Name:______Date:______

Earth Science Chapter 5 Study Guide

solid / Naturally occurring / compounds / Definite chemical composition / copper
inorganic / element / pyrite / Color of the powdered form of the mineral / Internal crystal formation

1. List the five requirements to be considered a mineral: ______

______

______

2. An example of a native mineral is ______.

3. A native mineral is a single ______.

4. Most minerals, as well as most substances are ______.

5. The mineral name for “fools gold” is ______.

6. The streak test that is used to identify minerals involves studying the ______

______.

Silicon / fracture / sulfur / quartz / mass
Arrangement of its atoms / Common mineral / oxygen / hardness / compound

7. A mineral that is easily identified by smell is ______.

8. ______cannot be used to identify a mineral.

9. The scratch test is a way to determine a mineral’s ______.


10. Cyanite (Al2SiO5), quartz (SiO2), and leucite (KalSi2O6) may be grouped together

because they all contain ______.

11. Sand is tiny particles of ______and is used to manufacture glass.

12. Each mineral has a unique crystal shape because of the ______

______.

13. ______is the least useful characteristic to identify a mineral.

14. The mineral property that includes the descriptions conchoidal, splintery, and

irregular is ______.

15. Gold and diamond are not generally classified as rock-forming minerals because

neither is a ______.

16. Silicates always contain ______.

17. The mineral calcite is a combination of calcium, carbon and oxygen. Calcite is an

example of a ______.

Know the definitions of the following words and be able to match them on the test:

Hardness – the ability to resist scratching

Color – in some minerals, it is very unique, like bright blue

Streak – color produced by a mineral’s powder on a piece of tile

Luster – how a mineral reflects light

Density – the ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume

Crystal System – general shape of a mineral, like cubic

Cleavage – the way a mineral splits along a flat surface

Fracture – how a mineral looks when it breaks apart irregularly

Magnetism – when a compass reacts to the presence of a mineral

Fluorescence – the ability to glow under UV light

Understand how to use Moh’s Hardness Scale and be prepared to answer questions about the different minerals in relation to each other.

The above illustrations are types of spring scales. Spring scales are used to measure a

mineral’s ______. Use your notes to find this answer!