French 332
Study Guide – Final Exam – 2016
Your final exam will take place on Friday, June 17. The starting time is 12:45 p.m., and the ending time is 2:15 p.m., meaning that you have 1 ½ hours to complete the exam. The exam location will most likely be Gyms A/B. If this changes, I will let you know.
The exam is worth 190 points, including the speaking and listening portions that will be done ahead of time. Here is how the exam breaks down into its component parts:
Listening – 25 points. This will be done on Monday, June 6 in class.
Speaking – 30 points. This will be done on Tuesday, June 7 and Wednesday, June 8 in class.
The remaining 135 points, which divide up as follows, will be covered on the June 17 exam:
Reading – 15 points
Vocabulary – 30 points
Grammar – 25 points
Culture – 10 points
Verbs – 25 points
Short answers – 10 points
Composition – 20 points
The reading, vocabulary, grammar and culture sections are multiple choice.
The verb section is fill-ins. You will need to conjugate a series of verbs.
For the short answers and composition, lined paper will be provided.
You are primarily responsible for Units 6 through 11 in our electronic textbook, C’est à toi! 2, as well as selected topics in Units 4 and 5. I am setting forth below, unit by unit, the specific topics that you are responsible for.
[Go to next page for start of review.]
Unit 4, pages 156-193
REFLEXIVE VERBS, pages 160-161, and 183-184.
As you know, these are verbs that describe actions done upon oneself, such as getting up, getting dressed, and going to bed.
Reflexive verbs have a se (or s’) in front of their infinitive form.
When we conjugate a reflexive verb, we must include the appropriate reflexive pronoun: je takes me (m’); tu takes te (t’); il/elle/on take se (s’); nous takes nous; vous takes vous; ils/elles take se (s’).
The reflexive pronoun goes in front of the verb, except for affirmative commands.
In the passé composé, reflexive verbs are conjugated with être (not avoir), and the past participle changes spelling if the subject is feminine or plural. Add e for feminine singular, s for masculine or mixed plural, and es for feminine plural.
When we put reflexive verbs in the negative, the ne always goes in front of the reflexive pronoun.
For commands, there is one word order for affirmative commands, and a different one for negative commands. In affirmative commands, te becomes toi.
EXAMPLES:
Infinitive: se lever, s’habiller
Present tense: Affirmative: Je me lève.
Negative: Nous ne nous habillons pas.
Passé Composé: Affirmative: Elle s’est levée.
Negative: Luc et Diane ne se sont pas habillés.
Command: Affirmative: Lève-toi!
Negative: Ne t’habille pas!
Unit 5, pages 196-235
VERBS:
Offrir, page 201.
Courir, page 203.
DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS, pages 204-205, 213-214, 227-228.
When the subject of a sentence is acting directly upon someone/something else, we use certain pronouns to represent who/what the someone/something is.
The pronouns are me (m’)/te (t’)/nous/vous, and le/la/l’/les.
The direct object pronoun goes in front of the verb, except for affirmative commands.
In the passé composé, verbs that take direct object pronouns are conjugated with avoir, but the past participle changes spelling if the direct object pronoun is feminine or plural. Add e for feminine singular, s for masculine or mixed plural, and es for feminine plural.
In negative sentences, using ne … pas, the ne always goes in front of the direct object pronoun.
For commands, there is one word order for affirmative commands, and a different one for negative commands. In affirmative commands, me becomes moi.
EXAMPLES:
Present tense: Affirmative: Elle vous regarde.
Negative: Je ne la connais pas. [La = Louise.]
Passé Composé: Affirmative: Ils m’ont écouté.
Negative: Tu ne l’as pas achetée? [L’ = la voiture.]
Command: Affirmative: Invite-moi!
Negative: Ne m’aidez pas!
Unit 6, pages 238-277
VOCABULARY:
À la poste, page 238.
Des accessoires, page 250.
À la banque, page 264.
VERBS:
Dire, page 242.
Ouvrir, page 245.
Écrire, page 255.
RELATIVE PRONOUNS QUI AND QUE, pages 246-245.
These pronouns join together two shorter sentences.
QUI = who, which, that.
QUE = whom, which, that.
Both of these pronouns can refer to a person or thing.
In the passé composé, if QUE refers back to someone/something that is feminine or plural, the past participle will add letters: feminine singular, e; masculine/mixed plural, s; feminine plural, es.
EXAMPLES:
Voici le garçon qui parle dix langues.
Elle a un collier qui coûte 5,000 euros.
Nous mangeons les croissants que nous avons achetés.
J’aime les étudiantes françaises que tu as invitées à la fête.
INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS, pages 257, 268.
When the subject of a sentence is acting indirectly upon someone/something else, we use certain pronouns to represent who/what the someone/something is.
Verbs that take indirect objects are always followed by a preposition, typically à. When one of the above pronouns is substituted for an indirect object, the à is dropped.
The pronouns are me (m’)/te (t’)/nous/vous, and lui/leur.
The direct object pronoun goes in front of the verb, except for affirmative commands.
In the passé composé, verbs that take indirect object pronouns are conjugated with avoir, and the past participle does not change spelling even if the indirect object pronoun is feminine or plural.
In negative sentences, using ne … pas, the ne always goes in front of the indirect object pronoun.
For commands, there is one word order for affirmative commands, and a different one for negative commands. In affirmative commands, me becomes moi.
EXAMPLES:
Present tense: Affirmative: Elle vous parle.
Negative: Je ne lui écris pas. [Lui = à Tony ou Céline.]
Passé Composé: Affirmative: Ils nous ont offert un cadeau.
Negative: Tu ne leur as pas donné ton adresse?
[Leur = à M. et Mme Smith.]
Command: Affirmative: Montrez-moi vos photos!
Negative: Ne lui parle pas! [Lui = à Daniel ou Isabelle.]
Unit 7, pages 280-319
VOCABULARY:
À l’aéroport, à la douane, page 280.
DOUBLE OBJECT PRONOUNS, page 284.
Some verbs can take a direct object pronoun and an indirect object pronoun in the same sentence. When this happens, the two pronouns have to be in a specific order. Here’s what goes in front of what:
Subject + me/te/nous/vous + le/la/les + lui/leur + verb
All of the rules mentioned earlier for direct and indirect object pronouns apply here.
EXAMPLES:
Je le lui donne. [Le = le chien lui = à Patricia]
Nous ne les leur offrons pas. [Les = les pommes leur = aux enfants]
Elle me l’a montré. [L’ = le tableau]
Ils nous les ont écrites. [Les = les lettres]
VERBS:
Savoir, page 307.
Connaître, page 309.
Unit 8, pages 322-357
STRESS PRONOUNS, pages 326-327.
These are pronouns that are used to provide emphasis.
The stress pronouns are moi/toi/lui/elle/nous/vous/eux/elles.
EXAMPLES:
Moi, je suis très fâché!
C’est lui.
Je viens avec eux.
Elle est plus intelligente que nous.
THE IMPARFAIT, page 333.
This is another way of expressing something in the past. But whereas the passé composé describes actions that have been completed, the imparfait is used for situations which do not take place within a defined time period, or which are descriptive, or which are repeated or habitual.
To form the imparfait, we take the nous form of a verb in the present tense, we drop the –ons, and we add the following endings: ais/ais/ait/ions/iez/aient.
The one exception is être. The imperfect stem is ét-.
EXAMPLES:
Nous parlions en français la plupart du temps.
Il était minuit et il faisait très chaud.
Quand j’étais enfant, j’allais à la plage avec ma famille tous les étés.
THE ADJECTIVE TOUT, page 336.
The adjective tout means all, every. Tout is the masculine singular form, toute is the feminine singular form, tous is the masculine plural form, and toutes is the feminine plural form.
EXAMPLES:
Je mange tout le dessert.
Toutes les voitures ici sont rouges.
VOCABULARY:
Le petit déjeuner, page 343.
VERBS:
Recevoir, page 347.
Boire, page 348.
Unit 9, pages 360-401
VOCABULARY:
Des professions et des métiers, pages 360-361.
VERBS:
Croire, page 369.
Vivre, page 387.
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS, page 366.
These are used to ask for information. There are four primary question types, each one with qui? or que? at the beginning:
Qui? questions ask about people.
Qui est-ce qui arrive demain? Ma tante arrive demain.
Qui est-ce que tu aimes dans ta classe? J’aime Amélie et Paul.
Que? questions ask about things?
Qu’est-ce qui vous amuse? La musique classique nous amuse.
Qu’est-ce qu’elle apporte à la fête? Elle apporte les boissons.
COMPARISON OF IMPARFAIT AND PASSÉ COMPOSÉ, page 375.
Here are some examples of the difference between the two tenses:
Imparfait: Nous faisions du vélo tous les samedis.
Passé Composé: Nous avons fait du vélo samedi passé.
Imparfait: Elle avait beaucoup d’accidents comme enfant.
Passé Composé: Elle a eu un accident.
Imparfait: Est-ce quela Tour Eiffel était magnifique?
Passé Composé: Est-ce que la Tour Eiffel a été construite en 1889?
THE PRONOUN Y, page 389.
Y means there, and can represent a place.
Nous y habitons. [Y = New York City.]
J’y suis allé pour le dîner. [Y = un restaurant.]
Unit 10, pages 404-441
VOCABULARY:
Les pays francophones, page 404.
Les noms des continents, page 414.
THE CONDITIONAL TENSE, pages 409-410.
This tense is used to say what people would do, or what events would happen, if certain conditions existed. It is also used to show politeness, and to make suggestions.
The conditional tense is formed by taking the infinitive of a verb and adding the following endings: ais/ais/ait/ions/iez/aient.
You will note that these are the same endings as those used for the imparfait.
Infinitives ending in -e drop the e before adding the conditional endings.
A number of irregular verbs also have irregular stems for the conditional tense. A list of these verbs, with their corresponding stems, is on page 409.
EXAMPLES:
Dans la vie idéale, Claudette ne travaillerait pas.
Je voudrais la soupe à l’oignon, s’il vous plaît.
À votre place, nous irions en Europe pendant les vacances d’été.
ADVERBS, page 411; COMPARATIVE OF ADVERBS, page 418.
Adverbs are used to describe verbs. Beaucoup, souvent, un peu and trop are some examples. Many adverbs are formed with the suffix -ment, such as heureusement, immédiatement and honnêtement.
The comparative is formed the same way as the comparative of adjectives, by using plus … que, aussi … que, and moins … que.
EXAMPLES:
Elle parle plus vite que lui.
Nous voyagions aussi souvent que nos amis.
Je vais en ville moins fréquemment que mes parents.
The adverb bien has the irregular comparative mieux.
Tu chantes mieux que ton frère.
THE PRONOUN EN, pages 430-431.
En means some of something, and can take the place of the particular something in a sentence. It can also replace a noun after a number.
J’en bois avec mon petit déjeuner. [En = du jus d’orange.]
Elle en a cinq. [En = euros.]
Unit 11, pages 444-481
VOCABULARY:
Des problèmes, page 444.
En voiture, page 452.
VERBS:
Conduire, page 457.
Suivre, page 458.
CONDITIONAL TENSE IN SENTENCES WITH SI, page 469.
We use this construction to say what we would do, or what event would happen, if a particular condition were to occur. The assumption is that the condition has not occurred. The si part of the sentence is followed by a verb in the imparfait. The other verb in the sentence takes the conditional.
EXAMPLES:
S’il faisait plus froid, je porterais un chapeau et des gants.
Si nous étions plus patients, nous attendrions Monique plus longtemps.
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