ELA 1-2 Essential Learnings

Essential / State Standard
  1. DRAW INFERENCES.
/ ...support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as INFERENCES drawn from the text. (9-10.RL.1)
  1. Determine main idea/theme. (Draw inferences about what the author says/means/intends.)
/ Determine a THEME or CENTRAL (MAIN) IDEAof a text and analyze in detail its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details; provide an objective SUMMARY of the text. (9-10.RL.2)
B. Use context clues to infer the meaning of unknown words. / 1. Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grades 9–10 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.
a. Use CONTEXT(e.g., the overall meaning of a sentence, paragraph, or text; a word’s position or function in a sentence) as a CLUE to the meaning of a word or phrase. (9-10.L.4)
C. Classify figurative language and infer the intended meaning. / 1. Demonstrate understanding of FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.
a. Interpret figures of speech (e.g., euphemism, oxymoron) in context and analyze their role in the text.
b. Analyze nuances in the meaning of words with similar denotations. (9-10.L.5)
4. Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in the text, including FIGURATIVE and connotative meanings(9-10.RL.4).
D. Infer tone. / Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in the text, includingfigurative and connotative meanings; analyze the cumulative impact of specific word choices on meaning and TONE (e.g., how the language evokes a sense of time and place; how it sets a formal or informal tone). (9-10.RL.4)
  1. CITE TEXTUAL EVIDENCE.
/ CITE strong and thorough Textual EVIDENCE to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as INFERENCES drawn from the text. (9-10.RL.1)
Draw EVIDENCE from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research (9-10.W.9).
  1. PRODUCE WRITING
/ Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience (9-10.W.4).
  1. Write an objective summary
/ ...provide an OBJECTIVE SUMMARY of the text. (9-10.RL.2)
B. Write informative/ explanatory texts / Write informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey ideas clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization and analysis of content (9-10.W.2).
C. Write an argument. / Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence (9-10.W.1).
1.A Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that establishes clear relationships among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.
1.C Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims.