Republic of Moldova (md)

2001

Moldova[1] (2001)

A considerable part of activities according to the Action Plan on Biological Diversity Conservation requires additional funds (30 % out of the total cost). Some activities have been undertaken thanks to the international financial support. Nevertheless, it is necessary to increase the additional donations for implementing the biodiversity conservation activities.

According to the methodology of statistics record, accepted in the Republic of Moldova, the following environment protection expenses are considered the general ones:

  • The current expenditures are on maintaining the natural objects and working capacity, restoring the existent objects, assessing the biodiversity status and supervising the management authorities. These expenses constitute 60 -70%.
  • The expenses on the total reparation of fixed production fund constitute 10%.
  • The major investments for the environment protection and sustainable use of natural resources represent 25% of the total cost.

The state authorities responsible for the natural resources management pass through a crisis. The state budget supports the activities on natural resources conservation to a very small extent.

The following laws and regulations have been prepared for ensuring the juridical framework:

- Law on Environment Pollution Payment (1998), which stipulates that all users of the natural resources shall pay for environment pollution. This payments will be deposited in the NEF and local ecological funds; the ecological funds are set up according to the Regulation on Ecological Funds (1998) for financing urgent measures on environment protection, natural environment restoration, damages compensation etc.

-The Direction on Drawing the Statistics Report “expenditures on nature protection“ (1999);

-Environmental Protection Law (1993), Article 65;

-Law on State Protected Natural Areas Fund, Article 90 stipulates that the fund of natural areas protected by state represents a legal entity, is state owned and maintains voluntary accounts.

- The Regulation on the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova foresees its publication using funds out of the state budget;

-Animal Kingdom Law (1995) foresees the animal kingdom survey being funded out of state budget.

The recovery of damages to landowners, whose lands cover the natural areas protected by state, is financed by state and local budget, ecological and additional funds.

The special financial mechanism lacks. It is meant to work for meeting the requirements of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Though, there are some economic mechanisms on environment protection (including biodiversity): Taxes for the natural resources use (flora, fauna, water, soil etc.); Payment for environment pollution and services (waste storage in areas that might have impact on biodiversity); Payment to compensate the damages to biodiversity (taxes are provided by the Animal Kingdom Law, Forest Code, Law on Administrative Trespass, Criminal Code etc.); Concessions to apply the environmentally friendly technologies etc.

The main funds for biodiversity conservation activities are as follows: the budget (27%); NEF (1%); SFS (59%) and foreign financial support (13%). The annual expenses constitute 27 million MDL (6,3 million USD) or 0,3% out of the GDO (except the foreign financial suport).

2009

Molodova[2] (2009)

The Republic of Moldova has benefited from financial support from GEF, Government of Netherlands, Denmark, Federative Republic of Germany, Japan in the process of implementation of CBD in a total amount of 2500 thousands USD.

NDCNSAP stipulate attraction of financial resources from donors in amount of 5799 thou. US dollars, including protection of forest ecosystems – 1734 thou. USD, protection of steppe ecosystems – 1197 thou. USD.

Sustainable financing of national system of protected areas.

At present the Republic of Moldova lack plan on sustainable financing of protected areas. According to current national legislation financing of objects from protected areas fund (scientific reservations, national parks, biosphere reservations) is performed from state budget, from extra-budgetary sources, from ecologic fund, from donations of legal and physical entities, including foreign and from other special sources. Other categories of protected areas are financed from local budgets, from national ecological fund, from sources of public landowners, from donations of legal and physical entities, including foreign and from other sources allowed by legislation. Annual scientific research programs of scientific reservations, national parks, biosphere reservations as well other categories of protected areas are financed from state orders and from special budgetary funds administrated by General scientific council of fund of natural state protected areas

It is necessary to mention that from state budget are allocated financial sources only for conducting scientific research. In general, protection, scientific reevaluation, inventory of protected areas as well as recovery in case of some situation were financial supported only from National ecological fund and from Global Environmental Facility.

[1]Moldova (2001). Second National Report on the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Ministry of Ecology, Construction and Territorial Development of the Republic of Moldova, 20 July 2001, 87 pp.

[2]Moldova (2009). The Fourth National Report on Biological Diversity, Chisinau, 2009, 61 pp.