PREFACE to the EIGHTH EDITION Xv

Contents

PREFACE TO THE EIGHTH EDITION xv

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xxv

The Victorian Age (1830–1901) 979

Introduction 979

Timeline 1000

THOMAS CARLYLE (1795–1881) 1002

Sartor Resartus 1006

The Everlasting No 1006

Centre of Indifference 1011

The Everlasting Yea 1017

Past and Present 1024

Democracy 1024

Captains of Industry 1029

JOHN HENRY CARDINAL NEWMAN (1801–1890) 1033

The Idea of a University 1035

From Discourse 5. Knowledge Its Own End 1035

From Discourse 7. Knowledge Viewed in Relation to Professional

Skill 1036

From Discourse 8. Knowledge Viewed in Relation to Religion 1041

JOHN STUART MILL (1806–1873) 1043

What Is Poetry? 1044

On Liberty 1051

From Chapter 3. Of Individuality as One of the Elements of Well-

Being 1051

The Subjection of Women 1060

From Chapter 1 1061

Autobiography 1070

From Chapter 5. A Crisis in My Mental History. One Stage

Onward 1070

ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING (1806–1861) 1077

The Cry of the Children 1079

To George Sand: A Desire 1083

To George Sand: A Recognition 1083

Sonnets from the Portuguese 1084

vii

viii / Contents

21 (“Say over again, and yet once over again”) 1084

22 (“When our two souls stand up erect and strong”) 1084

32 (“The first time that the sun rose on thine oath”) 1084

43 (“How do I love thee? Let me count the ways”) 1085

The Runaway Slave at Pilgrim’s Point 1085

Aurora Leigh 1092

Book 1 1092

[The Education of Aurora Leigh] 1092

Book 2 1097

[Aurora’s Aspirations] 1097

[Aurora’s Rejection of Romney] 1100

Book 5 1104

[Poets and the Present Age] 1104

Mother and Poet 1106

ALFRED, LORD TENNYSON (1809–1892) 1109

Mariana 1112

The Lady of Shalott 1114

The Lotos-Eaters 1119

Ulysses 1123

Tithonus 1125

Break, Break, Break 1126

The Epic [Morte d’Arthur] 1127

Locksley Hall 1129

the princess 1135

Tears, Idle Tears 1135

Now Sleeps the Crimson Petal 1136

[“The woman’s cause is man’s”] 1136

From In Memoriam A. H. H. 1138

The Charge of the Light Brigade 1188

idylls of the king 1189

The Coming of Arthur 1190

The Passing of Arthur 1201

Crossing the Bar 1211

EDWARD FITZGERALD (1809–1883) 1212

Ruba´iya´t of Omar Khayya´m 1213

ELIZABETH GASKELL (1810–1865) 1221

The Old Nurse’s Story 1222

CHARLES DICKENS (1812–1870) 1236

A Visit to Newgate 1239

ROBERT BROWNING (1812–1889)

Porphyria’s Lover 1252

Soliloquy of the Spanish Cloister 1253

My Last Duchess 1255

The Lost Leader 1256

How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix 1257

Contents /ix

The Bishop Orders His Tomb at Saint Praxed’s Church 1259

A Toccata of Galuppi’s 1262

Love among the Ruins 1264

“Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came” 1266

Fra Lippo Lippi 1271

Andrea del Sarto 1280

A Grammarian’s Funeral 1286

An Epistle Containing the Strange Medical Experience of Karshish, the

Arab Physician 1289

Caliban upon Setebos 1296

Abt Vogler 1303

Rabbi Ben Ezra 1305

EMILY BRONTE (1818–1848) 1311

I’m happiest when most away 1311

The Night-Wind 1312

Remembrance 1313

Stars 1314

The Prisoner. A Fragment 1315

No coward soul is mine 1317

JOHN RUSKIN (1819–1900) 1317

Modern Painters 1320

[A Definition of Greatness in Art] 1320

[“The Slave Ship”] 1321

From Of the Pathetic Fallacy 1322

The Stones of Venice 1324

[The Savageness of Gothic Architecture] 1324

GEORGE ELIOT (1819–1880) 1334

Margaret Fuller and Mary Wollstonecraft 1337

From Silly Novels by Lady Novelists 1342

MATTHEW ARNOLD (1822–1888) 0000

Isolation. To Marguerite 1354

To Marguerite—Continued 1355

The Buried Life 1356

Memorial Verses 1358

Lines Written in KensingtonGardens 1360

The Scholar Gypsy 1361

DoverBeach 1368

Stanzas from the Grande Chartreuse 1369

Preface to Poems (1853) 1374

From The Function of Criticism at the Present Time 1384

Culture and Anarchy 1398

From Chapter 1. Sweetness and Light 1398

From Chapter 2. Doing As One Likes 1399

From Chapter 5. Porro Unum Est Necessarium 1402

From The Study of Poetry 1404

Literature and Science 1415

THOMAS HENRY HUXLEY (1825–1895)

1427

Science and Culture 1429

x/Contents

[The Values of Education in the Sciences] 1429

Agnosticism and Christianity 1436

[Agnosticism Defined] 1436

GEORGE MEREDITH (1828–1909)

1440

Modern Love 1440

1 (“By this he knew she wept with waking eyes”) 1440

2 (“It ended, and the morrow brought the task”) 1440

17 (“At dinner, she is hostess, I am host”) 1441

49 (“He found her by the ocean’s moaning verge”) 1441

50 (“Thus piteously Love closed what he begat”) 1441

DANTE GABRIEL ROSSETTI (1828–1882) 1442

The Blessed Damozel 1443

My Sister’s Sleep 1447

Jenny 1449

The House of Life 1457

The Sonnet 1457

Nuptial Sleep 1458

19. Silent Noon 1458

77. Soul’s Beauty 1458

78. Body’s Beauty 1459

CHRISTINA ROSSETTI (1830–1894) 1459

Song (“She sat and sang alway”) 1460

Song (“When I am dead, my dearest”) 1461

After Death 1461

Dead before Death 1462

Cobwebs 1462

A Triad 1462

In an Artist’s Studio 1463

A Birthday 1463

An Apple-Gathering 1464

Winter: My Secret 1464

Up-Hill 1465

Goblin Market 1466

“No, Thank You, John” 1478

Promises Like Pie-Crust 1479

In Progress 1479

A Life’s Parallels 1480

Later Life 1480

17 (“Something this foggy day, a something which”) 1480

Cardinal Newman 1480

Sleeping at Last 1481

WILLIAM MORRIS (1834–1896)

1481

The Defence of Guenevere 1483

How I Became a Socialist 1491

ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE (1837–1909)

1494

Hymn to Proserpine 1496

Contents /xi

Hermaphroditus 1499

Ave atque Vale 1500

WALTER PATER (1839–1894)

1505

Studies in the History of the Renaissance 1507

Preface 1507

[“La Gioconda”] 1510

Conclusion 1511

GERARD MANLEY HOPKINS (1844–1889)

1513

God’s Grandeur 1516

The Starlight Night 1516

As Kingfishers Catch Fire 1517

Spring 1517

The Windhover 1518

Pied Beauty 1518

Hurrahing in Harvest 1519

Binsey Poplars 1519

Duns Scotus’s Oxford 1520

Felix Randal 1520

Spring and Fall: to a young child 1521

[Carrion Comfort] 1521

No worst, there is none 1522

I wake and feel the fell of dark, not day 1522

That Nature Is a Heraclitean Fire 1523

Thou art indeed just, Lord 1524

From Journal 1524

light verse 1527

EDWARD LEAR (1812–1888) 1527

Limerick (“There was an Old Man who supposed”) 1528

The Jumblies 1528

LEWIS CARROLL (1832–1898) 1529

Jabberwocky 1530

[Humpty Dumpty’s Explication of “Jabberwocky”] 1530

The White Knight’s Song 1532

W. S. GILBERT (1836–1911) 1534

When I, Good Friends, Was Called to the Bar 1534

If You’re Anxious for to Shine in the High Aesthetic Line 1534

victorian issues 1538

EVOLUTION 1538

Charles Darwin: The Origin of Species 1539

From Chapter 3. Struggle for Existence 1539

From Chapter 15. Recapitulation and Conclusion 1541

Charles Darwin: The Descent of Man 1545

[Natural Selection and Sexual Selection] 1546

Leonard Huxley: The Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley 1549

xii/Contents

[The Huxley-Wilberforce Debate at Oxford] 1550

Sir Edmund Gosse: From Father and Son 1553

INDUSTRIALISM: PROGRESS OR DECLINE? 1556

Thomas Babington Macaulay: A Review of Southey’s Colloquies 1557

[Evidence of Progress] 1557

The Children’s Employment Commission: From First Report of the

Commissioners, Mines 1563

[Child Mine-Worker in Yorkshire] 1563

Friedrich Engels: From The Great Towns 1565

Charles Kingsley: Alton Locke 1572

[A London Slum] 1572

Charles Dickens: Hard Times 1573

[Coketown] 1573

Anonymous: Poverty Knock 1574

Henry Mayhew: London Labour and the London Poor 1576

[Boy Inmate of the Casual Wards] 1576

Annie Besant: The “White Slavery” of London Match Workers 1577

Ada Nield Chew: A Living Wage for Factory Girls at Crewe 1579

THE “WOMAN QUESTION”: THE VICTORIAN DEBATE

ABOUT GENDER 1581

Sarah Stickney Ellis: The Women of England: Their Social Duties and

Domestic Habits 1583

[Disinterested Kindness] 1584

Coventry Patmore: The Angel in the House 1585

The Paragon 1586

John Ruskin: From Of Queens’ Gardens 1587

Harriet Martineau: From Autobiography 1589

Anonymous: The Great Social Evil 1592

Dinah Maria Mulock: A Woman’s Thoughts about Women 1596

[Something to Do] 1596

Florence Nightingale: Cassandra 1598

[Nothing to Do] 1598

Mona Caird: From Marriage 1601

Walter Besant: The Queen’s Reign 1605

[The Transformation of Women’s Status between 1837 and

1897] 1605

EMPIRE AND NATIONAL IDENTITY 1607

Thomas Babington Macaulay: Minute on Indian Education 1610

William Howard Russell: My Diary in India, In the Year 1858–9 1612

Eliza Cook: The Englishman 1615

Charles Mackay: Songs from “The Emigrants” 1616

Anonymous: [Proclamation of an IrishRepublic] 1618

Matthew Arnold: From On the Study of Celtic Literature 1619

James Anthony Froude: From The English in the West Indies 1621

John Jacob Thomas: Froudacity 1624

From Social Revolution 1624

Alfred, Lord Tennyson: Opening of the Indian and Colonial Exhibition by

the Queen 1625

Contents / xiii

T. N. Mukharji: A Visit to Europe II 1627

[The Indian and Colonial Exhibition] 1627

Joseph Chamberlain: From The True Conception of Empire 1630

J. A. Hobson: Imperialism: A Study 1632

[The Political Significance of Imperialism] 1632

late victorians 1635

MICHAEL FIELD (Katherine Bradley: 1846–1914; and

Edith Cooper: 1862–1913) 1637

[Maids, not to you my mind doth change] 1638

[A girl] 1639

Unbosoming 1639

[It was deep April, and the morn] 1639

To Christina Rossetti 1640

Nests in Elms 1640

Eros 1641

WILLIAM ERNEST HENLEY (1849–1903) 1641

In Hospital 1642

Invictus 1642

ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON (1850–1894) 1643

The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde 1645

OSCAR WILDE (1854–1900) 1686

Impression du Matin 1687

The Harlot’s House 1688

The Critic as Artist 1689

[Criticism Itself an Art] 1689

Preface to The Picture of Dorian Gray 1697

The Importance of Being Earnest 1698

From De Profundis 1740

BERNARD SHAW (1856–1950) 1743

Mrs Warren’s Profession 1746

MARY ELIZABETH COLERIDGE (1861–1907) 1790

The Other Side of a Mirror 1791

The Witch 1792

RUDYARD KIPLING (1865–1936) 1793

The Man Who Would Be King 1794

Danny Deever 1818

The Widow at Windsor 1819

Recessional 1820

The White Man’s Burden 1821

If— 1822

ERNEST DOWSON (1867–1900)

Cynara 1824

They Are Not Long 1825

xiv/Contents

POEMS IN PROCESS A1

William Blake A2

The Tyger A2

William Wordsworth A4

She dwelt among the untrodden ways A4

Lord Byron A5

Don Juan A5

Canto 3, Stanza 9 A5

Canto 14, Stanza 95 A6

Percy Bysshe Shelley A7

O World, O Life, O Time A7

John Keats A9

The Eve of St. Agnes A9

To Autumn A10

Alfred, Lord Tennyson A11

The Lady of Shalott A11

Tithonus A14

Elizabeth Barrett Browning A15

The Runaway Slave at Pilgrim’s Point A15

Gerard Manley Hopkins A18

Thou art indeed just, Lord A18

William Butler Yeats A19

The Sorrow of Love A19

Leda and the Swan A21

D. H. Lawrence A23

The Piano A23

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHIES A25