University of California, Berkeley Spring 2007

Architecture and City and Regional Planning Professor Nezar AlSayyad

ARCH 219A / CP 231

HOUSING, URBANIZATION, AND URBANISM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

CCN#: ARCH219A: 03948; CP231: 13511

Time: Thursdays, 9:30 am-11:00 am

Room: 214B Wurster

Lectures: Tuesdays and Thursdays, 12:30 pm-2:00 pm in 112 Wurster

Units: 3

Course Description

This graduate seminar focuses on a variety of issues dealing with housing and housing policy in developing countries. It covers several topics including the impact of urbanization on housing, migration, globalization, the informal economy, the politics of squatting, land markets, self help housing, housing alternatives, gentrification and sustainability. While the seminar is international in scope and transnational in methodology, it is based on the use of country case studies in a comparative perspective. Specific case studies to be discussed include Egypt, Peru, Phillipines and Singapore but these will also be discussed in the context of and in comparison to developed countries like the United States, the United Kingdom and France.

Course Requirements and Grading

Students are expected to attend classes regularly and to participate in class discussion. Students are also required to attend the ARCH111/CP111 lectures on Tuesdays and Thursdays, 12:30-2 pm at 112 Wurster.

Attendence and Class Participation (10%)

Simulation – write up and supervision (10%)

Weekly Response Papers: cannot exceed 400 words - must be prepared in advance and with quotes (20%)

Research Paper (60% of the grade): Each student is expected to write a reseach paper related to one of the selected themes of the class (20 double-spaced pages).

The reader is available at Cal Copy, 1748 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley, Tel.: 549-7171.

University of California, Berkeley Spring 2007

Architecture and City and Regional Plannng Professor Nezar AlSayyad

Thursdays, 9:30 am – 11:00 am, 214B Wurster 3 units

ARCH 219A / CP 231

HOUSING, URBANIZATION, AND URBANISM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

1. January 16: General Discussion

Housing as a Field of Study

Housing as a Problem

2. January 23

Housing: Form, Culture and Tradition (Thursday, January 18)

1. Rapoport, Amos, “Alternative Theories of House Form” Chapter 2 in House Form and Culture, Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1969, pp. 19-45.

2. N. AlSayyad, "Traditional Dwellings and Settlements" in Encyclopedia of Science and Technology in the Non Western World, Helen Saline (ed.) , ElSiever, forthcoming, 2007, pp, 1-7

3. January 30

Housing, Urbanization and Development (Tuesday, January 23)

Migration and Urbanization (Thursday, January 25)

1. Roberts, Bryan, “Urbanization and Underdevelopment” in The Making of Citizens: Cities of Peasants Revisited, New York: Arnold, 1995, pp. 1-27.

2. Gore, Charles, Excerpts from “Some Anti-Theses: Polarization and the Development of Underdevelopment” in Regions in Question: Space, Development Theory and Regional Policy,

New York: Metheun, 1984, pp. 127-145.

3. Gilbert, Alan and Josef Gugler, “The Urban-Rural Interface and Migration” in Gilbert, A and J. Gugler, eds. Cities, Poverty, and Development, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1992, pp. 62-86.

4. Gilbert, Alan and Owen Crankshaw, “Comparing South African and Latin American Experience: Migration and Housing Mobility in Soweto” Urban Studies 36:13, 1999, pp. 2375-2400.

4. February 6

Housing as a Program: Historical Notes (Tuesday, January 30)

Colonial and Postcolonial Legacies: The Bungalow (Thursday, February 1)

1. Hall, Peter, “The City of Dreadful Night” in Cities of Tomorrow, Oxford: Blackwell, 1988, pp. 14-46.

2. Bristol, Kate, “The Pruitt-Igoe Myth” Journal of Architectural Education, 1991, pp. 163-171.

3. Exerpts from: King, Anthony, “India 1600-1800” in The Bungalow: The Production of a Global Culture, New York: Oxford University Press, 1995, pp. 14-38, 48-52, 59, 62-63

4. Dethier, J., “Evolution of the Concepts of Housing, Urbanism, and Country Planning in a Developing Country: Morocco 1900-1972” in Brown, L.C. ed. From Medina to Metropolis, Princeton: Darwin Press, 1973, pp. 197-243.

5. February 13

Squatting and Governments’ Response to Squatting (Tuesday, February 6)

Housing and the Informal Economy (Thursday, February 8)

1. Castells, Manuel, “Squatters and the State in Latin America” in Gugler, J. ed. The Urbanization of the Third World, New York: Oxford University Press, 1988, pp. 338-365.

2. Perlman, Janice, “Six Misconceptions about Squatter Settlements” Development 4, 1986, pp. 40-44.

3. Angel, Shlomo and Stan Benjamin, “Seventeen Reasons why the Squatter Problem Can’t be Solved” Ekistics 242, 1976, pp. 20-26.

4. De Soto, Hernando, “Informal Housing” in The Other Path, New York: Harper and Row, 1989, pp. 17-55.

5. De Soto, Hernando, “The Five Mysteries of Capital,” “The Mystery of Missing Information,” and “The Mystery of Capital,” in The Mystery of Capital: Why Capitalism Triumphs in the West and Fails Everywhere Else, New York: Basic Books, 2000, pp. 1-67.

6. February 20

Housing and Land Markets: The Colonias (Tuesday, February 13)

The Political Economy of Housing and the Squatting Triangle (Thursday, February 15)

1. Ward, Peter, “Informality of Housing Production at the Urban-Rural Interface: The ‘Not-So-Strange Case’ of the Texas Colonias,” in Roy, A and N. AlSayyad, eds. Urban Informality: Transational Perspectives from the Middle East, South Asia, and Latin America, Lanham: Lexington Press, 2004, pp. 243-70.

2. Roy, Ananya, “The Gentleman’s City: Urban Informality in the Calcutta of New Communism” in Roy, A and N. AlSayyad, eds., Urban Informality: Transational Perspectives from the Middle East, South Asia, and Latin America, Lanham: Lexington Press, 2004, pp. 147-170.

3. Castells, Manuel and Alejandro Portes, “World Underneath: The Origins, Dynamics and Effects of the Informal Economy,” in The Informal Economy, Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press, 1989, pp. 11-37.

4. AlSayyad, Nezar, “Urban Informality as a ‘New’ Way of Life” in Roy, A and N. AlSayyad, eds. Urban Informality: Transational Perspectives from the Middle East, South Asia, and Latin America, Lanham: Lexington Press, 2004, pp. 7-30.

7.  February 27

The Politics of Squatting / The Politics of State (Tuesday, February 20)

Urban Informality, Culture and Squatting (Thursday, February 22)

1. Berner, Erhard, “Poverty Alleviation and the Eviction of the Poorest: Towards Urban Land Reform in the Phillipines” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 24:3, 2000, pp. 554-566.

2. AlSayyad, Nezar, “Squatting and Culture: A Comparative Analysis of Informal Developments in Latin America and the Middle East” Habitat International 17:1, 1993, pp. 33-44.

3. Bayat, Asef, “The Housing Rebels: The Occupation of Homes and Hotels, 1979-1981” in Street Politics: Poor People’s Movements in Iran, New York: Columbia University Press, 1997, pp. 59-67.

8. March 6

Self Help Housing Strategies (Tuesday, February 27)

Critiquing Self Help Housing; Alternatives (Thursday, March 1)

1. Turner, John, “Who Decides?” and “Authority Over Housing” Chapters 1 and 5, Housing by People, New York: Pantheon Books, 1977, pp. 3-34, 94-107.

2. Ward, Peter and G.Chris Macoloo, “Articulation Theory and Self-Help Housing Practice in the 1990s” Urban Studies 16:1, 1992, pp. 60-80.

3. Harms, Hans, “Historical Perspectives on the Practice and Purpose of Self-Help Housing” in Ward, P, ed. Self Help Housing: A Critique, London: Mansell, 1982, pp. 17-53.

4. Burgess, Rod, “Self-Help Housing Advocacy: A Curious Form of Radicalism. A Critique of the Work of John F. C. Turner” in Ward, P, ed. Self Help Housing: A Critique, London: Mansell, 1982, pp. 55-97.

9. March 13

The Genesis of American Housing Policy (Tuesday, March 6)

Public Housing: American Experience in Context (Thursday, March 8)

1.  Radford, Gail, “The Politics of Housing in the 1920s” in Modern Housing for America: Policy Struggles in the New Deal Era. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996. pp. 29-57.

2. Jackson, Kenneth, “Federal Subsidy and the American Dream: How Washington Changed the American Housing Market” and “The Baby Boom and the Age of the Subdivision” in Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States, New York: Oxford University Press, 1985, pp. 190-218, 231-245.

3. Hanchett, Thomas W., “The Other ‘Subsidized Housing’: Federal Aid to Suburbanization, 1940s-1960s” in John F. Bauman, Roger Biles, and Kristin M. Szylvian (eds.), From Tenements to the Taylor Homes, University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000, pp. 163-179.

4. Marcuse, Peter, “Housing Policy and the Myth of the Benevolent State” in Bratt, R., C. Hartman and A. Meyerson, eds. Critical Perspectives on Housing, Philadelphia: Temple

University Press, 1986, pp. 248-257.

10.  March 20

Simulation Game Debriefing: co-ordination

SPRING BREAK

11.  April 3

General Discussion – no readings

12. April 10

Urban Renewal and Gentrification (Tuesday,April 3)

Homelessness (Thursday, April 5)

1. Beauregard, Robert, “The Chaos and Complexity of Gentrification” in Smith, N and P. Williams, eds. Gentrification of the City, Boston: Allen and Unwin, 1986, pp. 35-55.

2. Abaza, Mona, “Egyptianizing the American Dream” in Singerman, D and P Amar, eds. Cairo Cosmopolitan, The American University in Cairo Press, 2006, pp. 193-220.

3. Mitchell, Don, “To Go Again to Hyde Park: Public Space, Rights, and Social Justice,” in The Right to the City: Social Justice and the Fight for Public Space, New York: Guilford Press, 2003, pp. 13-41.

4. Corr, Anders, “Homes Not Jails: The Secret Success of a Squatting Movement to House the Homeless,” in No Tresspassing! Squatting, Rent Strikes, and Land Struggles Worldwide, Cambridge, MA: South End Press, 1999, pp. 17-37

13.  April 17

Housing and Ethnicity (Tuesday, April 10)

Public Housing: European Experiences (Thursday, April 12)

1. Mele, Christopher, “Neighborhood ‘Burn-Out’: Puerto Ricans at the End of the Queue” in Abu-Lughod, J, ed. From Urban Village to East Village, Oxford and Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1994, pp. 125-140.

2.  Appadurai, Arjun, “Spectral Housing and Urban Cleansing: Notes on Millennial Mumbai” Public Culture, 2000, 12:3. Pgs. 627-651.

3. Kleinman, Mark, “Housing, Welfare and the State” in Housing, Welfare and the State in Europe, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 1996, pp. 1-17.


14. April 24

Social Housing: France (Tuesday, April 17)

Housing in South East Asia: The Asian Miracle (Thursday, April 19)

1. Wacquant, Loic, “Urban Outcasts: Stigma and Division in the Black American Ghetto and the French Urban Periphery” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 17:3, 1993, pp. 366-383.

2. Merrifield, Andy, “Fredrick Engels: Backstreet Boy in Manchester,” in MetroMarxism, New York: Routledge, 2002, pp. 31-48.

3. Castells, Manuel et al, Excerpts from “The Public Housing Program and the Planning of Singapore,” “Public Housing as Political Strategy,” and “The Crisis of the Public Housing System” in The Shek Kip Mei Syndrome: Economic Development and Public Housing in Hong Kong and Singapore, New York: Pion, 1990, pp. 209-211, 226-247, 290-295, 303-328.

4. Goh, Robbie, “Ideologies of ‘Upgrading’ in Singapore Public Housing: Postmodern Style, Globalization, and Class Construction in the Built Environment” Urban Studies 38:9, 2001, pp. 1589-1604.

15. May 1

Designing Community: The Utopia of New Urbanism (Tuesday, April 24)

Housing and Sustainability (Thursday, April 26)

1. Frantz, Douglas and Catherine Collins, “Prologue,” “The Cult of the Mouse,” “Back to the Future” and “Citizen Disney” in Celebration, U.S.A: Living in Disney’s Brave New Town, New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1999, pp. 5-81.

2. Till, K., “Neotraditional Towns and Urban Villages: The Cultural Production of a Geography of Otherness” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 11:6, 1993, pp. 709-732.

3.  Islam, Nazrul, “Sustainability Issues in Urban Housing in a Low-Income Country: Bangladesh” Habitat International 20:3, 1996, pp. 377-388.

4. Brennan-Galvin, Ellen, “In Search of Sustainable Cities” in Tulchin, Joseph, S., D Varat and B. A Rubue, eds, Democratic Governance and Urban Sustainability,Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Comparative Urban Studies Project, 2001, pp 43-64


16. May 8

Housing, Globalization, Tourism and the New Virtual World (Tuesday,May 1)

1.  AlSayyad, Nezar, “Global Norms and Urban Forms in the Age of Tourism: Manufacturing Heritage, Consuming Tradition” in AlSayyad, N., ed. Consuming Tradition, Manufacturing Heritage, London: Routledge, 2001, pp. 1-33.

2.  Olds, Kris. “Globalization and Urban Change: Tales from Vancouver via Hong Kong” Urban Geography, 1998, 19:4. Pgs. 360-385.

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