t have living people on it we do not need to supply extras such as oxygen or food for living. Unmanned spacecrafts can be in space for much longer and relay the data back to Earth through radio messages. If the technology is destroyed, no one will be killed.
The first stage in space exploration when a spacecraft is sent out to pass by one or more planets or other bodies in space without orbiting them. Flybys are best used when you want to gather data and images from a particular planet for a brief period.
The second stage in space exploration. Used to study a planet over a long period of time. The spacecraft may orbit the planet for several months or several years. They take detailed images of the planet over time to map the surface, measure temperatures, changes in weather, etc.
3rd stage of space exploration - Landers are crafts designed to land on a planet's surface. They take images, gather soil & rock samples, and may send a rover out to explore the planet farther from the landing site.
Probes are spacecraft designed to work for a brief period of time before they are destroyed by the conditions on a planet. As the spacecraft is dropped into the planet's atmosphere it sends information back to Earth. Probes are good for exploring deep atmospheres of giant planets like Jupiter.

Brief Timeline of Space Exploration.

1609 Galileo adapted telescopes and makes

1924 An astronomer named Edwin Hubble confirms the existence of other galaxies

1957 First artificial satellite Sputnik was launched by the Soviet Union

1958 The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is established to oversee the exploration of space

1969 First man, Neil Armstrong walks on the moon

1977 The Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 are launched to Jupiter, Saturn and beyond, they are now 10 billion km away and still sending back pictures to earth

1981 The first space shuttle, Columbia, was launched by NASA

1992 Astronomers discover the first planet outside our solar system

2000 The first 3 man crew was sent to the International Space Station

Which of these events was the most important achievement or discovery in the history of Space Exploration? Answer this question in paragraph form on a separate sheet of paper.