Genetics Exam Review Questions

Name ______Biology

***Honors Biology Students- make sure that you thoroughly understand Dihybrid Crosses***

  1. In pea plants, tall (T) is dominant to dwarf (t). Show the cross between a heterozygous tall and a dwarf plant. What are the expected phenotypes and in what proportion?
  1. Show the cross between two heterozygous tall plants. What are the expected phenotypes and in what proportion?
  1. In fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, red eyes are dominant to white. Using “R” for the allele, show the cross of a white eyed female and a red eyed male. What are the expected phenotypes and in what proportion?
  1. Using the letter “A”, show the genotype for heterozygous. ______
  1. Using the letter “A”, show the genotype for homozygous dominant. ______
  1. If two heterozygous red berries are crossed, what is the genotypic ratio of their offspring?
  1. If there is a mixture of 5 green marbles and 4 yellow marbles, what is the probability of selecting a yellow marble?
  1. What is the probability of a coin always landing on tails if it is flipped 3 times? 7 times?
  1. If a female fruit fly heterozygous for red eyes (XRXr) crossed with a white-eyed male (XrY), what percent of their offspring would have white eyes?
  1. If a female is heterozygous for A blood type and her child has O blood type, what is the likely genotype of the father?
  1. Compare and contrast DNA and RNA.
  1. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis. What significant event happens during Prophase I? What are the pros and cons for asexual reproduction?
  1. What is significant about chromosome pair 23 in humans?
  1. Using the pedigree below, describe individuals II 3 and III 2 and their relationship.

  1. Using the DNA strand below, identity the amino acids using the codon chart/wheel.

TAC GGC TAA ACT

  1. What genotypes must parents have in order to produce four different phenotypic blood types? Provide a detailed explanation.
  1. A man who has hemophilia (a blood disorder) mates with a woman who is a carrier of the disorder. Describe in detail the offspring possibility. What will be the outcome if the son from this cross mated with a woman who is a carrier? Provide a detailed explanation.
  1. There are four chromosomal mutations. What are they? Explain each one using examples.
  1. Must Know Vocab Terms: diploid, haploid, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, recessive, genotype, phenotype, allele, genetics
  1. Reminder: Make sure that you can identify and describe the steps of meiosis in order. Also, remember to review your bell assignments from September 7th until October 25th. All notes taken (received) during the genetics unit will be helpful. See me if you need assistance with identifying the notes/practice work that will be helpful for the test.

***Suggestion: Do not wait until the day before the exam to begin studying. Complete this sheet in its entirety in order to increase your chances of success on the exam. If you have any questions, do not wait until the day of the test to ask. ***