STUDY GUIDE
Chapter 9 Test: Launching the New Government
Know the Following People:
Thomas Jefferson – Leader of the Republican political party and the man who won the tie-
breaker election in 1800.
Alexander Hamilton – The unofficial leader of the Federalist political party and the first
Secretary of the Treasury.
John Adams – Second president of the United States; a Federalist who lost his bid for re-election to Jefferson in 1796
George Washington - The first President of the United States.
John Jay - The first Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.
Know the Following Facts:
· The British agreed to pay damages for ships captured in the West Indies as part of the Jay’s Treaty Agreement.
· At the beginning of his first term, President Washington named well-known, talented leaders to head government departments.
· A major result of the Whiskey Rebellion was that people realized that the new government would not tolerate violent protests.
· Many people feared political divisions would threaten national unity if political parties formed in the U.S.
· Alexander Hamilton planned to reduce the national debt by buying up Revolutionary War bonds and issuing new bonds.
· President Adams resisted American war fever and avoided military action during the crisis with France.
· Washington’s Neutrality Proclamation kept the U.S. out of war with Great Britain (England) and France.
· X, Y, and Z were code names for three French agents sent to get a bribe from American diplomats in Paris.
14. Why did the House of Representatives decide the Election of 1800?
A. Neither the Federalists nor the Republicans won a clear majority of the electoral vote.
B. Members of Congress did not agree with the decision of the Electoral College.
C. The popular vote was recounted after weeks of debates and hearings at the Supreme Court.
PART III: APPLYING MAIN IDEAS (5 points each)
Analyze the quote below. Then, choose the letter of the correct answer.
Thomas Jefferson, 1798
“They have brought into the lower house a sedition bill, which… undertakes to make printing certain matters criminal… Indeed this bill and the alien bill both are so [against] the Constitution as to show they mean to pay no respect to it.”
15. To whom is Thomas Jefferson referring in this quote (Who are “they”?)?
A. members of the Supreme Court
B. members of the Republican Party
C. members of the Federalist Party
16. What are the “certain matters” that Jefferson is referring to in this quote?
A. printing newspaper editorials supporting the French Revolution
B. printing more money
C. printing criticism of the government