What is Matter?
Anything that can be______, ______, touched…
Has mass and volume ( )
Matter exists in some stateor ______
Phases of matter include , liquid,
gas, non- , & plasma
Common of
Matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas
Non-Newtonian substances sometimes
behave like a and
sometimes like a
consist of
freely moving charged particles, (electrons & ions)
It is perhaps the most common phase of matter
in the
Matter is made up of …
What’s an?
The word ATOM (átomos) was first
used by the Greek philosopher
Atom translates to “”
It is the smallest particle characterizing
an
We can’t see the parts of atoms, even with modern
technology, so we have an
A theory is a good, logical about
something but it hasn’t been proven to be true
Atomic Theory
It is thought that atoms are made of these common particles:
•PROTON- has a positive Charge (P+)
•NEUTRON- has a neutral charge; has both positive and negative attributes (N=)
•ELECTRON- has a negative charge (e-)
Atomic Structure
Periodic Table
First organized using the known
from other chemists
like Stanislao Cannizzaro
created the
table of elements in 1869
of elements
Organized horizontally
Indicates # of electron
of elements
Organized vertically
Indicates # of electrons in
Elemental Symbol (Often from Latin or Greek)
(1st letter is upper case, 2nd is lower case)
Q: How can I calculate the number of neutrons in an element??
A:
Elemental Names & Symbols
Iron; Latin Ferrum meaning “firm”
Copper; Greek for island of Cypress/ Cuprius
Sodium; Natrium (Latin) meaning “soda”/ “salt”
Silver; from Latin Argentum meaning “bright”
Gold; (Latin) Aurum- Roman Goddess of Dawn
Mercury; Greek Hydragyrium meaning ‘liquid silver’
Lead; Latin for Plumbum; origin of plumber
Elements are individual …
When join together a
forms
Elements join forming
of a
There several ways for
molecules to …
Bonding
Atoms join together to form
molecules of a compound
through
Atoms “prefer” to have e- in the outer cloud
In order to become more stable, elements
will e-
(H2O) is an example
of covalent bonding
Bonding
Occurs with
One element an electron
while another an electron
In the case of Sodium Chloride, gives up
an electron and gains one
This creates: the Na atom has a
charge & the atom has a negative charge
Opposite charges and a is formed