TEXT: SDOROW
CHAPTER: 01
SUBTOPIC #12: Psychology as a Profession
1) Helen graduated from medical school and specialized in psychological disorders. Helen is most likely a(n)
A. health psychologist.
B. applied psychologist.
C. clinical psychologist.
D. psychiatrist.
DIFFICULTY: 2
ANS_KEY: D
EXPL: Psychologists graduate from graduate school, not medical school.
2) Jon’s job involves providing accessible care for people with psychological problems. Jon is most likely a(n)
A. industrial/organizational psychologist.
B. community psychologist.
C. personality psychologist.
D. forensic psychologist.
DIFFICULTY: 3
ANS_KEY: B
EXPL: A personality psychologist focuses on personality traits of individuals.
3) Scott’s job involves the workplace by focusing on workers and the overall organization. Scott is most likely a(n)
A. industrial/organizational psychologist.
B. community psychologist.
C. personality psychologist.
D. forensic psychologist.
DIFFICULTY: 2
ANS_KEY: A
EXPL: A community psychologist focuses on accessing care of people with psychological disorders.
4) Shawna conducts research related to psychology and the legal system. Shawna is most likely a(n)
A. industrial/organizational psychologist.
B. community psychologist.
C. personality psychologist.
D. forensic psychologist.
DIFFICULTY: 2
ANS_KEY: D
EXPL: A community psychologist focuses on accessing care of people with psychological disorders.
5) Patty researches self-concept and aggressive personality types in her participants. Patty is most likely a(n)
A. industrial/organizational psychologist.
B. community psychologist.
C. personality psychologist.
D. forensic psychologist.
DIFFICULTY: 2
ANS_KEY: C
EXPL: A personality psychologist focuses on personality traits of individuals.
6) Social psychology can best be described as being concerned with
A. human social interactions, relationships, and attitudes.
B. psychological factors and lifestyles that impact overall health.
C. how children learn and adjust to school.
D. sport performance and enjoyment of sport participation.
DIFFICULTY: 1
ANS_KEY: A
EXPL: Social psychology is not specific to children or sporting events.
7) Health psychology can best be described as being concerned with
A. human social interactions, relationships, and attitudes.
B. psychological factors and lifestyles that impact overall health.
C. how children learn and adjust to school.
D. sport performance and enjoyment of sport participation.
DIFFICULTY: 1
ANS_KEY: B
EXPL: Health psychology is not specific to children or sporting events
8) Sports psychology can best be described as being concerned with
A. human social interactions, relationships, and attitudes.
B. psychological factors and lifestyles that impact overall health.
C. how children learn and adjust to school.
D. sport performance and enjoyment of sport participation.
DIFFICULTY: 1
ANS_KEY: D
EXPL: Sports psychologists often work with athletes or evaluate fitness programs.
9) School and educational psychology can best be described as being concerned with
A. human social interactions, relationships, and attitudes.
B. psychological factors and lifestyles that impact overall health.
C. how children learn and adjust to school.
D. sport performance and enjoyment of sport participation.
DIFFICULTY: 1
ANS_KEY: C
EXPL: School and educational psychologists are often involved in student testing and educational policies.
10) The biggest difference between a counseling psychologist and a psychiatrist is that the psychologist
A. is more likely to proscribe drugs to help people deal with psychological problems.
B. went to medical school and is a doctor of medicine.
C. is likely to help people with less serious psychological problems.
D. is likely to work in a mental hospital.
DIFFICULTY: 1
ANS_KEY: C
EXPL: Counseling psychologists help people cope with everyday problems and so tend to deal with clients whose problems are less severe than those who are treated by psychiatrists.
11) Psychologists who do basic science
A. are probably working in a mental hospital or clinic.
B. help people who have psychological problems.
C. are probably working in industry to find better ways to sell products.
D. work to answer questions, not to solve problems.
DIFFICULTY: 2
ANS_KEY: D
EXPL: Basic science is about understanding, applied is about helping or treating.
12) In comparison to clinical psychologists, experimental psychologists are more likely to work
A. in an academic setting.
B. in business or industry.
C. at applied rather than basic research.
D. at counseling students.
DIFFICULTY: 2
ANS_KEY: A
EXPL: Experimental psychology is the largest academic specialization within psychology.
13) Behavioral neuroscience is an extension of which approach to psychology?
A. Psychoanalytic
B. Biopsychological
C. Behavioral
D. Humanist
DIFFICULTY: 3
ANS_KEY: B
EXPL: Behavioral neuroscience studies the physiological bases of behavior. As such it is an extension of the biopsychological approach to the study of behavior.
14) Someone interested in both developmental and personality psychology might study
A. how behavior changes in response to experience.
B. the effect of early life on how the brain functions.
C. if children of warm, nurturing parents are more likely to become extroverted in adulthood than children of cold, reserved parents.
D. if children from large families have higher blood pressure than children from smaller families.
DIFFICULTY: 3
ANS_KEY: C
EXPL: Developmental psychologists focus on how individuals change across the lifespan, and personality psychologists are interested in individual differences. Thus, someone interested in both might be interested in how events in early life are reflected in personality later in life.
15) Behavioral neuroscience and comparative psychology reflect the _____ approach to psychology and are examples of _____ psychology.
A. Behaviorist, Applied
B. Biopsychological, Applied
C. Behaviorist, Experimental
D. Biopsychological, Experimental
DIFFICULTY: 3
ANS_KEY: D
EXPL: Both comparative and biological psychology reflect the biopsychological tradition and are experimental rather than applied.
16) Personality psychology and humanism share an interest in
A. the things that make people different.
B. how mind is related to biological processes.
C. how to help people to become more involved in life.
D. the changes in behavior that are associated with growing older.
DIFFICULTY: 3
ANS_KEY: A
EXPL: Both of these focus on things that make people unique or different.
17) School psychologists focus more on _____ whereas educational psychologists focus on _____.
A. procedures, individuals
B. individuals, procedures
C. application, theory
D. theory, application
DIFFICULTY: 3
ANS_KEY: B
EXPL: Both of these fields are considered applications of psychology, but school psychology is more focused on the students and educational psychology more focused on procedures.
18) Social psychology is interested in _____ while personality psychology is more focused on _____.
A. application of what we learn in the lab to the real world, individual differences according to one theory or another
B. showing that one theory works better than another in a given social situation, how individual differences influence the effects of therapy
C. how the presence of others affects how individuals act, how personality differences affect the actions of individuals
D. how the presence of others impacts personality, how personality impacts how we interact with others
DIFFICULTY: 4
ANS_KEY: C
EXPL: Personality psychology is about individual differences, while social psychology is about how the presence of others affects behavior and or mental processes.
19) Industrial/organizational, sport and health psychology are all
A. basic sciences.
B. based on developmental psychology.
C. approached most directly from the humanist perspective.
D. applied areas of psychology.
DIFFICUTLY: 1
ANS_KEY: D
EXPL: All of these are applied areas within psychology – the goal of each is to make things better rather than to understand things.
20) A psychiatrist, a counseling psychologist and a clinical psychologist all work to help people
A. solve personal problems.
B. to understand their unconscious motives.
C. to confront their past.
D. All of the above.
DIFFICULTY: 2
ANS_KEY: A
EXPL: As applied disciplines, all of these areas are designed to help people solve problems.