Name: ______Period:___Date:______
Rome Review Sheet
Chapters 12-15Harcourt Social Studies & Chapters 32-35 History Alive
- The Roman’s myth about the founding of their city was that ______and ______built a town on the banks of the ______river. Romulus killed his brother and became king of the city named Rome.
- A Cuniculus is an ______invented by the ______and later evolved into Roman ______.
- Etruscan engineers utilized ______to support massive structures. The Romans would later use these supports and ______to create even larger public structures including bridges, ______, and aqueducts.
- Etruscans sporting events included ______which would later evolve into Gladiator events and ______races.
- Greek settlements were located in the ______of the Italian peninsula.
- Greeks influenced Roman architecture by showing them how to use ______to create temples for their gods and the use of ______to support their structures.
- The Roman language originated in ______, was adopted and changed in ______, and later borrowed by the Romans and altered once again.
- Greek ______showed pictures of Gods, Goddesses and heroes or everyday life while Roman art celebrated ______and ______.
- Roman mythology was created by bringing in Greek Gods and giving them ______. Romans were more concerned with performing the right ______for a particular occasion as opposed to writing stories about their Gods interactions with one another.
10. ______were the first rulers of Romeprior to the formation of the RomanRepublic.
11. Patricians under Etruscan rule were ______class, wealthy______, and chose advisors for king. They also held important ______and______offices.
12. Plebeians under Etruscan rule were ______class, mostly ______, laborers, craftspeople, and shopkeepers. They made up ______% of Rome’s population. They could not be priests or govt. officials, little say in ______, but were able to serve in army.
13. In 509 B.C.E. the Etruscans were driven out of Rome by the ______who created a ______.
14. The new government of Rome had a Senate of ______men who were elected by ______. Senators served for life, appointed other gov’t officials, and served as judges. The gov’t also had two ______, elected leaders who shared command of the ______. The Senate advised these men but the Senate made the laws.
15. Plebeians rebel in 494 B.C.E. because the______held all power in the gov’t. Pats changed ______since they were not written down to benefit themselves. During times of war, Plebeians had to fight in battle but had no part in the ______. The Plebeians took a stand during the ______and walked out of the city and onto ______until they received more power.
16. Over the next 200 years the Plebeians were given various rights to eventually achieve equality.
In 494 B.C.E. they were given the ______of the ______who spoke on their behalf to senate and consuls. They were also given the ______of the ______which made laws for the Plebeians not pats.
In 451 B.C.E. laws were written down on the ______and
placed in Roman forum.
In 367 B.C.E. one of the two ______had to be a pleb.
In 287 B.C.E. plebeians gained right to ______for all Romans.
17. First Period of Roman Expansion______to ______B.C.E.:
Drove out ______kings. Would later sign a ______with their Latin neighbors. Rome was burned to the ground by the ______. Rome would rebuild, increase the size of their ______and ______, and later defeat the ______to the North. By 275 B.C.E. Rome controlled the entire______.
18. Second Period of Roman Expansion______to ______B.C.E.:
______was the dominant power in the Mediterranean Sea due to their powerful ______. When Rome conquered ______cities in southern Italy Rome was drawn into a fight.
First Punic War: Fought mostly at ______. Romans lacked a strong navy so they______and ______Carthaginian ships. Victory at sea won war for Romans and they took over ______and other islands.
Second Punic War:
Carthaginians attack when ______marched army from Spain across the Alps and into Italy. For ______years Hannibal fought Romans. Romans decide to attack ______. Romans defeatedHannibal. Carthage turned over lands in______and tons of money.
Third Punic War:
Romans burned Carthage to the ground killing many and forcing others into ______. Rome controlled most of the ______Sea includingNorth Africa, Macedonia, Spain and numerous islands.
19. Third Period of Roman Expansion______to ______B.C.E.:
______defeated ______, to become named ______for ______by the Senate, this marked the end of the ______. Julius Caesar was murdered by Rome’s ______who felt they were saving the republic.
20. Fourth Period of Roman Expansion______B.C.E. to ______C.E.:
______became Emperor and the Senate gave him the name ______. Augustus said he was restoring the power of the ______and the Roman people but he was in complete control. Augustus pushed Rome’s borders to natural boundaries like the ______River, ______River, Carpathian Mountains, ______Desert and the ______Ocean. Under Roman rule the Mediterranean was at peace for 200 years, called the ______or Roman peace.
21. There were many ______religions in the Roman Empire. Jesus of Nazareth was born in 4 B.C.E. and eventually arrested because Roman authorities felt he would lead the ______in a ______.
22. After he was arrested, Jesus was ______by the Romans. Before he died Jesus commanded his ______to spread his teachings.
23. Romans were not tolerant of Christians because they did not ______the Emperor as a god. Many Christians would become ______dying for their religious beliefs.
24. People began practicing Christianity because it gave people hope for a better ______.
25. ______was the first Roman Emperor to be Christian. He issued the ______of ______which granted freedom of ______to all citizens.
26. Emperor ______made Christianity the ______religion of the Roman Empire. He banned the practice of all other religions.
28. The Pax Romana ended after the rule of ______. The empire had grown ______to protect from outside attackers such as the ______from the north, the ______in Asia and the ______in Africa. The empire was also too large to control the massive population who had very diverse beliefs. Groups like the ______were growing in popularity. ______used their armies to fight over the throne. Bloody ______severely weakened the Roman Empire.
29. The Roman Empire was split into two empires, the Western Roman Empire whose capital was in ______, and the Eastern Roman Empire whose capital was in ______by the emperor ______in A.D. 284. This and other reforms established by Diocletian work ______, but ultimately fail. ______would eventually reunite the empire after a bloody civil war.
30. Climate change began to force farmers in Asia to move south and west in search of more arable land. In doing so, ______and the Huns pushed numerous ______into Rome. First the ______led by Alaric and then the ______conquered Rome. Finally, in A.D. 476, Germanic Chief ______conquered and became the first Germanic King of Rome.
Name: ______Period:___Date:______
Rome Review Answer Sheet
Chapter 7 Eastern Hemisphere & Chapters 32-35 History Alive
- The Roman’s myth about the founding of their city was that Romulus and Remus built a town on the banks of the Tiber river. Romulus killed his brother and became king of the city named Rome.
- A Cuniculus is an irrigation systeminvented by the Etruscans and later evolved into Roman Aqueducts.
- Etruscan engineers utilized Arches to support massive structures. The Romans would later use these supports and concrete to create even larger public structures including bridges, stadiums, and aqueducts.
- Etruscans sporting events included Slave Fightingwhich would later evolve into Gladiator events and Chariot races.
- Greek settlements were located in the Southern regionof the Italian peninsula.
- Greeks influenced Roman architecture by showing them how to use Marbleto create temples for their gods and the use of Columns to support their structures.
- The Roman language originated in Greece, was adopted and changed in Etruria, and later borrowed by the Romans and altered once again.
- Greek Pottery showed pictures of Gods, Goddesses and heroes or everyday life while Roman art celebrated Great Leaders and Events.
- Roman mythology was created by bringing in Greek Gods and giving them New Names. Romans were more concerned with performing the right Ritual for a particular occasion as opposed to writing stories about their Gods interactions with one another.
10. Etruscans were the first rulers of Romeprior to the formation of the RomanRepublic.
11. Patricians under Etruscan rule were Upperclass, wealthyLandowners, and chose advisors for king. They also held important ReligiousandMilitary offices.
12. Plebeians under Etruscan rule were Lowerclass, mostly Peasants, laborers, craftspeople, and shopkeepers. They made up _95_% of Rome’s population. They could not be priests or govt. officials, little say in Government, but were able to serve in army.
13. In 509 B.C.E. the Etruscans were driven out of Rome by the Patricians who created a Republic.
14. The new government of Rome had a Senate of 300men who were elected by Patricians. Senators served for life, appointed other gov’t officials, and served as judges. The gov’t also had two Consuls, elected leaders who shared command of the Army. The Senate advised these men but the Senate made the laws.
15. Plebeians rebel in 494 B.C.E. because thePatricians held all power in the gov’t. Pats changed Laws since they were not written down to benefit themselves. During times of war, Plebeians had to fight in battle but had no part in the Decision Making Process. The Plebeians took a stand during the Conflict of the Ordersand walked out of the city and onto anearby hilluntil they received more power.
16. Over the next 200 years the Plebeians were given various rights to eventually achieve equality.
In 494 B.C.E. they were given the Tribune of the Plebswho spoke on their behalf to senate and consuls. They were also given the Councilof the Plebswhich made laws for the Plebeians not pats.
In 451 B.C.E. laws were written down on the Twelve Tablesand placed in Roman forum.
In 367 B.C.E. one of the two Consuls had to be a pleb.
In 287 B.C.E. plebeians gained right to Make Lawsfor all Romans.
17. First Period of Roman Expansion509 to 264 B.C.E.:
Drove out Etruscan kings. Would later sign a PeaceTreaty with their Latin neighbors. Rome was burned to the ground by the Gauls. Rome would rebuild, increase the size of their Wall and Army, and later defeat the Etruscans to the North. By 275 B.C.E. Rome controlled the entireItalianPeninsula.
18. Second Period of Roman Expansion264 to 146 B.C.E.:
Carthage was the dominant power in the Mediterranean Sea due to their powerfulNavy. When Rome conquered Greekcities in southern Italy Rome was drawn into a fight.
First Punic War:
Fought mostly at Sea. Romans lacked a strong navy so they Copiedand Modified Carthaginian ships. Victory at sea won war for Romans and they took over Sicily and other islands.
Second Punic War:
Carthaginians attack when Hannibal marched army from Spain across the Alps and into Italy. For 15 years Hannibal fought Romans. Romans decide to attack Carthage. Romans defeatedHannibal. Carthage turned over lands in Spain and tons of money.
Third Punic War:Romans burned Carthage to the ground killing many and forcing others into slavery. Rome controlled most of the Mediterranean Sea including North Africa, Macedonia, Spain and numerous islands.
19. Third Period of Roman Expansion146 to 44B.C.E.:
Julius Caesardefeated Pompey, to become named Dictator for Lifeby the Senate, this marked the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar was murdered by Rome’s Senatorswho felt they were saving the republic.
20. Fourth Period of Roman Expansion44 B.C.E. to 14 C.E.:
Octavian became Emperor and the Senate gave him the name Augustus. Augustus said he was restoring the power of the Senate and the Roman people but he was in complete control. Augustus pushed Rome’s borders to natural boundaries like the RhineRiver, DanubeRiver, Carpathian Mountains, SaharaDesert and the AtlanticOcean. Under Roman rule the Mediterranean was at peace for 200 years, called the Pax Romanaor Roman peace.
21. There were many different religions in the Roman Empire. Jesus of Nazareth was born in 4 B.C.E. and eventually arrested because Roman authorities felt he would lead the JEWS in a REVOLT.
22. After he was arrested, Jesus was CRUCIFIED by the Romans. Before he died Jesus commanded his DISCIPLES to spread his teachings.
23. Romans were not tolerant of Christians because they did not WORSHIP the Emperor as a god. Many Christians would become MARTYRS dying for their religious beliefs.
24. People began practicing Christianity because it gave people hope for a better LIFE IN THE AFTERLIFE
25. CONSTANTINE THE GREAT was the first Roman Emperor to be Christian. He issued the EDICT of MILANwhich granted freedom ofWORSHIP to all citizens.
26. Emperor THEODOSIUS Imade Christianity theOFFICIAL religion of the Roman Empire. He banned the practice of all other religions.
28. The Pax Romana ended after the rule of Marcus Aurelius. The empire had grown too large to protect from outside attackers such as the Germanic tribes from the north, the Persians in Asia and the Berbers in Africa. The empire was too large to control the massive population who had very diverse beliefs. Groups like the Christians were growing in popularity. Generals used their armies to fight over the throne. Bloody civil wars severely weakened the Roman Empire.
29. The Roman Empire was split into two empires, the Western Roman Empire whose capital was in Rome, and the Eastern Roman Empire whose capital was in Byzantium by the emperor Diocletian in A.D. 284. This and other reforms established by Diocletian work temporarily, but ultimately fail. Constantine the Great would eventually reunite the empire after a bloody civil war.
30. Climate change began to force farmers in Asia to move south and west in search of more arable land. In doing so, Attila and the Huns pushed numerous Germanic tribes into Rome. First the Visigoths led by Alaric and then the Vandals conquered Rome. Finally, in A.D. 476, Germanic Chief Odoacer conquered and became the first Germanic King of Rome.