Chemistry Review Worksheet Your Name: Per: ___

PART 1: Use Your Lecture Notes (PowerPoint Slides) to help you answer the following:

  1. What does the atomic number tell you?
  2. What does the atomic mass tell you?
  3. If you change the number of protons, which of the following happens (circle the correct answer):
    A) you change the atom into a new element
    B) it becomes a different isotope of the same element
    C) you change the charge of the atom (ion)
  4. What happens if you change the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom? (choose from A-C above)
  5. What happens if you change the number of electrons in the nucleus of an atom? (choose from A-C above)

Fill in the table below:

Atom / Is this an anion, cation, isotope?
Is this a metal or nonmetal? / Number of Protons / Number of Neutrons / Number of Electrons / Number of Valence Electrons / Mass
(don’t forget your units!)
Ex: 1 AMU
H+
K+
He
Li
I- / skip
S2-
Fe2+
N
Al
P-31 / skip
Sn-118
  1. Explain why it impossible to have H2+:
    (Hint: draw this atom – is it possible?)
  2. What is the average number of neutrons in bromine atom?
    (Hint: use its atomic mass from the periodic table)
  3. How many electrons does Li need to give away in order to be “happy”?
    (Hint: atoms are happy when all of their valence shell is full of electrons)
  4. How many electrons does nitrogen need in order to be “happy”?
  5. Will oxygen give away or take electrons? Why?
  6. Which of the following is a real ion found in nature? How can you tell? Cl2+ Ca2+ Na2+
    (Hint: figure out how many valence electrons they each have.
    Which one loses the right amount of electrons to make it happy?)
  7. What is a chemical reaction?
  8. What is the difference between an endergonic and an exergonic reaction?
  9. What is a bond?

Create a Venn diagram comparing ionic bonds to covalent bonds

Ionic Bonds Covalent Bonds

PART 2

View the video at and answer these questions

  1. Which compounds are made of metals and nonmetals?
  2. Which compounds are made only of nonmetals?
  3. How can you tell on your periodic table which elements are metals?
  4. Is hydrogen a metal or a nonmetal? Why might someone think it is the opposite?
  5. Is sodium chloride (NaCl) an ionic compound or a covalent compound? Why?
  6. Is water (H2O) an ionic compound or a covalent compound? Why?
  7. Is sulfur dioxide (SO2) an ionic compound or a covalent compound? Why?
  8. What is a polyatomic ionic compound?
  9. In which type of bond are electrons shared?
  10. In which type of bond are electrons moved from one atom to the other?
  11. How does the structure of ionic compounds differ from covalent compounds
  12. Solve: Which of the following will form an ionic bond with potassium: magnesium or oxygen? Why?