RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

BANGALORE, KARNATAKA

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

1.  NAME OF THE CANDIDATE : DR.VIJAYKUMAR B.CHAVADI.

AND ADDRESS S/O B.H.CHAVADI

SECTOR NO:47, PLOT NO: 18D NAVANAGAR,

TQ & DST BAGALKOT-587102

2. NAME OF THE INSTITUTION : POST GRADUATE STUDIES AND

RESEARCH CENTRE, D.G.M.

AYURVEDIC MEDICAL

COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, GADAG-582103

3.  COURSE OF THE STUDY : AYURVEDA VACHASPATI

AND SUBJECT : (M.D), RASASHASTRA

4. DATE OF ADMISSION : JUNE 2008

5. TITLE OF THE TOPIC :

“ ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ABHRAKA BHASMA

PREPARED WITH GOMUTRA, FOR EVALUATION OF ITS

BROAD SPECTRUM ACTIVITY - AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ”

6. Brief resume of the intended work:

6.1 Need for the study:

The Utility of Ayurvedic science is to maintain the health of a healthy individual

and to cure the disease of a patient1.

Unsanitary and malnutrition living system contribute to massive burden of

infectious diseases, which may be thought of as battles between man and his

microbials, are the world’s major causes of morbidity and mortality2.

Infection and immunity involve interaction between the animal body (host) and the

infecting micro-organisms3. These present every where in the soil, water, atmosphere

and on the body surfaces and are responsible for large no. of infectious diseases in

human beings4.

To overcome such conditions, many antibiotics and antifungals are heavily

prescribing by medical practitioners, these may cause many hazards to the body such

as- nausea, vomiting, gastric irritation, metallic taste, destruction of gastric flora and

anaphylactic reactions causing even death, which are considered as the weapons of the

contemporary science5.

It is moral responsibility of an Ayurvedic scholar to search for an ideal remedy

from the Ayurvedic treasure of therapeutics, Acharyas have explained many mineral

and herbo-mineral preparations which acts as Rasayana as well as Krimihara.

Rasataranginikara explained about the 60 drugs in maraka gana for Abhraka

bhasma, where Gomutra is one among them6.

Both “ Abhraka ” 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and “ Gomutra ” 12, 13, 14, 15 acts as “ Krimihara ”.

Gomutra acts as Krimihara because of Katu, Teekshna, Ushna, Kshaara, Tiktha,

kashaya properties14.

Thus, in present study- In-vitro antimicrobial activity of Abhraka bhasma prepared

by usisng Gomutra as maraka dravya will be studied.

6.2  Review of literature

The following details of Ayurvedic classical literature and relevant modern

literature will be reviewed,

  1. Abhraka (specially Grahyata, Shodhana, Dhanyabhraka, Marana)
  1. Gomutra.

6.3 Aims and objectives of study

  1. Preparation of Abhraka bhasma with Gomutra.
  1. Physico-chemical analysis of Abhraka bhasma .
  1. To asses the Antimicrobial activity of Abhraka

bhasma experimentally.

7. Materials and methods.

7.1  Source of Data

a) Literature : Literary aspect of the study will be collected from

Ayurvedic and Modern text updated with recent

Medical journals and internet.

b) Drugs : Genuine grahya Abhraka required for the preparations

will be collected from the market, and fresh Gomutra is collected.

c) Preparation : Shodhana and Marana of Abhraka will be done in

Pharmacy of post gradute studies and research center,

D.G.M,A.M.C, Gadag.

d) Analysis : Physico-chemical analysis will be done in

recognized laboratory.

e) Experiment :

·  Standard antimicrobial drug (Ciprofloxacin, Clotrimazole) will be

obtained from recognized pharmaceutical laboratory.

·  Micro-Organisms will be obtained from reliable source.

·  Antimicrobial study will be conducted in recognized laboratory.

7.2  Method of collection of Data :

Study Design:

A) Pharmaceutical study :

1.  Grahya Abhraka will be selected16.

2.  Shodhana of Abhraka will be done as per classics17.

3.  Dhanya Abhraka preparation will be done as per classics18.

4.  Marana of Abhraka will be done19.

B)  Analytical study :

Analytical evaluation of Abhraka bhasma will be done in well equipped

recognized laboratory.

Physical: Organoleptic Character- Colour, Touch, Smell, Loss on

drying, PH value, Acid insoluble ash, Water insouluble ash.

Chemical: Qualitative and Quantitative analysis for Abhraka bhasma .

C)  Experimental study :

Procedure20:

Ø  In-vitro antimicrobial activity of the Abhraka bhasma

prepared by using Gomutra will be evaluated by cup plate diffusion

method.

Ø  The Abhraka bhasma will be testing against Gram-positive

bactiria ( staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus albus ),

Gram-negative bacteria ( Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas

aeruginosa ),

Ø  And Fungi ( candida albicans and candida tropicalis)

Ø  Will be compared with Ciprofloxacin and Clotrimazole,

as standard drugs.

Ø  Incubation period : 18 Hrs.

7.3 Does the study require any investigations or intervention to be conducted on

Patients or other animals?

No

7.4 Has ethical clearance obtained from your institution in case of 7.3 ?

Yes Obtained and enclosed.

8. List of references

1.Chakrapanidatta, Charaka samhita, sutrasthana, Chapter 30, Shloka 26,edited by Jadavji trikamji acharaya, Edition reprint 2004, Choukhambha Sanskrit Bhavan, Varanasi, 2004, PP-187.

2. B.I.Duerden, T.M.S Reid and J.M.Jewsbury, “Microbial and parasitic Infection”,

Chapter 01, 7th edition Oxford university press, 1993, PP-04

3. Dr. R. Ananthanarayan and Dr. C.K.Jayaram Paniker, “Text book of Microbiology”, Chapter 09, edited by Dr. C.K.Jayaram Paniker, Orient Longman pvt.ltd, Reprinted 2003,PP-132

4. Harsha Mohan, “Text book of Pathology”, Chapter 06, Jaypeebrothers medical publishers pvt.ltd, New delhi 2002, PP-161

5. Harsha Mohan, “Text book of Pathology”, Chapter 06, Jaypeebrothers medical publishers pvt.ltd, New delhi 2002, PP-162

6. Sri Sadananda sharma, “Rasa Tarangini”, Chapter 10, Shloka 56-64, edited by Kashinath shastri, 11th edition, Motilal Banarasidas Publication, New-Delhi, 1979, PP-231-232..

7. Dr. Krishnachandra Chunekar, “Bhavaprakash Nighantu”,Chapter- Dhatwadi varga, Shloka 124-125, edited by Dr. Gangasahaya Pandeya, Reprint 2002, Choukhamba Bharati Academy, Varanasi, PP-617-618.

8. Vagbhatta Acharya kruta, “Rasa Ratna samucchaya”, Chapter 2nd, Shloka05, edited by Indradev Tripathi, 2nd edition, Published by Choukhambha Sanskrit Bhavan, Varanasi, 2003, PP-14.

9. Acharya Shree Gulraj Sharma Mishra krita “Rasakamadenu” Chapter 35, Shloka 20-25, edited by vd. Santoshkumar Sharma, 2nd edition, Choukhamba Orientalia, Varanasi,2003,PP-86-87.

10. Pt. Brahma Shankar Mishra, “Rasendra sara sangraha”, 2nd Chapter,Shloka 04-06, 8th edition, Choukhamba Amarabharati prakashan,Varanasi 1981,PP-279-280.

11. www.google.com

12. Shree Lalachandra shastri vaidya, ”Asthanga Sangraha”, Chapter 06, Shloka 141-143, edited by Vd. Ranajitray Desai, 2nd edition,Baibhyanath Ayurveda Bhavan,ltd -1981,

PP- 261.

13. Pt.Kashinath Sharma, ”Charaka Samhita ”Chapter 01, Shloka 92-101, edited by Dr. Gangasahaya Pandeya, 8th edition, Choukamba Sanskrit Sansthan,Varanasi 2004,PP-35.

14. Dr. Krishnachandra Chunekar, “Bhavaprakash Nighantu”,Chapter- Mutra varga, Shloka 01-06, edited by Dr. Gangasahaya Pandeya, Reprint 2004, Choukhamba Bharati Academy, Varanasi, PP-778.

15. Kaviraj Ambikadutta Shastri, “ Sushruta Samhita Sutrasthan ” Chapter Mutra

Varga.,Shloka 217, edited with Ayurveda tattva Sandipika, reprint edition

Choukamba Sanskrit Sansthan,Varanasi 2005,PP-186.

16.Vagbhatta Acharya kruta, Rasa Ratna samucchaya, Chapter 2nd, Shloka11, edited by

Indradev Tripathi, 2nd edition, Published by Choukhambha Sanskrit Bhavan, Varanasi,

2003, PP-11.

17.Vagbhatta Acharyakruta, Rasa Ratna Samucchaya, Chapter 2nd, Shloka16-17, Edited by

Indradev Tripathi, 2nd edition, Published by Choukhambha Sanskrit Bhavan, Varanasi;

2003, PP-12.

18.Vagbhatta Acharyakruta, Rasa Ratna samucchaya, Chapter 2nd, Shloka16-17, Edited by

Indradev Tripathi, 2nd edition, Published by Choukhambha Sanskrit Bhavan, Varanasi,

2003, PP-12.

19.Sri Sadnanda sharma, Rasa Tarangini, Chapter 10th, Shloka56-64, Edited by Kashinath

Shastri, 11th edition, , Motilal Banarasidas Publication, New-Delhi, 1979, PP-232.

20. Hugo , W.B and Russel, A.D. “ Pharmaceutical Microbiology ” 4th Edn. Blackwell

scientific publication, oxford, 1987,PP-265.

9. Signature of candidate :

( Dr. VIJAYKUMAR B.CHAVADI )

10. Remarks of the Guide :

Abhraka and Gomutra both are said to be having Krimihara property. When Abhraka bhasma prepared with Gomutra as maraka dravya, the Krimihara property will be enhanced, the hypothesis claims. So to screen this effect of drug along with its analytical study is undertaken.

11. Name and designation :

11.1 Guide : Dr. M.C.PATIL , M.D(Ayu)

Professor and H.O.D

Dept of Rasashastra

P.G.A.R.C, D.G.M.A.M.C,

Gadag

11.2 Signature :

11.3 Co –Guide : Dr. J.G.MITTI , M.D(Ayu)

Lecturer

P.G.A.R.C, D.G.M.A.M.C,

Gadag

11.4 Signature :

11.5 Head of the Department : Dr. M.C.PATIL , M.D(Ayu)

Professor and H.O.D

Dept of Rasashastra

P.G.A.R.C, D.G.M.A.M.C,

Gadag

11.6 Signature :

12.1 REMARKS OF CHAIRMAIN AND PRINCIPAL :

The above Synopsis is by P.G training Cum Research Centre committee

of DGMAMC, Gadag and submitted for registration of subject for Dissertation

of subject for Dissertation at R.G.U.H.S, Bengaluru.

12.2 Signature :

Principal/C.M.O

Dr. G.B. Patil

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