Name: ______

Period: ____

Date of Exam: ______

Literature Terminology

Fill in the blanks. You will find some of these starting on page 657 of your literature book. Use your literary sheets found in your binder for help, too!

1. plot – This includes the EVENTS in a story. It includes the situation, conflict, and resolution.

2. theme – It is the main IDEA of a piece of literature.

3. irony – It is the OPPOSITE of what’s expected.

4. conflict – It is the PROBLEM OR STRUGGLEelements in a plot. It can be internal or external. It can be man vs. man, man vs. nature, man vs. supernatural, and/or man vs. himself.

5. Point of View – This is the ANGLE from which a story is written.

*First Person – One PERSON/CHARACTER reveals thoughts using I, me, my, etc.

*Third-Person– An OUTSIDE NARRATOR/PERSON reports only what he/she sees/hears.

6. tone – It is the author’s ATTITUDE toward the subject or audience.

7. mood – This is the total EMOTIONAL QUALITY in a literary work. (How you feel after reading)

8. paraphrase - REWORDING in one’s own words.

9. imagery – This is when MENTAL pictures are provided.

10. figurative language – This is language that goes beyond the LITERAL MEANING.

11. stanza – This is a PARAGRAPH in a poem.

12. rhyme – This is REPEATED syllable sounds. It can be internal or end.

13. rhyme scheme – It is a PATTERN of sounds.

14. repetition – REPEATED WORDS for effect.

15. hyperbole – This is an extreme EXAGGERATION like “I’m so hungry, I can eat a horse.”

16. simile – This is a COMPARISON using like or as. Ex. My students are like trees in a forest, strong and proud.

17. metaphor – This is a COMPARISON without using like or as. Ex My students are trees in a forest, strong and proud.

18. oxymoron – These are OPPOSITE words used for effect. Ex. Jumbo shrimp or thunderous silence

Recognizing Figurative Language

Underline the word in parentheses that best identifies the type of figurative language used in each of the following sentences.

1. Daniel soon discovered that the road of life was filled with potholes. (metaphor, personification, hyperbole)

2. A full moon was smiling into the window of our camper. (simile, hyperbole, personification)

3. As idle as a painted ship/ Upon a painted ocean—Samuel Taylor Coleridge (simile, personification, hyperbole)

4. April is the cruelest month.—T.S. Eliot (personification, metaphor, simile)

5. The flood victims cheered when they saw a van with a red cross on the side. (hyperbole, personification, symbol)

6. The fallen leaves are like soggy cornflakes, too wet for raking. (hyperbole, simile, personification)

7. Kevin knew that a mountain of homework was waiting for him. (personification, metaphor, simile)

8. I’m so happy I could burst. (symbol, personification, hyperbole)

9. From our airplane window the fields of grain were a quilt of gold and green. (personification. metaphor, hyperbole)

10. The warm breath of spring began to melt the frost of winter. (hyperbole, simile, personification)

11. You’ve said that a million times. (personification, hyperbole, symbol)

12. His life was an open book. (simile, personification, metaphor)

13. The soldiers waved a white flag to call a truce. (symbol, personification, hyperbole)

14. I’ll die if I can’t go to that college. (symbol, personification, hyperbole)

15. The flames licked the logs gently and then devoured them. (symbol, personification, hyperbole).

Literary Devices

Match the following examples to the literary devices.

Hyperbole Simile Metaphor Alliteration

Onomatopoeia Allusion Main Character Personification

Dialogue Inference Setting

Repetition Foreshadowing Stage Directions

  1. SIMILE The school was as quiet as a funeral home.
  2. INFERENCE Even though she had a tear in her eye, she continued to sing the national anthem.
  3. DIALOGUE “I know you told her. I wanted it to be a secret!” Evan screamed.

“I thought she knew,” replied his father.

  1. ONOMATOPOEIA “Clang! Clang!” rang the bell on the fire engine.
  2. HYPERBOLE We must have read a thousand stories in English class that year.
  3. MAIN CHARACTER Anne Frank in “The Diary of Anne Frank”
  4. PERSONIFICATION The fingers of the tree reached out and grabbed my coat as I walked home that dark night.
  5. ALLUSION With his purple suit and wide goofy grin, our wacky Science teacher reminded us of Barney.
  6. SETTING The stars rose vividly above the haunted city. No one noticed. In 1930, the despair in the streets blinds those who might have once relaxed under a starlight night.
  7. FORESHADOWING Alice knew those eyes from somewhere… those dark, knowing eyes. Would

he remember? She ducked her head and ran around the corner.

  1. STAGE DIRECTIONS ANNE (calling to him). No, no, Mr. Dussel! MARGRET (gazing at her briefly). Fine.
  2. REPETITION From, “The Base Stealer” by Robert Francis 1.9-10 “He’s Only Flirting, Crowd Him. Crowd him. Delicate, delicate, delicate, delicate--now!”
  3. METAPHOR His pen was a sword, cutting the politicians to ribbons
  4. ALLITERATION Cheerfully, she cherished the chocolate cherries he sent her.

Mechanics

Please review these notes. Then, complete the practice section.

Capitalize:

  • names of people(Linda Russo)
  • historical events (World War II)
  • specific places (Lancaster Middle School)
  • school subjects (languages and specific courses – English, Family Living, Spanish, but not mathematics, science)
  • sections of the country (West coast but not east of Lancaster)
  • days and months but not seasons (Sunday, December, winter)
  • words used as names (Aunt Alice, Mom but not my mom, her uncle)

Commas:

  • to set off interruptions (You can, for example, already purchase a laptop computer.)
  • to separate an interjection, signal word or transition word from the rest of the sentence (Yes, your dentist appointment is this afternoon.)
  • in direct address (Jill, listen to this. Your project, Marlene, is excellent. Tell me about it, Jason.)
  • to separate clauses and phrases (In the libraries of the future, we will no longer store books on shelves.)
  • to set off appositives (Acid rain, a form of pollution, affects most of North America.)

Apostrophes:

  • singular possessive - ’s
  • world’s populationMrs. Sandor’s car
  • singular possessive of a one-syllable word ending with an s or z sound - ’s
  • boss’s requestjazz’s beat
  • singular possessive of a two-or-more-syllable word ending with an s or z sound –add ’s or just ’
  • Texas’s resources or Texas’ resources
  • plural possessives - s’
  • plural possessive of a noun ending in s - ’
  • the Joneses’ great-grandfatherthe boys’ bathroom
  • plural possessive of a noun not ending in s - ’s
  • children’s booksmice’s cheese
  • shared possession
  • When possession is shared by more than one noun, add ’s to the last noun in the series.
  • Mom and Dad’s anniversary
  • plurals of letters, numbers, signs
  • A’s, 1900’s, 8’s, +’s

Quotation Marks:

Study these examples for correct punctuation of quotations.

  • “The cold weather is annoying!” exclaimed Mark.
  • Anne inquired, “Is your birthday on Saturday?”
  • “The Eagle is a great roller coaster,” added Cara.
  • “The homework,” remarked Sonya, “is easy but time-consuming.”
  • “I love math,” enthused Nikki. “However, I enjoy French, too.”

Mechanics Practice: Fix the sentences below. Circle the error and write it correctly above.

  1. Mrs. Wendel and Mrs. Manley teach on the second floor.
  1. Soon we will be students at Lancaster High School.
  1. Alexa thinks Sunday is the best day of the week, but Matthew thinks it’s Saturday.
  1. Twinkies, Gatorade, and Sun Chips are not a healthy lunch.
  1. I can, for example, stay after school for help or take my chances on a really tough test.
  1. In the past, students brought apples to their teachers to show their appreciation and love.
  1. No, you cannot leave without a passbook.
  1. Mrs. Skowron’s snowboarding skills greatly improved throughout Ski Club this year.
  1. Some say that Miss Klocek’s smile brightens the room on a gloomy day.
  1. Keeping the hallways clean is everyone’s job. Help do your part!
  1. Styles and trends from the 1980’s are making a comeback.
  1. Everyone should read the Hunger Games. It is a fabulous book.
  1. “The Diary of Anne Frank” is based on true accounts written in Anne’s diary during the World War II.
  1. Edgar Allen Poe’s tale, “Tell Tale Heart”, is creepy and suspenseful.
  1. Miss Klocek loves to watch The Chronicles of Narnia because she is a fantasy movie fan.
  1. “Pull up your pants!” yelled the teacher down the hall.
  1. “ELA is my favorite subject,” said the prize student. “I love to read and write.”
  1. After the runners crossed the finish line, they heard their fans cried, “Hurray! You completed the 5K Race.”
  1. Sam asked, “Is the test tomorrow going to be hard?”
  1. “If you study you will do well.” Mrs. Wendel smiled.

Studying Tips

1st- Complete this packet.

2nd- Go back through this packet and make flashcards for The Diary of Anne Frank words AND the literary elements.

3rd- Practice those flashcards once a day.

4th- Look back at the usage section and identify the ones you have trouble with. Then, practice writing silly sentences to your friend, parent/guardian, or teacher. Have them check the sentences using your packet.

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