Online resource 1 Character and character states used in the phylogenetic analysis of Gregorymys species

Characters

Continuous (additive by default)

0. p4-m3 length

1. Width i/P4-M3 length

2. Lower diastema length/P4-M3 length

3. Depth of mandible/P4-M3 length

4. P4-M3 length

5. Width I/P4-M3 length

6. Upper diastema length/P4-M3 length

7. Condylobasilar length/P4-M3 length

8. Palatal width/P4-M3 length

9. Depth of mandible/p4-m3 length

10. Lower diastema length/p4-m3 length

11. Width i/p4-m3 length

Discrete

12.Number of cusps on P4 metacone

13.Number of cusps on molars metaloph

14.Grooves on I

15.Accessorycuspid attached to protostylid

16.Anteroexternalcingularcuspid on lower molars

17.Supraorbital crests/flange ADDITIVE

18.Depthparapterygoid fossa ADDITIVE

19.Positionsphenopalatine foramina

20.Form external margin of lower incisives

21.Hypsodonty of teeth ADDITIVE

22. Shape upper diastema ADDITIVE

23.Size of optic foramen

24. Base of enamel on molars

25.Length of p4 relative to m1

26. Length of P4 relative to M1

27.Anterostylids on p4

28. Sagittal and lambdoidal crests

29. Rostral perforation

30.Narrow grooved palate

31. Incisive foramina

32. Position anterior alar fissure

33.Stapedial foramen ADDITIVE

34.Mandibular pit

35.Incisive roots

36.Slope of diastema in lateral view

37. Sphenopterygoid canal

38. Ethmoid foramina

39. Boss anterior to glenoid fossa

40. Interparietal width

41.Origin of temporal musculature ADDITIVE

42.External nares position

43.Medial processes of bullae

44.Position of optic foramina ADDITIVE

45. Incisive foramen length/diastemal length

46.Posterior alar fissure

47. Postglenoid foramen

Character states

0 to 11 are continuous.

12. (0) three cusps; (1) four cusps

13. (0) three cusps; (1) four cusps; (2) two cusps

14. (0) absent; (1) present

15. (0) absent; (1)present

16. (0) present; (1) absent

17. (0) absent; (1) weak; (2) strong

18. (0) shallow; (1) moderate; (2) deep

19. (0) dorsal M1; (1) P4-M1;(2) P4; (3) M2

20. (0) rounded; (1)flat

21. (0) brachydont; (1) mesodont; (2) hypsodont; (3) hypselodont

22. (0) flat; (1) curved (2) strongly curved

23. (0) > 1mm (1)=< 1mm

24. (0) not undulating; (1) undulating

25. (0) p4=< m1; (1)p4>m1

26. (0) P4=< M1; (1)P4>M1

27. (0) absent; (1) present

28. (0) weak; (1) strong

29. (0) absent; (1) present

30. (0) absent; (1) present

31. (0) not greatly reduced; (1) greatly reduced

32. (0) not dorsal to posterior molars; (1) dorsal to posterior molars

33. (0) present; (1) pit; (2) absent

34. (0) absent; (1) present

35. (0) not extended; (1) extended

36. (0) not inclined anteriorly; (1) inclined strongly anteriorly

37. (0) absent; (1) present

38. (0) dorsal to M3; (1) M3/M2 junction; (2) mid M2 or anterior

39. (0) not present;(1) present; (2) very prominent

40. (0) wide, or constricted bybullar inflation; (1) narrow, unrelated to bullar inflation

41.(0) reach midline, or nearly so; (1) restricted laterally; (2) restricted very far laterally

42. (0) project significantly in front of upper I; (1) coincident with I in transverse plane

43. (0) do not meet; (1) meet

44. (0) posterodorsal to M3; (1) dorsal to M3;(2) dorsal to the junction of M2-M3; (3) dorsal to M2; (4)dorsal to the junction of M1-M2

45. (0) > 0.40; (1) 0.20 to 0.40; (2) 0.10 to 0.19

46. (0) absent; (1) present but separated from foramen ovale; (2)present and joined with foramen ovale

47. (0) in squamosal bone; (1) in squamosal bone and another between squamosal and periotic; (2) between bones and continuous with posterior alar fissure