Exploring Human Sexuality: Past and Present

Chapter 1

Exploring Human Sexuality: Past and Present

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1.According to the text, most of sexuality is:

a. / Biological / c. / Learned
b. / Psychological / d. / Cultural

ANS:CPTS:1DIF:AppliedREF:Chapter Introduction

2.What best describes most teen shows in the U.S.?

a. / Teen shows are more likely than adult shows to show the risks associated with sexuality.
b. / Teen shows are more likely than adult shows to have characters with diverse sexual identities.
c. / Most teen shows contain minimal sexual content.
d. / Most teen shows have high sexual content and minimal information on the risks associated with sexual activity.

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:ConceptualREF:Sexuality Today

3.Among the following, which discipline is not involved in the study of human sexuality?

a. / Anthropology / c. / Political science
b. / Sexology / d. / All of these are involved.

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:ConceptualREF:Sexuality Today

4.What best describes the role of sexologists?

a. / Prohibit unhealthy sexual behavior
b. / Promote liberal views about sexuality
c. / Ensure women and men have equal sexual rights
d. / Study sexual behavior scientifically

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:AppliedREF:Sexuality Today

5.What is a quadruped?

a. / A person with four or more sex partners
b. / Any animal that walks on four legs
c. / Someone who practices bestiality
d. / A type of monkey that has face-to-face intercourse

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:Factual

REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

6.When humans began to walk upright, how did sexuality change?

a. / The sense of smell became more important.
b. / The sight of the genitals became less important.
c. / The sensual aspect of intercourse became more important.
d. / Breast contact became less important.

ANS:CPTS:1DIF:Applied

REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

7.What was a main contribution of Hebrew thought on sexual attitudes in the Western world?

a. / The emphasis on sexual relations with family members
b. / The prevalence of homosexual relationships as part of human nature
c. / The prevalence of sex manuals with explicit pictures and instruction
d. / The emphasis on sexual relations and love within a marital union

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

8.What was a main contribution of the Greek culture in Western history?

a. / The first civilization to have accounts of erotic writings, art, and carvings
b. / The first civilization to allow women more freedom of sexual expression
c. / One of the few major civilizations to approve of sexual relations with family members
d. / One of the few major civilizations to successfully institute homosexuality

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:ConceptualREF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

9.What is our best guess about the function of pederasty in ancient Greece?

a. / It allowed women to have more power in the culture.
b. / It allowed men to display their social and political power.
c. / It made living conditions more pleasant for children.
d. / It made living conditions more pleasant for slaves.

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

10.What best describes the term platonic?

a. / The ancient Greek ideal of same-sex love
b. / A loving friendship devoid of sexual contact or desire
c. / A loving friendship that includes sexual contact with each other
d. / The ancient Hebrew reference to how marital love develops over time

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

11.What best describes marriage and sexual relations in ancient Rome?

a. / They involved couples coming together through passionate love.
b. / They were seen as a means to improve one’s economic and social standing.
c. / They emphasized male dominance and a lack of respect for women.
d. / They had many restrictions handed down from the rulers and leaders.

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

12.Which ancient civilization emphasized the natural blending of masculine and feminine principles as part of the procreative process?

a. / Indian / c. / Greek
b. / Roman / d. / Chinese

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:Factual

REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

13.Based on India’s primary religious system of Hinduism and the concept of karma, what best describes the state of being a woman?

a. / The supreme reincarnation.
b. / An opportunity to better oneself for a future life.
c. / Punishment for sins committed in previous lives.
d. / Punishment for being a male in previous lives.

ANS:CPTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

14.Which of the following is true regarding the Kama Sutra?

a. / It gives instructions on many sexual positions.
b. / It categorizes people based on the size of their genitals.
c. / It gives guidance on how to make a good home and family.
d. / All of these

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

15.What describes the ritual act of sati among Indian women?

a. / Part of the process among families for arranging marriages
b. / Part of the ceremony young prepubescent girls participate in to protect their virginity
c. / The tradition of widows throwing themselves on their husband’s burning funeral pyre
d. / The tradition of a woman taking over the family business after the death of the husband

ANS:CPTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

16.What best describes how semen was viewed in early Chinese civilization?

a. / evil and cursed / c. / unlimited
b. / sacred and precious / d. / passive or inferior to yin

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

17.In early Chinese culture, what was TRUE related to the practice of polygamy?

a. / It was looked down upon. / c. / It was illegal.
b. / It was a common practice. / d. / It was only practiced by those in nobility.

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

18.According to the Christian Bible, what best describes Jesus’ view on sexuality?

a. / He taught that men should be held to the same standards of adultery, divorce and remarriage as women.
b. / He advised that women who were caught in adultery should be stoned.
c. / He generally condemned sexuality.
d. / He established the Christian view of sexuality that dominated Western thought for the next 2000 years.

ANS:APTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

19.According to your textbook, why did Paul condemn sexuality?

a. / He believed men and women should be held to the same standards.
b. / He did not want love of humans to compete with love of God.
c. / He believed that women were Godlike, therefore should not be touched.
d. / He believed that giving into sexual temptation made people more like animals.

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

20.Early Christianity led to all of the following EXCEPT:

a. / An association between the pleasure of sex and guilt
b. / Prohibition against the use of contraception
c. / An appreciation for the eroticism of women
d. / Condemnation for masturbation

ANS:CPTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

21.Ashley feels very conflicted about her sexuality. She enjoys sex with her partner, Matthew, but at the same time feels very guilty about having sex before marriage. What is Ashley experiencing?

a. / Cognitive dissonance / c. / The Electra complex
b. / Sexual identity confusion / d. / Moral development

ANS:APTS:1DIF:Applied

REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

22.By the late Middle Ages, women were:

a. / Elevated to a place of purity and considered almost perfect.
b. / Considered to be more like Eve than Mary.
c. / Thought to be temptresses.
d. / Sent to convents to be cured of their natural tendencies to seduce men.

ANS:APTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

23.During the Middle Ages, who would a man enlist before marriage to help teach him the secrets of love and the ways of restoring potency?

a. / A Penitent / c. / A Physician
b. / A Eunuch / d. / An Entremetteuse

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:Factual

REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

24.According to Thomas Aquinas, using sex in unnatural ways was immoral. What did he consider the worst of all sexual sins?

a. / Homosexuality
b. / Masturbation
c. / Adultery
d. / All sexual sins were considered equally wrong.

ANS:APTS:1DIF:Factual

REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

25.Which of the following best describes harems within traditional Islamic communities?

a. / Places with orgies between groups of men and women
b. / Places where women learned to become self sufficient
c. / Places restricted to lower class women
d. / Places for males to obtain the services of prostitutes

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

26.What was the name for a man who had his testicles and/or penis removed to prevent him from engaging in sexual activity?

a. / Entremetteuse / c. / Sultan
b. / Gnostic / d. / Eunuch

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:Factual

REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

27.What term below refers to a lifestyle that rejects sensual pleasures such as drinking alcohol, eating rich food, or engaging in sex?

a. / Puritanical / c. / Asceticism
b. / Chastity / d. / Celibacy

ANS:CPTS:1DIF:Factual

REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

28.How did Protestant views in the early 16th century differ from previous Christian views?

a. / Sex in marriage was considered a means to reduce stress, avoid cheating and increase intimacy.
b. / Sex was seen as a natural expression among men and women and same-sex partners.
c. / Males and females were valued equally thus allowing women to serve important roles in the church.
d. / All of these

ANS:APTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

29.According to Martin Luther, how did Protestantism differ from the teachings of the Catholic Church?

a. / Protestantism allowed divorce.
b. / Protestantism permitted women to become clergy members.
c. / Protestantism viewed adultery as the highest sin.
d. / Protestantism taught that the only purpose of sex was for reproduction.

ANS:APTS:1DIF:Applied

REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

30.What best describes the view of women during the Victorian Era?

a. / Virtuous, refined, delicate, and fragile / c. / Likely to lead men into immorality
b. / Sexually free / d. / The property of their husbands

ANS:APTS:1DIF:Conceptual

REF:The Enlightenment and the Victorian Era

31.What was the 19th century cure for hysteria?

a. / Restraint from sexual relations / c. / Surgery
b. / The vibrator / d. / Graham crackers

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:Factual

REF:The Enlightenment and the Victorian Era

32.According to your text, which woman’s work had the most profound influence on women’s sexuality for the first half of the 20th century?

a. / Virginia Johnson / c. / Queen Victoria
b. / Gloria Steinem / d. / Margaret Sanger

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:FactualREF:Sex in American History

33.In early Puritan communities, all of the following were true EXCEPT:

a. / Men were obligated to have intercourse with their wives.
b. / Mild sexual transgressions, such as intercourse during menstruation, were tolerated.
c. / The death penalty was given for sodomy, bestiality, adultery and rape.
d. / Premarital sexual relations were permitted.

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:AppliedREF:Sex in American History

34.In early Puritan culture young couples were allowed to share a bed as long as they were clothed and wrapped in sheets. What was this practice called?

a. / Bundling / c. / Swaddling
b. / Boarding / d. / Courting

ANS:APTS:1DIF:FactualREF:Sex in American History

35.How did the liberalization of sexual conduct after the Revolutionary War affect sexuality in the United States?

a. / Extramarital affairs were almost unheard of.
b. / Contraception such as condoms was readily available.
c. / It became impossible to find information on abortion.
d. / The power of the church in controlling sexuality tightened.

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:AppliedREF:Sex in American History

36.The purpose of anti-miscegenation laws was to make ______illegal.

a. / Contraception / c. / Abortion
b. / Interracial sex / d. / Pre-marital sex

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:FactualREF:Sex in American History

37.What is TRUE about the relationship between white settlers and minority groups in the U.S.?

a. / White settlers admired the Mexican people’s ability to show affection in public.
b. / There was a higher rate of prostitution and venereal diseases among slaves than whites.
c. / Native Americans were criticized for their attitudes toward premarital sex and practice of polygamy.
d. / Whites and minorities were seen as having similar sexual needs, desires, and values.

ANS:CPTS:1DIF:AppliedREF:Sex in American History

38.According to the free love movement began in the 1820s, what should the prerequisite to sexual relations be?

a. / Love / c. / Friendship
b. / Marriage / d. / Knowledge

ANS:APTS:1DIF:FactualREF:Sex in American History

39.How did the arrival of the medical model of sexuality at the end of the 19th century impact views of sexuality in the United States?

a. / Physicians advocated for self-restraint and abstention from masturbation.
b. / Physicians encouraged divorce for unhappy marriages.
c. / Physicians urged men and women to masturbate to relieve sexual tensions.
d. / Physicians viewed sexual passion as normal and healthy, especially for women.

ANS:APTS:1DIF:ConceptualREF:Sex in American History

40.How was homosexuality viewed according to the 19th century medical model of sexuality?

a. / A sin / c. / An illness
b. / A normal part of sexual expression / d. / A myth

ANS:CPTS:1DIF:FactualREF:Sex in American History

41.The Comstock Act of 1873:

a. / Allowed people access to contraception if they were married.
b. / Outlawed the mailing of articles on contraception.
c. / Outlawed prostitution.
d. / Made homosexual relations among consenting adults legal.

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:FactualREF:Sex in American History

42.What was one result of the Social Hygiene Movement?

a. / Prostitution was temporarily legalized.
b. / Sexuality education in schools was abolished.
c. / Laws were passed mandating blood tests before marriage.
d. / Masturbation was seen as the best way to prevent sexually transmitted infections.

ANS:CPTS:1DIF:ConceptualREF:Sex in American History

43.During the time of the Sexual Revolution, changes took place related to sexuality in what area(s)?

a. / Advertising / c. / Gender roles
b. / Fashion / d. / All of these

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:ConceptualREF:Sex in American History

44.Which of the following is most attributed to the liberation of female sexuality?

a. / The development of antibiotics for STIs.
b. / The development of nonfiction sex manuals.
c. / The development of the contraceptive pill.
d. / The invention of the television.

ANS:CPTS:1DIF:ConceptualREF:Sex in American History

45.What is one way that Margaret Sanger influenced sexuality history?

a. / She wrote The Feminine Mystique.
b. / She was considered the first female sexologist.
c. / She spoke across the U.S. in favor of the Comstock Laws.
d. / She was an advocate for birth control.

ANS:DPTS:1DIF:AppliedREF:Sex in American History

46.How did the Planned Parenthood organization first begin?

a. / As a place women went to for abortions in the 1920s
b. / As a health clinic for prostitutes and drug addicts during the 1960s
c. / As a birth control clinic in New York
d. / As a clinic where married couples went for advice and counseling related to sexual problems

ANS:CPTS:1DIF:FactualREF:Sex in American History

47.How did the feminist movement contribute to the development of women’s sexuality?

a. / It advocated for sexual satisfaction among women.
b. / It helped to outlaw abortion with Roe vs. Wade in the 1970s.
c. / It emphasized that all women should be wives and mothers.
d. / It encouraged women to value their virginity.

ANS:APTS:1DIF:ConceptualREF:Sex in American History

48.After World War II, how were homosexuals treated?

a. / Homosexuals were seen as a valuable asset to society.
b. / Homosexuals were put in jail and mental hospitals.
c. / Homosexuals were awarded honors for their service during the war.
d. / Homosexuals were ignored.

ANS:BPTS:1DIF:ConceptualREF:Sex in American History

49.What is important about the Stonewall Riot of 1969?

a. / Politicians paraded through the streets of San Francisco in support of gay rights.
b. / Shopkeepers denied service to gays which resulted in active resistance from the gay community.
c. / The gay community resisted police brutality during a raid at a New York bar.
d. / Lesbians and gays went on the attack against each other.

ANS:CPTS:1DIF:ConceptualREF:Sex in American History

50.In 1973, the American Psychiatric Association:

a. / Removed homosexuality from its list of psychiatric disorders.
b. / Added homosexuality to its list of psychiatric disorders.
c. / Released a report on the well-being of families of homosexuals.
d. / Concluded that homosexuality was caused by environmental factors.

ANS:APTS:1DIF:FactualREF:Sex in American History

TRUE/FALSE

1.Sexuality is considered a uniquely human trait.

ANS:TPTS:1REF:Sexuality Today

2.Due to the media’s use of digitally altered images of the face and body, some countries have proposed legislation that would require warning labels on photos that have been retouched.

ANS:TPTS:1REF:Sexuality Today

3.Temple prostitutes were women who would have sex with worshippers to provide money for the temple.

ANS:TPTS:1REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

4.The ancient Greeks institutionalized homosexuality successfully.

ANS:TPTS:1REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

5.The ancient Roman society emphasized the natural blending of masculine and feminine principles as part of the procreative process.

ANS:FPTS:1REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

6.The Kama Sutra contains guidance to couples about the dangers of having passion within sexual relations.

ANS:FPTS:1REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

7.Food binding originated out of men’s desire for women with small feminine feet.

ANS:TPTS:1REF:The Early Evolution of Human Sexuality

8.St. Paul was central in establishing the Christian view of sexuality that dominated Western thought for the next 2,000 years.

ANS:TPTS:1REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

9.During the Renaissance, society turned from a focus on human beings to a focus on God.

ANS:FPTS:1REF:Sexuality from St. Paul to Martin Luther

10.During the Victorian era, women consulted their doctors to learn how to sexually please their husbands.

ANS:TPTS:1REF:The Enlightenment and the Victorian Era

11.Among the social movements that arose in the 19th century, the Free Love Movement advocated marriage as a prerequisite to sexual relationships.

ANS:FPTS:1REF:Sex in American History

12.According to the 19th century medical mode, homosexuality is a sin.

ANS:FPTS:1REF:Sex in American History

13.The Comstock Act of 1873 allowed people access to contraception if they were married.