AERONAUTICAL COMMUNICATIONS PANEL (ACP)
SIXTEENTH MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP F
Montreal, Canada 11-15 December 2006
DRAFT CPM Report on technical, operational and regulatory/procedural matters to be considered by
the ITU 2007
World Radiocommunication Conference
(WRC-07)
Chapter 1
MOBILE, AERONAUTICAL MOBILE, RADIONAVIGATION AND RADIOLOCATION SERVICES
(CPM report on WRC-07 agenda items 1.3, 1.4 (partial), 1.5, 1.6)
Chapter 1
CONTENTS
Page
AGENDA ITEM 1.3
1/1.3/1 Issue A – Res. 747 resolves to invite ITU-R 1
1/1.3/1.1 Background
1/1.3/1.2 Summary of technical and operational studies and relevant ITU-R Recommendations and Reports
1/1.3/1.3 Analysis of the results of studies
1/1.3/2 Issue B – Res. 747 resolves to invite ITU-R 2
1/1.3/2.1 Background
1/1.3/2.2 Summary of technical and operational studies and relevant ITU-R Recommendations and Reports
1/1.3/2.3 Analysis of the results of studies
1/1.3/3 Issue C-1 – Res. 747 resolves to invite ITU-R 3.1
1/1.3/4 Issue C-2 – Res. 747 resolves to invite ITU-R 3.2
1/1.3/5 Issue C-3 – Res. 747 resolves to invite ITU-R 3.3
1/1.3/6 Issue D – Res. 747 resolves to invite ITU-R 4
1/1.3/6.1 Background
1/1.3/6.2 Summary of technical and operational studies and relevant ITU-R Recommendations and Reports
1/1.3/6.3 Analysis of the results of studies
1/1.3/7 Methods to satisfy the agenda item
1/1.3/7.1 further resolves 1 of Resolution 747 (WRC-03)
1/1.3/7.2 further resolves 2 of Resolution 747 (WRC-03)
1/1.3/8 Regulatory and procedural considerations
1/1.3/8.1 further resolves 1 of Resolution 747 (WRC-03)
1/1.3/8.2 further resolves 2 of Resolution 747 (WRC-03)
AGENDA ITEM 1.4
1/1.4/1 Issue A – Res. 228 resolves 2
1/1.4/1.1 Background
1/1.4/1.2 Summary of technical and operational studies, and relevant ITU-R Recommendations and Reports
1/1.4/1.3 Analysis of the results of studies
1/1.4/1.3.1 Terrestrial component
1/1.4/1.3.2 Satellite component
1/1.4/2 Issue B – Res. 228 resolves 3
1/1.4/2.1 Background
1/1.4/2.2 Summary of technical and operational studies, and relevant ITU-R Recommendations
1/1.4/2.3 Analysis of the results of studies
1/1.4/3 Issue C – Res. 228 resolves 4
1/1.4/3.1 Background
1/1.4/3.2 Summary of technical and operational studies and relevant ITU-R Recommendations
1/1.4/3.3 Analysis of the results of studies
1/1.4/4 Issue D – Res. 228 resolves 5
1/1.4/4.1 Background
1/1.4/4.2 Summary of technical and operational studies and relevant ITU-R Recommendations and Reports
1/1.4/4.3 Analysis of the results of studies
1/1.4/5 Candidate bands for the future development of IMT-2000 and systems beyond IMT2000
1/1.4/6 Methods to satisfy the agenda item
1/1.4/6.1 Methods to satisfy the terrestrial component of IMT
1/1.4/6.2 Method to satisfy the satellite component of IMT
1/1.4/7 Regulatory and procedural considerations
AGENDA ITEM 1.5
1/1.5/1 Issue A – Res. 230 resolves that WRC-07 be invited 1
1/1.5/1.1 Background
1/1.5/1.2 Summary of technical and operational studies, and relevant ITU-R Recommendations
1/1.5/1.2.1 Spectrum required to support testing of aircraft
1/1.5/1.2.2 Spectrum required to support other wideband aeronautical mobile telemetry and associated telecommand
1/1.5/1.3 Analysis of the results of studies
1/1.5/1.3.1 Spectrum required to support testing of aircraft
1/1.5/1.3.2 Spectrum required to support other wideband aeronautical mobile telemetry and associated telecommand
1/1.5/2 Issue B – Res. 230 resolves that WRC-07 be invited 2
1/1.5/3 Issue C – Res. 230 resolves that WRC-07 be invited 3
1/1.5/3.1 Background
1/1.5/3.2 Summary of technical and operational studies and relevant ITU-R Recommendations
1/1.5/3.2.1 Additional allocations for aeronautical mobile telemetry for testing of aircraft between 3 and 16 GHz
1/1.5/3.2.2 Additional allocations for use by other wideband aeronautical mobile telemetry and associated telecommand spectrum requirements between 3 and 16GHz
1/1.5/3.3 Analysis of the results of studies
1/1.5/3.3.1 Additional allocations for aeronautical mobile telemetry for testing of aircraft between 3 and 16 GHz
1/1.5/3.3.2 Additional allocations for other wideband aeronautical mobile telemetry and associated telecommand spectrum requirements between 3 and 16GHz
1/1.5/4 Issue D – Res. 230 resolves that WRC-07 be invited 4
1/1.5/5 Methods to satisfy the agenda item
1/1.5/5.1 Issue A
1/1.5/5.1.1 Method A
1/1.5/5.2 Issue B
1/1.5/5.3 Issue C
1/1.5/5.3.1 Method C1 (5 030-5 091 MHz)
1/1.5/5.3.2 Method C2 (5 091-5 150 MHz)
1/1.5/5.3.3 Method C3 (5 150-5 250 MHz)
1/1.5/5.4 Issue D
1/1.5/6 Regulatory and procedural considerations
1/1.5/6.1 Method A
1/1.5/6.2 Method C1
1/1.5/6.3 Method C2 (5 091-5 150 MHz)
1/1.5/6.3.1 Method C2a
1/1.5/6.3.2 Method C2b
1/1.5/6.3.3 Method C2c
1/1.5/6.4 Method C3 (5 150-5 250 MHz)
1/1.5/6.4.1 Method C3a
1/1.5/6.4.2 Method C3b
AGENDA ITEM 1.6
1/1.6/1 Issue A – Res. 414 further resolves to invite ITU-R 1
1/1.6/1.1 Background
1/1.6/1.2 Summary of technical and operational studies, and relevant ITU-R Recommendations and Reports
1/1.6/1.3 Analysis of the results of studies
1/1.6/2 Issue B – Res. 414 further resolves to invite ITU-R 2
1/1.6/3 Issue C – Res. 414 further resolves to invite ITU-R 3
1/1.6/3.1 Background
1/1.6/3.2 Summary of technical and operational studies and list of relevant ITU-R Recommendations and Reports
1/1.6/3.3 Analysis of the results of studies
1/1.6/4 Issue D – Res. 415 invites ITU-R 1
1/1.6/4.1 Background
1/1.6/4.2 Summary of technical and operational studies, including a list of relevant ITU-R Recommendations and provisions of the RR
1/1.6/4.2.1 Ground-to-ground radiocommunications
1/1.6/4.2.2 Air-to-ground radiocommunications
1/1.6/4.3 Analysis of the results of studies relating to the possible methods of satisfying the agenda item
1/1.6/5 Methods to satisfy the agenda item
1/1.6/5.1 Method 1 (Issue A)
1/1.6/5.1.1 Method 1a
1/1.6/5.1.2 Method 1b
1/1.6/5.2 Method 2 (Issue A)
1/1.6/5.2.1 Method 2a
1/1.6/5.2.2 Method 2b
1/1.6/5.3 Method 3 (Issue A)
1/1.6/5.3.1 Method 3a
1/1.6/5.3.2 Method 3b
1/1.6/5.4 Method 4 (Issue A)
1/1.6/5.4.1 Method 4a
1/1.6/5.4.2 Method 4b
1/1.6/5.5 Method 5 (Issue C)
1/1.6/5.6 Method for Issue D
1/1.6/6 Regulatory and procedural considerations
1/1.6/6.1 Method 1: The band 108-117.975 MHz
1/1.6/6.3 Method 3: AM(R)S allocation in the bands 5000-5010 MHz and 5010-5030 MHz
1/1.6/6.4 Method 4: AM(R)S allocation in the band 5030-5150 MHz
1/1.6/6.5 Method 5: AMS allocation limited to aeronautical security applications in the band 5091-5150 MHz
AGENDA ITEM 1.3
in accordance with Resolution 747 (WRC-03), to consider upgrading the radiolocation service to primary allocation status in the bands 9000-9200MHz and 9300-9500MHz and extending by up to 200MHz the existing primary allocations to the Earth exploration-satellite service (active) and the space research service (active) in the band 9500-9800MHz without placing undue constraint on the services to which the bands are allocated
Resolution 747 (WRC-03)
Possible upgrade of the radiolocation service to primary allocation status in the frequency bands9000-9200 MHz and 9300-9500MHz, and possible extension of the existing primary allocations to the Earth exploration-satellite service (active) and the space research service (active) in the band9500-9800MHz
Executive summary
The CPM text onWRC-07 Agenda item 1.3 provides the results and analysis of studies, and potential methods to satisfy the agenda item taking into account the results of the studies conducted since WRC-03. Agenda item 1.3 is comprised of two distinct issues: 1) consider upgrading the radiolocation service (RLS) to primary allocation status in the bands 9 000-9 200 MHz and 93009500MHz, and 2) consider extending the Earth exploration-satellite service (EESS) (active) and space research service (SRS) (active) allocations in 9 500-9 800 MHz by as much as 200MHz.
With regard to the radiolocation allocation upgrade, the tests and studies show compatibility between the radiolocation and radionavigation systems, leading to the conclusion that the RLS allocations can be upgraded to primary status with no impact on the radionavigation service (RNS). As a result of the studies, two methods to satisfy the agenda item are provided in the CPM text. InMethod A1, the RLS is upgraded to primary status with the inclusion of regulatory text giving the RNS priority over the RLS. Method A2 upgrades the RLS allocation to primary without the additional regulatory text, thereby placing the RLS and RNS on equal status.
For the EESS (active) and SRS (active) extension, the CPM text provides two methods to satisfy the agenda item. Method B1, which is the preferred method according to Resolution 747 (WRC-03), proposes an allocation in 9 300-9 500 MHz band with regulatory text to protect the RNS and RLS and to limit the EESS (active) and SRS (active) allocations to wideband systems that could not be accommodated in the existing 300 MHz allocation. Since it is ultimately up to WRC-07 to decide on the suitability of EESS (active) and SRS (active) operations in 93009500 MHz, MethodB2 is provided where the extension would be placed in 980010000 MHz. Presentation of the studies and inclusion of both methods provides the WRC-07 with maximum flexibility to make its decisions.
1/1.3/1 Issue A resolves to invite ITU-R
1 to continue to study, as a matter of urgency, the technical characteristics, protection criteria, and other factors of radiolocation and radionavigation systems that ensure compatible operations in the bands 9 000-9 200 MHz and 9 300-9 500 MHz
1/1.3/1.1 Background
There is a need to provide contiguous spectrum in the bands around 9GHz for the RLS allocated on a primary basis worldwide, in order to provide adequate spectrum for new radar systems to function. Emerging requirements for increased image resolution and increased range accuracy necessitate wider contiguous emission bandwidths than are currently available. Therefore, there is a need to upgrade the status of frequency allocations to the RLS in the frequency range 9000-9200MHz and 9300-9500MHz in order for existing and planned radar systems to satisfy their required missions.
The bands 9000-9200MHz and 9300-9500MHz are allocated on a primary basis to the aeronautical radionavigation service (ARNS) and RNS, respectively. While radionavigation is recognized as a safety service as delineated in RR No. 4.10, RLS systems have demonstrated compatible operations with RNS systems in the bands 9000-9200MHz and 9300-9500MHz over many years through the use of similar system characteristics such as low-duty cycle emissions and scanning beams as well as interference mitigation techniques.
Previous and ongoing studies within the ITU-R addressing other frequency bands indicate that sharing in the bands 9000-9200MHz and 9300-9500MHz between the RNS and the RLS is likely to be feasible. It should be noted that Recommendation ITURM.1313 contains the technical characteristics and protection criteria for maritime radars in the band 9300-9500MHz and that Recommendation ITU-R M.1372 identifies interference reduction techniques which enhance compatibility among radar systems.
1/1.3/1.2 Summary of technical and operational studies and relevant ITU-R Recommendations and Reports
Recommendation ITU-R M.1372-1 provides information on the various mitigation techniques that radars use among themselves to prevent pulsed interference from degrading their operations. Many of the radars tested in the below mentioned reports and recommendations employ these types of techniques.
Draft new Recommendation ITU-R M.[8B.8-10 GHz] contains characteristics and protection criteria for radiodetermination systems operating in the band 8.5-10 GHz. The radiolocation waveforms that were used in the testing were developed from information contained in this recommendation. The radionavigation systems that were tested are also representative of those in the recommendation.
Report ITU-R M.2050 contains results of tests with marine radionavigation systems and pulsed interference.
Report ITU-R M.2076, “Factors that mitigate interference from radiolocation and EESS/SRS (active) radars to maritime and aeronautical radionavigation radars in the 9.0-9.2 and 9.3-9.5 GHz bands and between EESS/SRS (active) radars and radiolocation radars in the 9.3-9.5 and 9.8-10.0 GHz bands”.
Preliminary draft new Report ITU-R M.[Duty Cycle Tests], “Test results illustrating the effective duty cycle of frequency modulated pulsed radiolocation and EESS waveforms in a marine radionavigation receiver”.
Report ITU-R M.2081, “Test results illustrating compatibility between representative radionavigation systems and radiolocation systems in the band 8.5-10 GHz”.
While the aforementioned documents are considered to be sufficient to support conclusions to the Agenda item 1.3, it should be noted that protection criteria for radiodetermination systems need to be improved. In particular, the impact of radiolocation radars using duty cycles higher than those in draft new Recommendation ITU-R M.[8B.8-10 GHz] requires further study. There is currently no recommendation specifying the maximum acceptable duty cycle limit a radar receiver could be subject to without harmful operational disturbance.
1/1.3/1.3 Analysis of the results of studies
Recommendation ITURM.1461-1 states that the effect of pulsed interference is difficult to quantify and is strongly dependent on receivers/processor design and mode of operation. Testing is one manner to quantify the effect of interference. Reports ITU-R M.2050, ITU-R M.2081 and ITUR M.2076 provide detailed information on the characteristics and interference mitigation techniques for radionavigation radars, EESS/SRS (active) systems, and radiolocation radars to mitigate interference. Preliminary draft new Report ITU-R M.[Duty Cycle Tests] presents test results showing how the effective duty cycle of FM pulsed signals is reduced as they pass through the receiver chain of marine radionavigation radars.
Testing was conducted to determine the ability of radionavigation radars to mitigate interference from radiolocation radars. Tests using a variety of radionavigation radars (maritime, precision approach radar, airborne weather, and airport surface detection equipment) showed a radar’s ability to suppress pulsed interference is closely related to duty cycle, pulse width of the interfering waveform, and to the bandwidth of the receiver. The test results showed typical radionavigation systems did not suffer any degradation in performance from interfering radiolocation waveforms at an I/N of +40 dB. In general, the pulse length and modulation characteristics of the potential interferer and the victim receiver are very different. The longer duty cycles of chirped waveforms are reduced to a value where the interference can be mitigated with interference mitigation circuitry (illustrated in Rec. ITU-R M.1372). The test results show compatibility between the RNS and the RLS in the band 9 000-9 200 MHz and 9 300-9 500 MHz.
1/1.3/2 Issue B resolves to invite ITU-R
2 to continue to study, as a matter of urgency, the technical characteristics, protection criteria and other factors of radiolocation, radionavigation, EESS (active) and space research services (active) systems that ensure compatible operations in the band 9 300-9 500 MHz
1/1.3/2.1 Background
The band 9 500-9 800 MHz is allocated on a primary basis to the Earth exploration-satellite (EESS) (active), space research (SRS) (active), radiolocation and radionavigation services. In order to satisfy global environmental monitoring requirements for improved resolution, EESS (active) and the SRS (active) allocations require an increase of 200 MHz. This additional bandwidth will greatly improve the resolution of the features for global monitoring and for environmental and land-use purposes. Studies have been performed that analyse the compatibility between EESS (active), and the existing services in the possible extension band 9 300-9500MHz.